What Son of a gun is this! @MACH 8 Magneto-Plasma projectiles can be fired from almost ANY SON OF A GUN!
https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-02-15/doc-ihrfqzka6112738.shtml
中国研全球首款磁化等离子火炮 弹丸时速达9000公里
中国研全球首款磁化等离子火炮 弹丸时速达9000公里
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2月14日，据最新发表的国内公开资料披露，我国军方正在进行新型磁化等离子火炮实验和测试系统的招标工作，这是继我军研发成功海军大口径电磁轨道炮（railgun）和陆军小口径电热化学炮（Electrothermal-chemical ，ETC）之后，又一公开亮相的新概念火炮（这一系列新概念火炮开创了人类火炮技术继火药发射前装炮技术、后膛装填线膛炮技术、制退复进技术之后的第三次革命）。由于磁化等离子火炮技术属于我国独创，其具体细节还处于保密状态，军事观察家根据国内发表的极少数公开资料，对此技术做一简单推测。纵观世界常规武器的发展史，现代火药的发明及其在武器上的应用，在本质上改变了战场的局面，并对世界格局产生了重大影响。经过长达百余年的发展，化学能武器已在常规武器中占据了统治地位。随着现代科技和武器工业的发展，化学能武器的初速和射程越来越高。然而根据弹药内弹道理论可以得知， 发射药燃气的极限速度和火炮的热效率决定了炮口弹丸的初速。
因此即使采用最新研制的火药，并大幅降低火药燃气的分子量，弹丸的初速度也难以超过2000米/秒（6倍音速）的速度。这是因为常规火炮发射的原理是通过高温高压火药气体膨胀推动弹丸向前运动，当气体膨胀的马赫数达到6倍音速时，火药气体会在炮膛内产生激波，而气体的密度、温度在激波处会大幅增加，对弹丸的推进力就会减小，这就是常规火炮初速难以超过2000米/秒的主要原因。欲使弹丸速度继续提高，需要火炮发射技术的发展与革新，于是电磁轨道炮和电热化学炮这两种新概念火炮就应运而生。电磁轨道炮是一种利用电磁力产生动能继而推进弹丸的动能杀伤武器，能达到极高的发射初速（理论上可以到达亚光速）。但电磁轨道炮完全放弃了火药产生的化学能，因此对大功率脉冲电源的产生和存贮技术要求极高。
目前来看，包括电源系统的整套电磁轨道炮装置体积极其庞大，而且价格昂贵，海军大型舰艇上或许能够装备，但很难在体积较小的陆军机动装甲目标上大规模普及，因此人们又同时在研制电热化学炮系统。该火炮以电弧放电生成等离子体的形式将电能释放到炮膛内， 同时引燃火炮装药；火药则以化学工质燃烧的形式释放热能，电能和热能共同作用使膛内气体极速膨胀，从而推动弹丸高速运动。输入的电能相当于提高了火药工质的含能密度，增加了对弹丸作功的能力，从而提高了弹药发射初速。然而人们在火炮实验中发现，电能和化学能很难做到互补，如果大幅增强电能，其体积比电磁轨道炮小不了多少；通过多次等离子体放电点火来增强火药燃烧效应也只能小幅提高炮口初速，并且存在很大的技术困难，目前电热化学炮的发展前景比较暗淡。
但在对电热化学炮的实验研究中，人们意外的发现，如果在火炮金属身管外加一磁场，火炮发射时产生的部分等离子体会被磁化，火炮身管的热烧蚀现象竟然会减少，并且随着磁场强度的增加，产生的热烧蚀也会越少，发射速度也有所增加。这种现象引起了我国科研人员的极大兴趣，经仔细研究原因后受此启发提出了磁化等离子体火炮构想。在火炮身管内添加高磁性材料或外置磁场发生器，从而使火炮发射时在身管内壁形成磁化等离子体鞘层，该磁化等离子体鞘层可对火炮产生如下作用：1、使火炮身管的吸热量大大降低，从而减少身管的热烧蚀；2、降低发射时火炮身管所受的径向力，延长身管寿命，并能够使身管适当的减小壁厚，增强机动性；3、增加发射时火药气体对弹丸的推力，由于火炮身管的吸热量的减少，火药气体的热损失较少，从而向外的做功增加。
