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China and America Are Going Navy Crazy (As in Building Lots of New Warships)
A photograph of a Shanghai shipyard appears to reveal China’s massive naval buildup. But appearances can be deceiving. Yes, China is growing and modernizing its fleet. No, the country isn’t about to overtake the United States when it comes to naval power.
Forbes writer H.I. Sutton highlighted the December 2019 photo, which apparently depicts no fewer than nine destroyers and an aircraft carrier under construction or fitting out at the yard. “To put that into context, the Royal Navy’s entire destroyer fleet is just six ships,” Sutton explained. “And this yard is just part of a much bigger construction program.”
“The Chinese navy of today, and the future, is changed beyond all recognition from the Chinese navy of the past,” Sutton added. “The world naval balance is shifting.”
It’s true. Beijing since the 1990s heavily has invested in a sweeping naval modernization program that has resulted in the Chinese navy growing into the world’s second-largest maritime force.
The Chinese fleet in 2019 boasts scores of modern frigates, destroyers, submarines and amphibious assault ships. One medium-size aircraft carrier is in service in a training role. Another carrier is undergoing trials. A third, larger flattop is under construction in Shanghai and is visible in Sutton’s photo.
Dec
18
1956
Japan joins the United Nations.
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But the photo probably isn’t actually all that remarkable, even considering that it depicts just one of China’s several major naval shipyards.
For starters, we don’t actually know exactly how many warships China is building at any given time, where exactly the country is building them, how much they cost and how well they work.
“Regarding Chinese shipbuilding advantages, it is difficult to obtain specific data,” wrote Andrew Erickson, a professor at the U.S. Naval War College in Rhode Island. “Numbers related to budgeting and process efficiency in China’s relatively opaque defense industry unfortunately remain very difficult to investigate precisely using open sources.”
Still, if you count civilian and military ship-construction, it’s safe to say that China has the most extensive overall shipbuilding infrastructure of any country, Erickson pointed out. That’s because Chinese yards still build lots of commercial vessels, whereas American yards increasingly have focused on the boutique military market rather than trying to compete with big Asian shipbuilders with their cheaper labor, lighter regulation and deeper government subsidies.
The commercial shipbuilding “helps subsidize military production, an option closed to the United States given its paucity of commercial shipbuilding,” Erickson explained.
But that doesn’t mean the United States’s seven major commercial naval shipyards aren’t building a lot of ships. The U.S. Navy is in the second decade of slow but steady naval buildup that has expanded the front-line fleet from a low of around 270 major warships to 290 today. The fleet aims to grow to 350 or 355 manned and unmanned major warships in around a decade’s time.
Annual shipbuilding budgets totalling at least $20 billion have sustained this build-up. Today at Bath Iron Works in Maine, five Arleigh Burke-class destroyers and one Zumwalt-class destroyer are under construction. Another six Burkes are on order. The yard also is gearing up to start building new missile frigates.
Another four Burkes are under construction at Huntington-Ingalls’s shipyard in Mississippi. Meanwhile, the U.S. Navy recently cut its biggest-ever contracts with shipbuilders in Connecticut and Virginia for new nuclear-powered attack submarines and aircraft carriers.
Newer shipyards in Alabama and Wisconsin produce Littoral Combat Ships and fast transports. NASSCO, a shipyard in San Diego that mostly makes support ships, recently reported one of its biggest-ever production backlogs.
The American fleet expects to commission at least 59 new large warships through 2024. But that building spree might not look like much. It’s unclear how many of the new ships simultaneously might appear in a single photograph of a single shipyard.
The numbers tell a different story than one photo does. In 2019 the Chinese fleet possesses 624 warships, according to U.S. Navy commander Keith Patton, writing for the Center for International Maritime Security. The American fleet by contrast has 333 “battle force” ships.
Officially, the U.S. Navy operates just 290 ships. Patton based his own, bigger tally on the figures in the 2019 edition of Jane’s Fighting Ships, which includes some patrol boats and auxiliary vessels that the Navy leaves out.
But counting hulls can be misleading, Patton wrote. For one, American ships on average are much bigger than Chinese and Russian ships are. “When tonnage is used as the metric, the picture changes dramatically.” The U.S. fleet in total displaces 4.6 million tons of water. The Chinese fleet displaces 1.8 million tons.
