Jamus wants to expand the scope of support.
3 d ·
Those of us that have spent some time working on international development like to tell a story about a particular antipoverty intervention program, created in Mexico in 1997, called “Progresa” (literally, progress). Progresa would offer cash to households, in exchange for behaviors such as regular school attendance, health clinic visits, and purchasing nutritious food (in development lingo, these were known as conditional cash transfer, or CCTs).
The premise behind CCTs was that paying families to invest in education and health—their human capital—was worthwhile, since the kids would eventually grow up to be even more productive (and presumably taxpaying) members of society. The program was so undeniably successful that it even survived politics. When a new government took over in 2000, there were fears that Progresa would be abandoned. But it survived, after being renamed “Oportunidades” in 2002. CCTs are now used widely around the world.
Why is this relevant for Singapore? Well, for starters, we have our own antipoverty program, which we call Comcare. Comcare has elements of CCTs, but as in so many things, we have a tendency to take things to an extreme. For instance—even setting aside the fairly low incomes required to qualify—we require a very intrusive process of evaluating the incomes, spending, savings, and needs of recipients. Grant amounts are usually small, and often only short-term. Residents have shared that this process is rather demeaning, not to mention time-consuming. It’s also archaic and inefficient, since many bills—like rental, utilities, or S&CC—are already automated, and can be obtained directly from agencies involved.
We can also expand the scope of support, to better target the needs of our local education landscape. Some of these needs include the costs of participation in co-curricular activities, or funding extra tuition for weak students. Make participation in these activities truly conditional; if the students register their attendance, that should be taken as sufficient (providers can bill the MSF directly), rather than requiring a roundabout process of receipt submission by each individual household. Studies of the efficacy of CCTs in the local context are still limited (that’s a gripe for another day), but they exist. One study of the ST pocket money fund (a type of CCT) suggest that it attained its educational objectives (
https://doi.org/10.1080/02185385.2012.681143).
I’m hopeful that we can think of more ways to reduce the documentary and dignity burden on folks receiving help when they are down, and make us a more compassionate society.
#makingyourvotecount
Postscript: Oportunidades has since been pared down to mainly an educational CCT, and rebranded (again) to “Prospera” (if you haven’t noticed, politicians like to rebrand).