4、磁流体的磁马赫数比一般马赫数小，身管中不易产生激波，火药气体热化效率降低，气体动能相对增加，从而使对弹丸的推力增加，增大了弹丸的出口速度。据初步计算，磁化等离子体坦克炮发射弹丸时，当高磁性材料磁场强度达到1T（特斯拉）时，火药气体温度为3700℃，压力为400兆帕，气体向身管传递的热量可降低60%，大幅减少高温高压气体对身管壁的烧蚀，同时火药气体对弹丸的推力可提高10兆帕，炮口初速可提高2.5%，其有效直射距离可增加数百米；当磁化等离子体自行大口径火炮发射弹丸时，外置的磁场发生器产生10T（特斯拉）的磁场，推力可提高大约100兆帕，可使火炮的初速突破常规火药气体6马赫的迟滞声速极限，或可接近目前电磁轨道炮2500米/秒的发射初速指标。
据公开资料披露，高强度磁场产生装置在国内外已经是已经极其成熟的工业化产品，例如最新研制的钕铁硼磁铁最大磁场强度已超过1.4T（特斯拉），医院用的人体核磁共振诊断装置最大磁场强度已达3T-4T（特斯拉），工业及科学研究上应用的核磁共振波谱仪磁场可达11.74T（特斯拉），我国中科院合肥物质科学研究院已研制出磁场强度达42.9T（特斯拉）的稳态强磁场，并正在研制45T（特斯拉）的世界第一稳态强磁场。如果新型磁化等离子火炮实验效果和科学家们构想中的一样，这种新概念火炮或许在不远的将来会大量装备我军装甲兵和炮兵部队。（作者署名：土星轨道观察室）
https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-02-15/doc-ihrfqzka5927044.shtml
我军已下单采购磁化等离子体火炮 这是什么黑科技
我军已下单采购磁化等离子体火炮 这是什么黑科技
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春节假期已过，大家也都陆续回到了各自的工作岗位上，开始了新的一年工作。2月13日，一则关于全军武器装备采购信息的公告资讯在网络上流传开来，这则公告里包含了大量高技术装备的信息，其中甚至出现了“等离子体火炮”的字样，这难道是解放军又一项黑科技？
可以看到，这次公开的21条采购公告信息中，有2条公告涉及到“磁化等离子火炮”，分别是《磁化等离子体火炮原理试验测试系统》《磁化等离子体火炮原理试验发射系统招标公告》。“磁化等离子体火炮”，这个名词听起来就像是跟激光炮、电磁炮一样的未来派科幻武器，那这种武器究竟是怎么回事？
其实在2018年9月11日国内发布的一篇技术专利中，对“磁化等离子体火炮”的原理做出了解释。这是在常规化学能火炮上，沿着炮管设置磁场，磁场方向沿着身管轴线方向指向炮口，磁场强度按一定规律衰减分布。当火炮发射时，在磁场的作用下，身管内的气体能够电离成等离子体，在内壁上形成等离子体鞘层。
这薄薄一层等离子体鞘层的作用很不简单，具有明显的隔热作用，还能呈现压力各向异性特征。讲通俗一点，在发射瞬间产生一团等离子体包裹住炮弹，“护送”炮弹飞出炮管，可以大幅减少炮管所受径向力，不仅减少摩擦，还能减少炮管内壁的氧化，提高火炮使用寿命。
换句话说，所谓“磁化等离子体火炮”，就是用等离子体技术改善的常规火炮，并不是激光炮、电磁炮那样的新概念武器。但可不能因此小瞧了这门技术，研究和运用等离子体，是只有少数几个强国才有资格进行的高端“黑科技”。国内相关公开文献已经表明，“磁化等离子体火炮”已经在某型主战坦克上安装试验，取得了非常可喜的成果。
105MM坦克炮膛线
除此之外，国内在航空飞行器隐身、新型热障材料研制、高超音速风洞等方面，都对等离子体进行了深入研究和应用，成果卓著。很显然，中国在等离子体技术方面已经有很深的造诣。也期待中国的军工科技再接再厉，未来将有更多的“黑科技”呈现在世人面前。（作者署名：妹子杨）
中国电磁炮上舰试验
Https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-02-15/doc-ihrfqzka6112738.shtml
China's first magnetized plasma gun in the world, with a speed of 9,000 kilometers per hour.
