Nothing wrong with calling local Indians 'Keling'. SDP is just overblowing it up to create more drama for this GE.
Even Malays also call them 'Orange Keling' for decades. If not call them what? Apunehneh? In fact Apunehneh is also not a racial slur as explained by older Indian man himself LOL (see below).
Keling is a legitimate term for local Indian which in fact is term of respect linked to their past south India Kingdom Kalinga, nothing racists nor slurring. This term is also used in many local area names in Jurong (
Tanjong Kling Road) Penang (Kapitan Keling Mosque), Surabaya (Kampung Keling) and Bali (Budakeling)
Only PCB Kia Woke local Indian youngsters like Ariffin Sha (Wake Up SG founder) become overly sensitive by wrongly equating the term as a racial slur equivalent to 'nigger' for negros, all nonsense of their own making.
Let this old local Indian sexplain the meaning of Keling.
And this old Indian schooling a Woke young indian from Malaysia:
https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Keling
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The term "Keling" has a complex history in Singapore and Southeast Asia, rooted in cultural and historical interactions but has been wrongly regarded as a derogatory slur.
### Historical Origin of "Keling"
The term "Keling" derives from the ancient Indian kingdom of **
Kalinga**, located in present-day Odisha and parts of Andhra Pradesh, India. Kalinga was a powerful maritime and cultural hub from the 3rd century BCE, known for its trade networks across Southeast Asia, including the Malay Archipelago (modern-day Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, and Brunei). The term
"Keling" (or "Kling") emerged as an exonym in Southeast Asia to refer to people from the Indian subcontinent, particularly those associated with Kalinga’s trade diaspora.[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keling)
- **Etymology**: According to political scientist Sudama Misra,
"Keling" stems from "Kalinga," with the terminal schwa sound dropped in Malay usage. The term was initially a neutral descriptor for Indian traders, mariners, and settlers, not limited to Kalinga’s inhabitants but broadly
applied to South Indians, especially Tamils and Cholas.[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keling)[](https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Keling)
- **Earliest Usage**: The term appears in the **Sejarah Melayu** (Malay Annals), a 15th–16th-century text chronicling the Malacca Sultanate. It references "Raja Shulan," a king of "
Keling," and his descendant "Raja Chulan," identified by scholars as linked to the Chola dynasty of South India, not strictly Kalinga. The Annals use "Keling" positively, highlighting Indian influence in trade and politics, such as voyages to "Benua Keling" (the Indian subcontinent).[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keling)[](https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/a-keling-in-malaysia-and-proud-of-it-the-star-columnist)[](https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Keling)
- **Cultural Context**: Before the English term "India" was adopted,
"Keling" and "Jambu Dwipa" were Malay terms for India, with "Benua Keling" denoting the subcontinent. The term was a general reference to Indian people, not a specific ethnic or territorial group.[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keling)[](https://x.com/uglyluhan/status/1128918680023195648)
### Keling in Singapore’s Early History
Singapore’s history as a trading hub under the Malacca Sultanate and later British rule provides context for how "Keling" was first used locally:
- **Pre-Colonial Era (Before 1819)**: The **Sejarah Melayu** describes Indian traders, likely Tamils or Cholas, engaging with the Malay Peninsula and Temasek (early Singapore). The story of **Raja Suran**, a legendary Indian KING from the Kalinga region, is notable. He is said to have led a military expedition to the Malay Peninsula, defeating local rulers like Raja Chulan of Siam and marrying into local royalty. This narrative, while romanticized, underscores the term "Keling" as a marker of Indian influence, not a slur. The term was used respectfully to denote skilled mariners and traders from India.[](http://theindianheritage.blogspot.com/2015/02/the-kelings-in-history.html)[](https://x.com/H_Bakkaniy/status/1317318762073239552)
- **Colonial Era (1819–1945)**: Under British rule, Singapore became a melting pot of Indian, Chinese, and Malay communities. The British and Dutch referred to South Indian laborers and traders, particularly from Madras and the Coromandel Coast,
as "Klings" or "Clings." For example:[](https://worldofbuzz.com/4-ways-the-word-keling-was-used-back-then-and-why-its-not-okay-to-use-it-anymore/)[](https://en-academic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/1227410)
- A 1927 report in the *Singapore Free Press* suggested "Kling" derived from the clanking of chains worn by Indian convict laborers, but this is likely a folk etymology, as most Indians were indentured laborers, not convicts.[](https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/a-keling-in-malaysia-and-proud-of-it-the-star-columnist)
- The term was institutionalized in place
names like **Tanjong Kling Road** in Jurong and **Kapitan Keling Mosque** in Penang, where "Kapitan Keling" referred to a respected Indian community leader, such as Cauder Mohideen in the 1790s.[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keling)[](https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Keling)
- **Neutral Usage**:
In early Singapore, "Keling" was a neutral term in official and community contexts. For instance, the Hokkien phrase "Keling-a" or Malay "orang Keling" (Keling people) was used descriptively, akin to "orang Cina" for Chinese. The term appeared in street names (e.g., Penang’s Kiet-leng-a Ke) and was not inherently pejorative.[](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keling)[](https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Keling)
### Why "Keling" Was Considered Legitimate
Advocates for "Keling" as a non-racist term, particularly those citing its historical roots, argue:
1. **Historical Prestige**: The term’s link to the Kalinga kingdom, a maritime power under rulers like Ashoka, imbues it with cultural pride. The **Sejarah Melayu** portrays "Keling" as empire-builders, not laborers, reflecting a noble heritage. Some, like X user @maercaestro, argue it honors Indian civilization over colonial stereotypes of "estate workers."[](https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/a-keling-in-malaysia-and-proud-of-it-the-star-columnist)[](https://x.com/H_Bakkaniy/status/1317318762073239552)
2. **Regional Usage**:
In Indonesia, "Keling" retains a neutral connotation in places like **Kampung Keling** (Surabaya) or **Budakeling** (Bali), where it denotes Indian settlements without stigma. In Sabah and Sarawak, some communities use "Keling" neutrally, as confirmed by Reddit users describing it as a proper noun for Indian-run businesses.[](http://thegreatrawthers.blogspot.com/2015/09/colourful-history-of-racial-slurs.html)[](https://www.reddit.com/r/malaysia/comments/94bbj2/im_sorry_if_this_sounds_racist_but_is_keling_a/)
3. **
Community Self-Identification**:
Some Indian communities, particularly in Penang, historically used "Keling-lang" (Hokkien for Indian people) without offense. This suggests the term’s acceptability depended on context and intent.[](https://www.reddit.com/r/malaysia/comments/5ohvkz/how_and_why_did_keling_became_a_derogatory_term/)
4. **Mythical Prestige**: The **Sejarah Melayu** and Hikayat texts (e.g., Hikayat Hang Tuah) depict "Keling" figures as powerful, such as Raja Suran or Mani Puridan, a Muslim prince from Kalinga who advised the Malacca court.
These narratives frame "Keling" as a term of respect, tied to India’s cultural and Islamic contributions to the Malay world.[](https://worldofbuzz.com/4-ways-the-word-keling-was-used-back-then-and-why-its-not-okay-to-use-it-anymore/)[](http://theindianheritage.blogspot.com/2015/02/the-kelings-in-history.html)[](https://x.com/dewasaid/status/1447022474147753985)
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Source: Grok AI