Of course, a big ship can be lightly armed. A small ship can be heavily armed. “Very similar if not identical anti-ship missiles are carried by small patrol combatants and mounted on the largest combatants, sometimes in identical quantities (eight being a popular number),” Patton explained.
“While the defensive and damage control capabilities of larger vessels may be greater, it still seems likely that a few missile hits will knock most ships out of action, if not sink them. If missiles are the true measure of a fleet’s combat power, then neither tonnage nor hull count is an appropriate metric, because neither is directly related to a ship’s missile capabilities.”
So Patton compared fleets by weaponry, a metric he borrowed from former U.S. deputy defense secretary Bob Work. Patton only counted offensive “battle-force missiles” such as heavy anti-air missiles, anti-ship missiles and land-attack cruise missiles.
By that standard, the U.S. fleet can carry around 12,000 battle-force missiles. Chinese ships in total can carry 5,200 BFMs. Again, this disparity in naval force isn’t evident in a single photo. Nor is the even greater difference between the U.S. and Chinese fleets when it comes to naval air power. “The U.S. has an almost twentyfold advantage in fixed-wing aircraft operating from ships,” Patton explained.
In short, don’t get carried away trying to assess a country’s naval power on the basis of a single photograph.
David Axe serves as Defense Editor of the National Interest. He is the author of the graphic novels War Fix, War Is Boring and Machete Squad.
This will give a better idea.
See especially the antiship missiles
Note the DF100s antiship missiles . Revealed only in Oct 2019. Mach 5 and range of 1000 km.
https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/chinas-df-100-missile-good-enough-kill-americas-navy-96476
China got 3000++ of Mach 3s YJ-12 and YJ18 to throw against the 11 carriers USA want to bring to their self declared FONOP.
Or at least 300++ Mach 3s on each carrier group.
Assuming only 20 % of those will hit. So be assured that at least 10 missiles will hit the carrier and not just 1 missile.
And not just the warhead, there will be 2–3 tons of missiles coming behind the warhead at Mach 3 tearing into the bulkheads and ordnance and aviation fuel and the poor men and women in the carrier. Those 2–3 tons of missile body will be tearing in the bulkheads faster and more deadly then APFSDS. Andf carrying its own unburned fuel to add to the fun.
Even steel will burn when hit with hell fire and tons of steel and debris coming in at Mach 3. The aviation fuel, and paint on walls, the bombs and ordnance will all cook off and add to the huge huge fire inside the carrier. Regardless if carrier under Condition Zebra or Donkey or Jackass.
The brave sailors in those carriers will not care or worry and be happy that their carrier not sinking. And only burning and burning from one end to the other end.
"Illustration of U.S. and threat anti-ship missile ranges from Bryan Clark's CSBA monograph 'Commanding the Seas: A Plan to Reinvigorate U.S. Navy Surface Warfare' https://csbaonline.org/uploads/d...
And do not forget the DF-21Ds and DF-26Bs and the CM-401s
The U.S. Navy Won't Like China's New Ship-Killer Hypersonic Missile
China Reveals Short-Range Anti-Ship Ballistic Missile Designed To Dodge Enemy Defenses
Graphics associated with the CM-401 suggest it has a “porpoising” or “skip-glide” trajectory that involves the warhead abruptly pulling up at least once as it begins the terminal stage of its flight. This maneuver could extend the range of a ballistic weapon, but has only ever been used to give the warhead a much more irregular flight path and allow it to adjust its course.
China budget for military spending is 1.5% , or 175 billion USD. Not even at 2% as wanted by USA for her puppet countries like UK, France , Germany , Australia , Japan etc. USA budget for military spending is 686 billion USD or 3.5%
Just imagine if China military budget is at 2%, or like USA, at 3.5%
Further more, this is not like in the case of Germany during Hitler time. Werhmact had the Tigers tanks, a much better tank than Russia or USA or UK.
BUT
Germany manufactured only 5,966 tanks, as compared to 29,497 for the US, 7,476 for Britain, and an estimated 20,000 for the Soviet Union. And the results shown many many more will take out the best and the few.
In China now, not only the key assets got better reach and more bang then USA, China got more of them than USA.