China's first magnetized plasma gun in the world, with a speed of 9,000 kilometers per hour.
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On February 14, according to the latest published domestic public information disclosure, the Chinese military is conducting a tender for the new magnetized plasma gun experiment and test system. This is the successful development of the Navy large-caliber electromagnetic railgun (railgun) and the army. After the Electrothermal-chemical (ETC), another new concept artillery that was unveiled (this series of new concept artillery guns created the human artillery technology, followed by the gunpowder technology before the gunpowder launch, the smashing line of the smashing gun technology, the retreat The third revolution after the reintroduction technique). Because the magnetized plasma artillery technology belongs to China's original creation, its specific details are still in a state of secrecy. Military observers make a simple speculation on this technology based on very few publicly available materials published in China. Throughout the history of the development of conventional weapons in the world, the invention of modern gunpowder and its application in weapons have essentially changed the situation on the battlefield and have had a major impact on the world pattern. After more than a hundred years of development, chemical weapons have dominated conventional weapons. With the development of modern technology and weapons industry, the initial velocity and range of chemical energy weapons are getting higher and higher. However, according to the internal ballistic theory of ammunition, it can be known that the ultimate speed of the propellant gas and the thermal efficiency of the artillery determine the initial velocity of the muzzle projectile.
Therefore, even with the newly developed gunpowder and greatly reducing the molecular weight of the gunpowder gas, the initial velocity of the projectile is difficult to exceed the speed of 2000 m/s (6 times the speed of sound). This is because the principle of conventional artillery launching is to push the projectile forward by the expansion of high-temperature and high-pressure gunpowder gas. When the Mach number of gas expansion reaches 6 times the speed of sound, the gunpowder gas will generate shock waves in the gun, and the density and temperature of the gas are The shock wave will increase greatly, and the propulsion force of the projectile will be reduced. This is the main reason why the conventional artillery initial velocity is difficult to exceed 2000 m/s. In order to continue to improve the speed of projectiles, the development and innovation of artillery launching technology is required. Therefore, two new concept artillery guns, such as electromagnetic railguns and electrothermal chemical guns, have emerged. The electromagnetic railgun is a kind of kinetic energy killing weapon that uses electromagnetic force to generate kinetic energy and then propels the projectile. It can reach a very high initial velocity of launch (theoretically, it can reach the speed of sub-light). However, the electromagnetic rail gun completely abandons the chemical energy generated by the gunpowder, so the production and storage technology of the high-power pulse power source is extremely demanding.
At present, the entire electromagnetic railgun device including the power system is extremely large and expensive, and may be equipped on a large navy ship, but it is difficult to spread on a small army armor target, so people simultaneously In the development of electrothermal chemical gun system. The gun releases electrical energy into the cannon in the form of a plasma generated by arc discharge, and at the same time ignites the gun to charge the gun; the gunpowder releases the heat energy in the form of chemical combustion, and the electric energy and the heat energy act together to accelerate the gas in the crucible, thereby promoting The projectile moves at high speed. The input of electric energy is equivalent to increasing the energy density of the gunpowder working substance, increasing the ability to work on the projectile, thereby increasing the initial velocity of the ammunition. However, in the artillery experiment, it is found that electric energy and chemical energy are difficult to complement each other. If the electric energy is greatly enhanced, its volume is not much smaller than that of the electromagnetic orbital gun. The effect of multiple plasma discharge ignition to enhance the combustion effect of the gunpowder can only be slightly improved. The muzzle has an initial velocity and there are great technical difficulties. At present, the development prospect of electrothermal chemical guns is dim.
