Permanent life insurance · Term life insurance · Universal life insurance · Variable universal life insurance · Whole life insurance
Both term insurance and permanent insurance use the exact same
mortality tables for calculating the cost of insurance, and a death benefit which is
income tax free, as long as the policy is in force and premiums are current; however, the premiums are substantially different.
The reason the costs are substantially different is that term programs may expire without paying out, while permanent programs must always pay out eventually. To address this, permanent programs have built in cash accumulation vehicles to force the insured to "self-insure", making the programs many times more expensive.
Insurance industry studies have shown that the probability of filing a death benefit claim under a term insurance policy is unlikely.<sup style="white-space: nowrap;" title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from February 2007" class="Template-Fact">[
citation needed]</sup> One study placed the percentage as low as 1% of policies paying a benefit. The low payout likelihood allows term insurance to be relatively inexpensive. The low payout percentage is a combination of there being a low likelihood (in the
aggregate) of a random, healthy person dying within a short period of time. Because of the low likelihood of an insurer having to pay a death benefit, term insurance seems better when considered in terms of coverage per premium dollar basis -
by a factor of up to 10.