Report: China has some of world’s most advanced weapons, remains ‘long way’ from US military
China’s been showing off a lot of new powerful weapons, and experts think they’re sending a message
Some Chinese military tech surpasses US, Pentagon admits
**Let us start with MRLS.**
Now China is as good if not better than Russians in rocket artillery.
Top 10 Multiple Launch Rocket Systems (Top 10 Multiple Launch Rocket Systems)
The PHL 03 is a Chinese artillery rocket system. It is a copy of the Soviet
Smerch (Smerch Multiple Launch Rocket System)
. It reportedly entered service with the Chinese army in 2004-2005. The PHL 03 is also being proposed for the export customers as the AR2. It has been exported to Morocco (one battalion with 36 units).
The PHL 03 has 12 tubes for 300 mm rockets. A standard rocket weights around 800 kg and has a 280 kg warhead. Maximum range of fire is 70-130 km depending on the warhead type. Though some sources report that rockets of this system has a maximum range of 150 km. Rockets are available with High Explosive Fragmentation (HE-FRAG), fuel-air explosive, and cluster warheads with anti-armor and anti-personnel submunitions. Cluster warheads may also carry self-targeting anti-tank munitions. A full salvo of this system could potentially cover an area of up to 67 hectares.
**Even though the PHL 03 is a Chinese version of the Smerch, it appears that Chinese overtook Russians in terms of rockets, as rockets of the PHL 03 have longer range than those of the Smerch. Manufacturers claim, that Chinese 300 mm rockets are not compatible with the Russian Smerch rockets as these use different propellant motors and components.**
USA is a distant third to Russia and China. Be that in rocket artillery or tube artillery.
China's PHL03, advanced Multiple Launch Rocket System (China's PHL03, advanced Multiple Launch Rocket System)
Various types of the 300 mm caliber rocket shells fired by the PHL03 are equipped with simple automatic correction system which allows more dense impact points. The impact point intensity doubles and the accuracy triples. In this way, a high kill probability with fewer rocket shells is possible.
Comparison with its peers
From the table above, it can be concluded that in terms of overall design, or in particular, the range, intensity, power, survivability and maneuverability, the PHL03 MLRS has a series of major breakthroughs compared with traditional rockets. Some of its aspects meet or even exceed the world's advanced level.
The service of the PHL03 Multiple Launch Rocket System has greatly enhanced the capability of remote fire support of the Chinese military. The operational performance of the system will continue to improve with the development of China's rocket shell technology. And it will become an indispensable remote firepower for the Chinese military.
**Chinese tube artillery**
Saudi Arabia uses Chinese NORINCO PLZ-45 self propelled howitzer for the clear advantage over that of the best of USA artillery. More accurate and longer reach than the best of USA artillery. And Saudi Arabia is USA captive country and yet refused to use USA artillery as that so inferior to China.
Saudis Use Chinese-made Cannons in Yemen (Saudis Use Chinese-made Cannons in Yemen)
Chinese designed and made their own GL5 APS for their battle tanks.
China unveils GL5 active protection system for main battle tanks
You will see photos of the missile warhead being taken out by the APS meters before the missile hit the tank .
USA got no equivalent despite their vast spendings , and had to go cap in hand to Israel to buy their Trophy system and mount it on their Abrahms.
**Explosives**
China also got the most powerful non-nuclear explosive. So a Chinese AShM carrying 500 kg semi armour piercing warhead might well be the equivalent of a 1,500 kg warhead of USA equivalent. And same for Chinese propellant.
Other than nuclear explosives, the most powerful are Semtex, HMX, or even the holy grail Octanitrocubane sought by the West in vain.
China leapt pass that into the N15 kind of explosive 10 to 100 times more powerful than TNT. N15 in propellent form is also used by China in her missiles .
In Chinese
军事深度_新浪军事_新浪网... (中国竟先于美推出高含能材料:重要程度堪比055下水)
**中国竟先于美推出高含能材料:重要程度堪比055下水**
2017年11月18日
Partial extract via
Google Translate (Google Translate)
In January 2017, China announced a new research result. The world's first all-anion anion salt was successfully synthesized. The related research papers have become China's first research paper in the field of energetic materials published in the international top science "science" , But also allow China to occupy a new generation of ultra-high-energy energetic materials to study the international high ground.