However, in the experimental research on the electrothermal chemical gun, it was unexpectedly discovered that if a magnetic field is applied to the metal tube of the artillery, part of the plasma generated during the firing of the artillery will be magnetized, and the thermal ablation of the barrel of the gun will be reduced, and As the strength of the magnetic field increases, less thermal ablation occurs and the emission speed increases. This phenomenon has aroused great interest from researchers in China. After careful study of the reasons, this paper inspired the idea of magnetized plasma artillery. A high magnetic material or an external magnetic field generator is added in the barrel of the gun to form a magnetized plasma sheath on the inner wall of the barrel when the gun is fired. The magnetized plasma sheath can have the following effects on the gun: 1. The heat absorption is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the thermal ablation of the body tube; 2. reducing the radial force of the barrel of the gun during firing, prolonging the life of the body tube, and enabling the body tube to appropriately reduce the wall thickness and enhance the maneuver 3. Increase the thrust of the gunpowder gas on the projectile during launch. Due to the decrease in the heat absorption of the gun barrel, the heat loss of the gunpowder gas is less, and the outward work is increased.
4. The magnetic Mach number of the magnetic fluid is smaller than the general Mach number, the shock wave is not easy to be generated in the body tube, the heating efficiency of the gunpowder gas is lowered, and the gas kinetic energy is relatively increased, so that the thrust of the projectile is increased, and the exit velocity of the projectile is increased. According to preliminary calculations, when the magnetized plasma tank gun launches the projectile, when the magnetic field strength of the high magnetic material reaches 1T (Tesla), the temperature of the gunpowder gas is 3700 ° C, the pressure is 400 MPa, and the heat transferred by the gas to the barrel can be reduced. 60%, greatly reducing the ablation of the wall of the tube by high temperature and high pressure gas, while the thrust of the gunpowder gas on the projectile can be increased by 10 MPa, the initial velocity of the muzzle can be increased by 2.5%, and the effective direct range can be increased by several hundred meters; when the magnetization plasma When the self-propelled large-caliber artillery fires a projectile, the external magnetic field generator generates a 10T (Tesla) magnetic field, and the thrust can be increased by about 100 MPa, which can make the initial velocity of the artillery break the hysteresis speed limit of Mach 6 of the conventional powder gas, or It can be close to the current initial velocity index of 2500 m/s of electromagnetic orbital gun.
According to public information, high-intensity magnetic field generating devices are already very mature industrial products at home and abroad. For example, the newly developed NdFeB magnets have a maximum magnetic field strength of more than 1.4T (Tesla), and human nuclear magnetic resonance diagnosis for hospitals. The maximum magnetic field strength of the device has reached 3T-4T (Tesla), and the magnetic field of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer applied in industry and scientific research can reach 11.74T (Tesla). The Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Institute of Material Science has developed magnetic field strength. The steady-state strong magnetic field of 42.9T (Tesla) is developing the world's first steady-state strong magnetic field of 45T (Tesla). If the experimental results of the new magnetized plasma artillery are the same as those conceived by scientists, this new concept artillery may be equipped with a large number of armored and artillery units in the near future. (Author's signature: Saturn Orbital Observation Room)
Https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-02-15/doc-ihrfqzka5927044.shtml
Our army has ordered the purchase of magnetized plasma artillery. What is this black technology?
Our army has ordered the purchase of magnetized plasma artillery. What is this black technology?
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The Spring Festival holiday has passed, and everyone has returned to their respective jobs and started a new year. On February 13th, an announcement about the procurement information of weapons and equipment of the whole army was spread on the Internet. This announcement contains a lot of information on high-tech equipment, and even the words "plasma artillery" appeared. Is it another black technology of the People's Liberation Army?
It can be seen that two of the 21 procurement announcements disclosed this time involve "magnetized plasma artillery", which are respectively "Magnetized Plasma Artillery Principle Test and Test System" and "Magnetized Plasma Artillery Principle Test Launch System Tender Notice" 》. "Magnetized Plasma Artillery", the term sounds like a futuristic sci-fi weapon like a laser cannon or an electromagnetic gun. What is the weapon?
In fact, in a technical patent released on September 11, 2018, the principle of "magnetized plasma artillery" was explained. This is on a conventional chemical energy gun, a magnetic field is placed along the barrel, and the direction of the magnetic field is directed to the muzzle along the axis of the barrel. The strength of the magnetic field is attenuated according to a certain law. When the artillery is fired, the gas inside the body tube can be ionized into a plasma under the action of a magnetic field, forming a plasma sheath on the inner wall.
