The USAF Academy operates just like Universities, with a wide range of subjects & courses, & is basic funded by the US govt, with a catch - undergrads who enrolls in it will have to serve a BOND with the USAF for limited years, & with emphasis on gradual military & pilot training over the years - from gliders, to parachutes to powered flight.
For those whom excel in academic subjects & military training, by the 3rd or 4th yr, they can choose the type of aircrafts that they wish to be trained & work with - from transports to jet fighters.
At the end of the 4 yrs course, when they graduate, they would obtain a Bachelor's degree, which would serve as a good back-up when their contract or Bond with USAF ends, to return to the private sector. The ultimate purpose of this Academy is to train up & groom military pilots for the USAF. After graduation, they would be assigned to USAF units across the country & World, and QUALIFIED to fly the kind of aircrafts that they chose or assigned with - from transports to fighter jets.
The United States Navy Strike Fighter Tactics Instructor program (SFTI program) or popularly known as TOP GUN is where only the top 1% experienced Naval aviation pilots are specially trained & prepared for combat operations. It's a 12 weeks course.
For USAF, they have something similar, known as the Red Flag School, where experienced US & allied pilots are sent to, to sharpen their flight & tactics combat skills within controlled realistic combat environments, lasting 2 weeks.