As all-nitrogen ultra-high energy material energy up to 10 to 100 times the TNT above, the power comparable to small nuclear bombs, with high density, high energy, clean and detonated pollution-free, nitrogen explosion products, stable and safe. Therefore, the main object of development.
More than 200 years ago, people isolated nitrogen from the air and later discovered nitrogen ions. Various theoretical calculations were made on all-nitrogen derivatives. However, the earliest synthesis was recorded in 1956. Before this century, It is considered a breakthrough and is currently under exploration. Its prospects have attracted the positive research from all countries.
**Shooting war in the sea will also have shooting war in the air and AWACs important to that air war.**
Husuo Batao's answer to Is it true that Chinese AWACS aircraft are 50 percent more efficient than those used by the USA? (Quora User's answer to Is it true that Chinese AWACS aircraft are 50 percent more efficient than those used by the USA?)
extract of above
Thanks a lot to all those that feared China and took steps to block her from the Israeli deal.
Thereby forcing China to do it by herself and thereby making even far better AWACs then those possessed by USA or Israel instead of merely being on par with USA /Israel.
Just like the fear that China supercomputers be better than USA and USA blocking sales of chips to be used on China supercomputer. China went on to design and made their own chips and China Supercomputers fastest in the world. Please do not tell me USA now hold the title for fastest supercomputer.
China decided not to enter her latest supercomputer in that Top500 to avoid yet more kneejerks from Dotard.
China said to play down US supercomputing rivalry amid trade war
As for Chinese AWACs, I am reposting Lin Xieyi from his July 2017 answer on How capable is Chinese AWACS system as compared to US or Israeli systems?
It was the successful efforts by the US in 2000 in pressurizing Israel and Russia not to export AWACs technology to China that prompted Beijing to embark on an intensive effort to develop advanced home-grown radar technology. Only when the KJ-2000 entered service in 2005 did China possess the capability to coordinate its air force in large-scale air battles while simultaneously tracking many enemy aircraft and ships. The speed of Chinese AWACS development overtook the speed of acquisition of AWACS by other countries - China completed the path of catching up and overtaking the West on AWACS research and by 2012, China became the world leader in AWACS aircraft in terms of stealth detection range and fixed rotodome design.
- Stealth detection Range : Although the US E-3 Sentry AWACS can detect/track 3rd-Gen military aircraft out to 400 km in range, it can only detect 4th and 5th Gen stealth aircraft out to 150 Km. On the other hand the Chinese KJ-500 (or KJ-2000) can detect 4th & 5th Gen stealth aircraft at 250 km range, giving it a heads-up in transmitting enemy aircraft info to escorting fighters.
- Fixed Rotodome design : The PLAAF’s current top-of-the-line AEWC&C system, the KJ-2000, is believed to be one full generation ahead of U.S. E-3 AWACS and E-2 Hawkeye aircraft. While the US AWACS are still using rotating rotodomes, the Chinese AWACS are using fixed rotodome which reduce wear and tear due to less moving mechanical parts.
Footnotes
[1] China’s Emerging C4ISR Revolution
Since then, China came up with even more powerful AWACS, aka KJ-600 Carrier Based AWACS .
Meet KJ-600, the aircraft that could help China's navy rival America's
And from Wuming Chan answer.
How much can one truly know how capable the Chinese AWACS systems can be?
Much of that might be secret until the time when that is being used to deliver good news to KC-135s and carriers and AWECs and other assets which is likely to be a lot less stealth than hoped for.
How difficult is it to detect stealth planes and to target them when the quality of radar Chinese are dealing with can be set to detect not just mosquitoes a few kilometers away.
Whether the mosquito is female or male will also be known.
Your stealth F35s or B1s B2s got smaller radar profile than a mosquito?
China Using Radar To Combat Mosquitoes
China is using military technology to wage war ... on mosquitoes
USA or Israeli got any systems able to do that?
Thank you USA for enforcing ban on China in purchasing that from Israel or other countries.
Forcing China to do it all on its own and leaving you either far behind or far far behind.