This thin layer of plasma sheath is not simple, has significant thermal insulation, and exhibits pressure anisotropy. Generally speaking, a beam of plasma is wrapped around the projectile at the moment of launch, and the "escort" projectile flies out of the barrel, which can greatly reduce the radial force on the barrel, not only reduce friction, but also reduce the oxidation of the inner wall of the barrel. The life of the gun.
In other words, the so-called "magnetized plasma artillery" is a conventional artillery improved by plasma technology, not a new concept weapon such as a laser cannon or an electromagnetic gun. However, it is not possible to underestimate this technology, research and use of plasma, is a high-end "black technology" that only a few strong countries are qualified to carry out. The relevant domestic published literature has shown that the "magnetized plasma artillery" has been installed on a certain type of main battle tank and has achieved very gratifying results.
105MM tank gun line
In addition, the domestic research and application of plasma in the stealth of aviation aircraft, the development of new thermal barrier materials, and the hypersonic wind tunnel have made outstanding achievements. Obviously, China has a deep knowledge of plasma technology. It is also expected that China's military technology will continue to work harder. In the future, more "black technology" will be presented to the world. (Author's signature: sister Yang)
Chinese electromagnetic gun on the ship test
https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-02-15/doc-ihrfqzka6112738.shtml
中国研全球首款磁化等离子火炮 弹丸时速达9000公里
中国研全球首款磁化等离子火炮 弹丸时速达9000公里
181
2月14日，据最新发表的国内公开资料披露，我国军方正在进行新型磁化等离子火炮实验和测试系统的招标工作，这是继我军研发成功海军大口径电磁轨道炮（railgun）和陆军小口径电热化学炮（Electrothermal-chemical ，ETC）之后，又一公开亮相的新概念火炮（这一系列新概念火炮开创了人类火炮技术继火药发射前装炮技术、后膛装填线膛炮技术、制退复进技术之后的第三次革命）。由于磁化等离子火炮技术属于我国独创，其具体细节还处于保密状态，军事观察家根据国内发表的极少数公开资料，对此技术做一简单推测。纵观世界常规武器的发展史，现代火药的发明及其在武器上的应用，在本质上改变了战场的局面，并对世界格局产生了重大影响。经过长达百余年的发展，化学能武器已在常规武器中占据了统治地位。随着现代科技和武器工业的发展，化学能武器的初速和射程越来越高。然而根据弹药内弹道理论可以得知， 发射药燃气的极限速度和火炮的热效率决定了炮口弹丸的初速。
因此即使采用最新研制的火药，并大幅降低火药燃气的分子量，弹丸的初速度也难以超过2000米/秒（6倍音速）的速度。这是因为常规火炮发射的原理是通过高温高压火药气体膨胀推动弹丸向前运动，当气体膨胀的马赫数达到6倍音速时，火药气体会在炮膛内产生激波，而气体的密度、温度在激波处会大幅增加，对弹丸的推进力就会减小，这就是常规火炮初速难以超过2000米/秒的主要原因。欲使弹丸速度继续提高，需要火炮发射技术的发展与革新，于是电磁轨道炮和电热化学炮这两种新概念火炮就应运而生。电磁轨道炮是一种利用电磁力产生动能继而推进弹丸的动能杀伤武器，能达到极高的发射初速（理论上可以到达亚光速）。但电磁轨道炮完全放弃了火药产生的化学能，因此对大功率脉冲电源的产生和存贮技术要求极高。
目前来看，包括电源系统的整套电磁轨道炮装置体积极其庞大，而且价格昂贵，海军大型舰艇上或许能够装备，但很难在体积较小的陆军机动装甲目标上大规模普及，因此人们又同时在研制电热化学炮系统。该火炮以电弧放电生成等离子体的形式将电能释放到炮膛内， 同时引燃火炮装药；火药则以化学工质燃烧的形式释放热能，电能和热能共同作用使膛内气体极速膨胀，从而推动弹丸高速运动。输入的电能相当于提高了火药工质的含能密度，增加了对弹丸作功的能力，从而提高了弹药发射初速。然而人们在火炮实验中发现，电能和化学能很难做到互补，如果大幅增强电能，其体积比电磁轨道炮小不了多少；通过多次等离子体放电点火来增强火药燃烧效应也只能小幅提高炮口初速，并且存在很大的技术困难，目前电热化学炮的发展前景比较暗淡。
