posted, many folks must be taken aback at the killing, the torture, the suffering, the destruction, the immorality and what have you that God seems to sanction in the bible
, especially in the old testament (the part of the bible before Jesus Christ). How does this square with the Christian belief of a loving and just God ? Is God schizophrenic ? Let me share several perspectives that might provide some insights:
1. A DIFFERENT CULTURE & STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT - It is easy for a 21st century person to look back at the Israelites and condemn many of the practices that he reads. But we often forget that the Israelites lived in a very harsh dog-eat-dog world that was at a more 'primitive' stage of development. Brutal warfare was a fact of life; societies were more barbaric and the rule of law was often absent (forget about there being a UN or a police force to protect you). As such,
we need to understand the historical context of what we read and not simply pass judgement based on our modern ideas and standards of morality. Think about it - someone a hundred years from now may just look back at us and think that we are BEASTS for murdering hundreds of thousands of babies each year through abortions and having the death penalty for criminals, things that many of us today don't bat an eyelid on.
2. GOD'S PROGRESSIVE REVELATIONS - So why does the bible's old testament (before Jesus) depict God so differently from the bible's new testament (time of Jesus Christ and after) ? That is because
God was progressively leading the Israelites and mankind, in successive stages, towards the full realisation of his will. When society was still primitive, God had to use more primitive and blunt instruments and commands to guide the Israelites. For instance, instead of commanding the Israelites not to take pretty captive women as wives after they were victorious in battle, God's command was aimed at limiting the damage done, for example by placing restrictions on how Israel was to treat such women and giving them some measure of dignity, which was way better than the standards of the day. God might also for example set rules on how disputes between the Israelites were to be settled, rules that might seem barbaric to us, but it was preferable to having full-blown tribal warfare to settle the matter which was often the mentality back then.
However, as societies developed, God could continually 'raise the bar' so to speak until the time of Jesus Christ, when God (in the person of Jesus Christ) finally revealed his will for mankind. You could say that society had finally 'graduated' - still far from perfect but sophisticated enough to begin to grasp the true will of God. So for instance, Jesus (God) would tell his Jewish audience,
"You have heard that it was said, 'You shall love your neighbour and hate your enemy.' But I say to you, 'Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you," (Mat 5:43-44).
3. HYPERBOLE - We should also be
careful about taking everything that the bible says in a literalisatic fashion. Very often, bible authors would use hyperbole in their writing, ie: making exaggerations to emphasise a point. We still do it today. If I said that I was so hungry that I "cleaned out my plate". Does it mean that I literally ate every single bit of food on my plate ? Not necessarily so. Similarly, when we read things like the Israelites being commanded to wipe out a pagan nation, the author may not have meant that every person should literally be killed. He could have been trying to convey the danger of paganism to the faith of the Israelites. (Of course it could also be true that the command was indeed to kill every person, in which case please refer to points 1,2 and 4). Also, lacking the full understanding of God, the ancient Israelites in the old testament often attributed everything to God, both good and bad, even evil spirits. But thanks to the revelations given by Christ and his Church, we now have a finer understanding that although God does allow evil to occur as part of his overall plan, he does not actively cause evil. Such nuance would probably have been lost on the ancient Israelites
.
4. THE INNOCENT - But one might ask, "What of the innocent men, women and children unjustly tortured and killed in the old testament ?". Firstly, they may not always have been as innocent as we think. But even if they were, we have to understand that life is a gift from God (he created us and everything in this universe). If there are folks who have to suffer and die for a greater good,
that is God's prerogative. Being God, he could easily make it up to them for instance, by giving them infinite happiness in heaven. If we compare
infinite happiness with
finite pain and suffering on earth, we begin to understand that hey, it might not have been such a raw deal for those innocent people
.
I will not go through each and every bible verse posted in this thread. But the above clearly demonstrates that it
. It is only when we read the bible holistically, with an understanding of the historical and theological context of what we read; coupled with guidance provided by the Church that Jesus (God) established to carry on his redemptive mission; that we are then able to begin understanding and appreciating the true message that God has for us in the Gospel of Jesus Christ.