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that will be the biggest joke
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PAPS SLOWLY MAKING RIGHT MOVES
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that will be the biggest joke
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Covid-19 is not a crisis. The crisis is the resulting panic from an infection that is mild in most people.
When there is no vaccine available for a viral infection the best way to deal with it is to catch it, fight it, beat it and you're pretty much immune from then on.
The virus may mutate and come back in an even more virulent form (eg Covid-6.9) but if you've already caught Covid-19 you'll be in a much better position to deal with the new mutation compared to those who have zero immunity.
The best example of how this works is in the story of cowpox and how catching cowpox protected against smallpox which was deadly.
You can about it at https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/3621232/Milkmaids-held-the-key-to-the-cure.html
Instead of running for cover from Covid-19 you should seek out those who have it, try your best to catch it and then deal with it. That is how I acquired my immunity to measles. I was taken to a measles party despite the fact that the chance of death ranged from 0.2% to 1%. I beat the odds and I'm still alive and kicking today and am immune to measles.
Catching Covid-19 now could save your life some time in the future. The next mutation of Covid-19 may have a mortality rate of 20% or 50% and that will give you a reason to be genuinely scared shitless and you'll be wishing you'd caught the coronavirus when the mortality rate was less than 2%.
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Milkmaids held the key to the cure
Kate Colquhoun reviews The Life and Death of Smallpox by Ian and Jenifer Glynn
Kate Colquhoun
12:01AM BST 26 Jul 2004
Throughout the 19th century, controversy over whether to vaccinate against the lethal variola virus – the cause of smallpox – raged no less fiercely than the current debate over the MMR triple vaccine. But 200 years ago the very notion of vaccination was startlingly new. In their book, Ian and Jenifer Glynn have set out to chart the birth-to-death story of the virus as it crossed five continents, over thousands of years.
No one really knows exactly where or when the smallpox virus originated. It may have been the cause of the plague of Athens, as described by Thucydides, and it probably caused the death of Ramses V and, later, Marcus Aurelius. Killing, blinding and disfiguring countless millions worldwide, "the pox" defeated armies, ended dynasties and ruined economies. It decimated North American Indian communities in the 16th century, South American tribespeople in the 1700s, and Australian Aboriginals a century later. Elizabeth I, Voltaire, Mozart and Abraham Lincoln all survived both its ravages and the bleeding, purging, puncturing, sweating and other dangerous remedies of their day.
Described by Macaulay as "the most terrible of all the ministers of death", it was spread rampantly by colonialism, religious expansion, trade, exploration and war; epidemics ran rife. By the 17th century it had replaced the plague as the principal cause of death. Unsurprisingly, then, smallpox was feared above all other infectious diseases.
The Royal Society in London gathered differing accounts of inoculation against smallpox from around the world and in 1717 variolation – the practice of inoculation by using matter drawn from a smallpox pustule and inserting it under the skin of a healthy person – was introduced to Britain. It was vigorously promoted by the Turkish ambassador's wife, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, who had witnessed the "folk practice" and had inoculated her own children.
Variolation usually produced a mild attack of smallpox, giving protection from future infection, but it was risky – and occasionally fatal – and, crucially, it actually assisted the spread of the disease since the recipient remained highly contagious yet was rarely quarantined. Nevertheless – after experimentation on several Newgate prisoners and on a handful of charity children proved to be effective – the practice began to be widely adopted among the nobility. A parallel process was enacted in America and parts of Europe: even Catherine the Great submitted herself to the needle.
Gradually refined, with gentler techniques obviating the earlier incisions, by the end of the century inoculation had become accepted practice among those who could afford it. But it had its detractors: many believed that it was illogical purposely to infect anyone and factions of the clergy argued forcefully against it.
In 1796 Edward Jenner, a Gloucestershire doctor, noticing that milkmaids who suffered from cowpox appeared resistant to smallpox, pioneered "vaccination", using material from the pustules of cows suffering from the related virus. It was the most significant breakthrough in the treatment and prevention of infectious disease that there had been and it was so at variance with established knowledge that Joseph Banks, then president of the Royal Society, advised against publication. Vaccination produced a mild, un-infectious reaction that also gave future immunity. It caught on. Jenner soon became the most famous (and wealthy) country doctor in the world.
The dramatic reduction in smallpox deaths wherever vaccination was introduced proved its efficacy, boosted its popularity and contributed to a decline in the practice of variolation. In order to transport vaccines to countries where they would have degenerated in heat and over time, and before the discovery of glycerine as a preserving agent, human "chains" were used through which vaccinations could be transferred "arm-to-arm", from one patient to the next.
In 1840 the Vaccine Act provided, in effect, the first free medical service in Britain, though compulsory vaccination remained highly contentious. Epidemics continued wherever there were mass movements of people but, after many further refinements and 200 years after Jenner's first vaccination, the World Health Organisation announced in 1979 that smallpox was the first (and still the only) infectious disease to have been effectively eradicated. Medically and politically, it was one of the most remarkable achievements of the century. Estimates suggest that it saves up to two million lives every year.
From an unwieldy mountain of material, the Glynns have written an engaging and succinct synthesis in which Jenner is the resounding hero. But in chronicling this absorbing story right up to the present, they caution against complacency: bio-terrorism remains an ever-present threat. During the Cold War, the Soviets stockpiled tens of tons of the virus; as recently as 1993 there were attempts to hybridise the variola and ebola viruses for use in germ warfare; and recently, perceiving a threat from Iraq, the British government ordered three million doses of the vaccine.