但在对电热化学炮的实验研究中，人们意外的发现，如果在火炮金属身管外加一磁场，火炮发射时产生的部分等离子体会被磁化，火炮身管的热烧蚀现象竟然会减少，并且随着磁场强度的增加，产生的热烧蚀也会越少，发射速度也有所增加。这种现象引起了我国科研人员的极大兴趣，经仔细研究原因后受此启发提出了磁化等离子体火炮构想。在火炮身管内添加高磁性材料或外置磁场发生器，从而使火炮发射时在身管内壁形成磁化等离子体鞘层，该磁化等离子体鞘层可对火炮产生如下作用：1、使火炮身管的吸热量大大降低，从而减少身管的热烧蚀；2、降低发射时火炮身管所受的径向力，延长身管寿命，并能够使身管适当的减小壁厚，增强机动性；3、增加发射时火药气体对弹丸的推力，由于火炮身管的吸热量的减少，火药气体的热损失较少，从而向外的做功增加。
4、磁流体的磁马赫数比一般马赫数小，身管中不易产生激波，火药气体热化效率降低，气体动能相对增加，从而使对弹丸的推力增加，增大了弹丸的出口速度。据初步计算，磁化等离子体坦克炮发射弹丸时，当高磁性材料磁场强度达到1T（特斯拉）时，火药气体温度为3700℃，压力为400兆帕，气体向身管传递的热量可降低60%，大幅减少高温高压气体对身管壁的烧蚀，同时火药气体对弹丸的推力可提高10兆帕，炮口初速可提高2.5%，其有效直射距离可增加数百米；当磁化等离子体自行大口径火炮发射弹丸时，外置的磁场发生器产生10T（特斯拉）的磁场，推力可提高大约100兆帕，可使火炮的初速突破常规火药气体6马赫的迟滞声速极限，或可接近目前电磁轨道炮2500米/秒的发射初速指标。
据公开资料披露，高强度磁场产生装置在国内外已经是已经极其成熟的工业化产品，例如最新研制的钕铁硼磁铁最大磁场强度已超过1.4T（特斯拉），医院用的人体核磁共振诊断装置最大磁场强度已达3T-4T（特斯拉），工业及科学研究上应用的核磁共振波谱仪磁场可达11.74T（特斯拉），我国中科院合肥物质科学研究院已研制出磁场强度达42.9T（特斯拉）的稳态强磁场，并正在研制45T（特斯拉）的世界第一稳态强磁场。如果新型磁化等离子火炮实验效果和科学家们构想中的一样，这种新概念火炮或许在不远的将来会大量装备我军装甲兵和炮兵部队。（作者署名：土星轨道观察室）
https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-02-15/doc-ihrfqzka5927044.shtml
我军已下单采购磁化等离子体火炮 这是什么黑科技
我军已下单采购磁化等离子体火炮 这是什么黑科技
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春节假期已过，大家也都陆续回到了各自的工作岗位上，开始了新的一年工作。2月13日，一则关于全军武器装备采购信息的公告资讯在网络上流传开来，这则公告里包含了大量高技术装备的信息，其中甚至出现了“等离子体火炮”的字样，这难道是解放军又一项黑科技？
可以看到，这次公开的21条采购公告信息中，有2条公告涉及到“磁化等离子火炮”，分别是《磁化等离子体火炮原理试验测试系统》《磁化等离子体火炮原理试验发射系统招标公告》。“磁化等离子体火炮”，这个名词听起来就像是跟激光炮、电磁炮一样的未来派科幻武器，那这种武器究竟是怎么回事？
其实在2018年9月11日国内发布的一篇技术专利中，对“磁化等离子体火炮”的原理做出了解释。这是在常规化学能火炮上，沿着炮管设置磁场，磁场方向沿着身管轴线方向指向炮口，磁场强度按一定规律衰减分布。当火炮发射时，在磁场的作用下，身管内的气体能够电离成等离子体，在内壁上形成等离子体鞘层。
这薄薄一层等离子体鞘层的作用很不简单，具有明显的隔热作用，还能呈现压力各向异性特征。讲通俗一点，在发射瞬间产生一团等离子体包裹住炮弹，“护送”炮弹飞出炮管，可以大幅减少炮管所受径向力，不仅减少摩擦，还能减少炮管内壁的氧化，提高火炮使用寿命。
换句话说，所谓“磁化等离子体火炮”，就是用等离子体技术改善的常规火炮，并不是激光炮、电磁炮那样的新概念武器。但可不能因此小瞧了这门技术，研究和运用等离子体，是只有少数几个强国才有资格进行的高端“黑科技”。国内相关公开文献已经表明，“磁化等离子体火炮”已经在某型主战坦克上安装试验，取得了非常可喜的成果。
105MM坦克炮膛线
除此之外，国内在航空飞行器隐身、新型热障材料研制、高超音速风洞等方面，都对等离子体进行了深入研究和应用，成果卓著。很显然，中国在等离子体技术方面已经有很深的造诣。也期待中国的军工科技再接再厉，未来将有更多的“黑科技”呈现在世人面前。（作者署名：妹子杨）
中国电磁炮上舰试验
Https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-02-15/doc-ihrfqzka6112738.shtml
China's first magnetized plasma gun in the world, with a speed of 9,000 kilometers per hour.
China's first magnetized plasma gun in the world, with a speed of 9,000 kilometers per hour.
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On February 14, according to the latest published domestic public information disclosure, the Chinese military is conducting a tender for the new magnetized plasma gun experiment and test system. This is the successful development of the Navy large-caliber electromagnetic railgun (railgun) and the army. After the Electrothermal-chemical (ETC), another new concept artillery that was unveiled (this series of new concept artillery guns created the human artillery technology, followed by the gunpowder technology before the gunpowder launch, the smashing