**And Chinese air weaponary. To splash the air tankers and AWACs and JSTAR USA rely on to direct the fight in the air. And the Stealth planes of USA.**
How China's Clever New Missile Could Cripple American Air Power
China's Mach 6 Monster Air-to-Air Missile Could Make the U.S. Air Force Come in for a ‘Crash Landing’
This is what USA Airforce Secretary got to say in 2018
Air Force secretary: China, Russia could shoot down new JSTARS on day one of a war
There will be no usable bases for USA airforce in Japan or Guam within the first 10 minutes of the war.
First Strike: China's Missile Threat to U.S. Bases in Asia
A Missile 'Pearl Harbor': How China Could Win a War Against America?
Missile Strikes on U.S. Bases in Asia: Is This China's Real Threat to America?
Those bases will all be hit and cratered by DFs with conventional warheads so planes cannot take off.
Go into above to see photos of strikes made by Chinese on model setups in the Western desert of China that represent hardened bunkers for planes and runways and dock settings with models of Burkes and Ticos and the bases HQs to see the pin point targetting of the DFs.
Naval assets and head quarters will all be hit and sunk and taken out of play.
Then Chinese cruise missiles will fly by the thousands to take out planes still stuck in those bases.
As for shooting war at the sea. And forgetting for time being the DF-21Ds and DF-26Bs and CM-401s that China have and figment of imagination in heads of USA Admirals.
Just on AShMs.
Xi Jinping's Rocket Force is nullifying U.S. military primacy in Asia
Apart from weapons covered by the INF Treaty where China has a monopoly, the PLA has other missiles in its arsenal that outperform their U.S. counterparts. These include two supersonic anti-ship cruise missiles, the YJ-12, with a range of 400 km, and the YJ-18, which can hit targets up to 540 km away.
To counter these missiles, the United States relies on its subsonic, Harpoon anti-ship missile which has been modified to give it a maximum range of about 240 km. “That is a very big gap,” said Haddick, who is also an adviser to the U.S. Special Operations Command. “China’s anti-ship missile capability exceeds those of the United States in terms of range, speed and sensor performance.”
The whole world will be watching Muricans kids lead by a Dotard and his demented side kicks Bolton and Pompeo carrying knives to indulge in their blood letting fantasies in a fucking gun fight with China, when China got the guns against the knives of Murican kids.
China has thousands of supersonic Mach 3 AShMs and thousands of subsonic stealth AShMs that then can sprint to Mach 3 within 40 km of the target.
And eyes above in satellite and high flying drones above and sonar devices on sea bed that will know every second where the carriers are and where they are heading to tell the AShMs where to hit.
dafeng cao@dafengcao
https://twitter.com/i/web/status/1038033917020786689
Truly god view, Jilin-1 video satellite shot @OneSpace01 OS-X1 suborbital rocket's launch at JSLC this noon.
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China got 3000++ of Mach 3s YJ-12 and YJ18 to throw against the 11 carriers USA want to bring to their self declared FONOP.
Or at least 300++ Mach 3s on each carrier group.
Assuming only 20 % of those will hit. So be assured that at least 10 missiles will hit the carrier and not just 1 missile.
And not just the warhead, there will be 2–3 tons of missiles coming behind the warhead at Mach 3 tearing into the bulkheads and ordnance and aviation fuel and the poor men and women in the carrier. Those 2–3 tons of missile body will be tearing in the bulkheads faster and more deadly then APFSDS. Andf carrying its own unburned fuel to add to the fun.
Even steel will burn when hit with hell fire and tons of steel and debris coming in at Mach 3. The aviation fuel, and paint on walls, the bombs and ordnance will all cook off and add to the huge huge fire inside the carrier. Regardless if carrier under Condition Zebra or Donkey or Jackass.
The brave sailors in those carriers will not care or worry and be happy that their carrier not sinking. And only burning and burning from one end to the other end.
"Illustration of U.S. and threat anti-ship missile ranges from Bryan Clark's CSBA monograph 'Commanding the Seas: A Plan to Reinvigorate U.S. Navy Surface Warfare' https://csbaonline.org/uploads/d...
And do not forget the DF-21Ds and DF-26Bs and the CM-401s
The U.S. Navy Won't Like China's New Ship-Killer Hypersonic Missile
China Reveals Short-Range Anti-Ship Ballistic Missile Designed To Dodge Enemy Defenses
Graphics associated with the CM-401 suggest it has a “porpoising” or “skip-glide” trajectory that involves the warhead abruptly pulling up at least once as it begins the terminal stage of its flight. This maneuver could extend the range of a ballistic weapon, but has only ever been used to give the warhead a much more irregular flight path and allow it to adjust its course.