The Life and Death of Smallpox is a timely reminder of our vulnerability to a horrific disease for which there is still no effective cure.
Kate Colquhoun reviews The Life and Death of Smallpox by Ian and Jenifer Glynn
Kate Colquhoun
12:01AM BST 26 Jul 2004
Throughout the 19th century, controversy over whether to vaccinate against the lethal variola virus – the cause of smallpox – raged no less fiercely than the current debate over the MMR triple vaccine. But 200 years ago the very notion of vaccination was startlingly new. In their book, Ian and Jenifer Glynn have set out to chart the birth-to-death story of the virus as it crossed five continents, over thousands of years.
No one really knows exactly where or when the smallpox virus originated. It may have been the cause of the plague of Athens, as described by Thucydides, and it probably caused the death of Ramses V and, later, Marcus Aurelius. Killing, blinding and disfiguring countless millions worldwide, "the pox" defeated armies, ended dynasties and ruined economies. It decimated North American Indian communities in the 16th century, South American tribespeople in the 1700s, and Australian Aboriginals a century later. Elizabeth I, Voltaire, Mozart and Abraham Lincoln all survived both its ravages and the bleeding, purging, puncturing, sweating and other dangerous remedies of their day.
Described by Macaulay as "the most terrible of all the ministers of death", it was spread rampantly by colonialism, religious expansion, trade, exploration and war; epidemics ran rife. By the 17th century it had replaced the plague as the principal cause of death. Unsurprisingly, then, smallpox was feared above all other infectious diseases.
The Royal Society in London gathered differing accounts of inoculation against smallpox from around the world and in 1717 variolation – the practice of inoculation by using matter drawn from a smallpox pustule and inserting it under the skin of a healthy person – was introduced to Britain. It was vigorously promoted by the Turkish ambassador's wife, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, who had witnessed the "folk practice" and had inoculated her own children.
Variolation usually produced a mild attack of smallpox, giving protection from future infection, but it was risky – and occasionally fatal – and, crucially, it actually assisted the spread of the disease since the recipient remained highly contagious yet was rarely quarantined. Nevertheless – after experimentation on several Newgate prisoners and on a handful of charity children proved to be effective – the practice began to be widely adopted among the nobility. A parallel process was enacted in America and parts of Europe: even Catherine the Great submitted herself to the needle.
Gradually refined, with gentler techniques obviating the earlier incisions, by the end of the century inoculation had become accepted practice among those who could afford it. But it had its detractors: many believed that it was illogical purposely to infect anyone and factions of the clergy argued forcefully against it.
In 1796 Edward Jenner, a Gloucestershire doctor, noticing that milkmaids who suffered from cowpox appeared resistant to smallpox, pioneered "vaccination", using material from the pustules of cows suffering from the related virus. It was the most significant breakthrough in the treatment and prevention of infectious disease that there had been and it was so at variance with established knowledge that Joseph Banks, then president of the Royal Society, advised against publication. Vaccination produced a mild, un-infectious reaction that also gave future immunity. It caught on. Jenner soon became the most famous (and wealthy) country doctor in the world.
The dramatic reduction in smallpox deaths wherever vaccination was introduced proved its efficacy, boosted its popularity and contributed to a decline in the practice of variolation. In order to transport vaccines to countries where they would have degenerated in heat and over time, and before the discovery of glycerine as a preserving agent, human "chains" were used through which vaccinations could be transferred "arm-to-arm", from one patient to the next.
In 1840 the Vaccine Act provided, in effect, the first free medical service in Britain, though compulsory vaccination remained highly contentious. Epidemics continued wherever there were mass movements of people but, after many further refinements and 200 years after Jenner's first vaccination, the World Health Organisation announced in 1979 that smallpox was the first (and still the only) infectious disease to have been effectively eradicated. Medically and politically, it was one of the most remarkable achievements of the century. Estimates suggest that it saves up to two million lives every year.
From an unwieldy mountain of material, the Glynns have written an engaging and succinct synthesis in which Jenner is the resounding hero. But in chronicling this absorbing story right up to the present, they caution against complacency: bio-terrorism remains an ever-present threat. During the Cold War, the Soviets stockpiled tens of tons of the virus; as recently as 1993 there were attempts to hybridise the variola and ebola viruses for use in germ warfare; and recently, perceiving a threat from Iraq, the British government ordered three million doses of the vaccine.
The Life and Death of Smallpox is a timely reminder of our vulnerability to a horrific disease for which there is still no effective cure.
The paps have the stupidity to issue dependant pass to FS/PS even though it serves no purpose to enhance their contribution to the economy. In fact, these dependants only strain and drain the resources of the sinapor. FS/PS in sinapo are anxious to bring their whole villages of dependants to enjoy the good will of the paps.
What can the locals do? The option is to vote more oppo parties to Parliament and let them screw up the paps for their stupidity.
Time to decide who comes first. The locals or the FS/PS during this critical time of Covid pandemic?
Yes we can pay higher salary, increase their annual leave. Then they will consider.You can find sinkies to do these jobs?
This already open secret. Marriage of convenience, not marriage of love.
Uncles married FS and then encouraged them to prostitute for money in red light areas and KTV. Uncles get a cut from their wives' prostitution money, no need to work half dead like all the others in real marriage. These FS wives happy too, a goldmine in prostitution to send good money monthly to their families.
Who are stupid? The uncles and their FS wives or the paps?
Actually it is a dillema of the government.
They wanted cheap labour by import.
But they knows it is hard to make sure the ft stay for long.
So they let in the ft family to accompany him.
Some dependent pass holders are allow to work too
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