CHINESE INTERNET
A Chinese graphic showing a ballistic missile with a skip-glide trajectory associated with the CM-401.
This, in turn, makes it harder for an opponent to try and intercept the warhead. The CM-401’s terminal speed, which CASIC says is between Mach 4 and 6, would also help it break through enemy defenses to reach its target. The launch platform reportedly has the ability to fire its two missiles on different trajectories against either one or two targets at once, again increasing the difficulty for the defender to respond to the incoming threat.
I cannot imagine the big brothers of CM-401 do not have that capability. Especially as the CM-401 build for the export market.
And what about hypersonic weapons?
The Chinese military in 2014 said it had conducted a hypersonic test flight. By early 2016, it had conducted six successful tests, according to U.S. military officials. How many more since then is anyone guess.
OedoSoldier@OedoSoldier
https://twitter.com/i/web/status/960745363018866688
中国の地上配備中間段階弾道ミサイル防衛試験の動画
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Starry Sky 2
More likely than not, Chinese hypersonic weapon systems already operational and deployed . USA equivalent still in the dreaming stages and going out to tender.
China leads U.S. on potent super-fast missiles
As for the really serious business that I hope never ever be used,
DF-41 - Wikipedia
The Dong Feng 41 (CSS-X-10) is a road- and rail-mobile intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). The DF-41 is currently in its final testing stages and will be the next land-based ballistic missile to be deployed in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). It is estimated to have an operational range of 12,000 to 15,000 km, which would make it the longest range missile in operation. It will likely have a top speed of Mach 25 and will be capable of delivering up to 10 MIRVed warheads.
The DF-41 is a three-stage solid-fueled intercontinental ballistic missile reported to have a maximum range of up to 15,000 kilometers (more than 9320 miles) and a top speed of Mach 25 (19,030 mph). It is said to be capable of carrying up to 10 multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle (MIRVs). Its launch preparation time is estimated to be between 3 to 5 minutes.
This would make the DF-41 the world's longest range missile, surpassing the range of the US LGM-30 Minuteman which has a reported range of 13,000 km.
As by Jan 2017, Chinese media have reported the deployment of three brigades of DF-41 ICBMs. There is photographic evidence of a possible fourth brigade of DF-41 ICBMs on the Tibetan plateau. However, we have only counted the number of DF-41 ICBM TELs (ie. Transporter Erector Launcher), or 4 X 12 TELs
It is inefficient to fire only one ballistic missile per launcher. It is more logical to fire two ballistic missiles per launcher. This process is called re-loading. A DF-41 TEL can either be re-loaded with another DF-41 ICBM missile nearby or the DF-41 TEL can drive to a hidden re-supply location for another DF-41 ICBM.
If you accept that China has one re-load missile for each DF-41 TEL then the total number of Chinese DF-41 ICBMs has to be doubled.
Four brigades of DF-41 ICBMs (Heilongjiang, Henan, Xinjiang, and Tibet Provinces) with one re-load per DF-41 TEL yields 96 total DF-41 ICBMs.
Reported DF-41 Deployment: China 'Responding to US Missile Defense in Asia'
Expert: DF-41 among most advanced missiles in the world
If China got only 260 thermonukes like what everyone is saying and hoping, the surplus warheads will be delivering dim sum and tea bags and cleaned pressed laundry from Chinese laundrymen.
Please remember DF-41 got a very big brother coming up as well in case you think DF-41 not worthy enough to deliver dim sum and tea bags and cleaned laundry.
Russia’s RS-28 “Sarmat” ten-ton payload, rated as the most dangerous ICBM . Reportedly it may carry up to fifteen 350 kiloton warheads, or up to twenty-four of the new “Avangard” nuclear-armed Hypersonic Glide Vehicle (HGV) warheads. Sarmat will be dwarfed by Chinese new missile with even larger twenty-ton payload. That will be solid-fuel space-launch vehicle (SLV), and could form the basis for what might become the world’s largest “mobile” ICBM.
The Next China Military Threat: The World's Biggest Mobile ICBM?
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