line of the smashing gun technology, the retreat The third revolution after the reintroduction technique). Because the magnetized plasma artillery technology belongs to China's original creation, its specific details are still in a state of secrecy. Military observers make a simple speculation on this technology based on very few publicly available materials published in China. Throughout the history of the development of conventional weapons in the world, the invention of modern gunpowder and its application in weapons have essentially changed the situation on the battlefield and have had a major impact on the world pattern. After more than a hundred years of development, chemical weapons have dominated conventional weapons. With the development of modern technology and weapons industry, the initial velocity and range of chemical energy weapons are getting higher and higher. However, according to the internal ballistic theory of ammunition, it can be known that the ultimate speed of the propellant gas and the thermal efficiency of the artillery determine the initial velocity of the muzzle projectile.
Therefore, even with the newly developed gunpowder and greatly reducing the molecular weight of the gunpowder gas, the initial velocity of the projectile is difficult to exceed the speed of 2000 m/s (6 times the speed of sound). This is because the principle of conventional artillery launching is to push the projectile forward by the expansion of high-temperature and high-pressure gunpowder gas. When the Mach number of gas expansion reaches 6 times the speed of sound, the gunpowder gas will generate shock waves in the gun, and the density and temperature of the gas are The shock wave will increase greatly, and the propulsion force of the projectile will be reduced. This is the main reason why the conventional artillery initial velocity is difficult to exceed 2000 m/s. In order to continue to improve the speed of projectiles, the development and innovation of artillery launching technology is required. Therefore, two new concept artillery guns, such as electromagnetic railguns and electrothermal chemical guns, have emerged. The electromagnetic railgun is a kind of kinetic energy killing weapon that uses electromagnetic force to generate kinetic energy and then propels the projectile. It can reach a very high initial velocity of launch (theoretically, it can reach the speed of sub-light). However, the electromagnetic rail gun completely abandons the chemical energy generated by the gunpowder, so the production and storage technology of the high-power pulse power source is extremely demanding.
At present, the entire electromagnetic railgun device including the power system is extremely large and expensive, and may be equipped on a large navy ship, but it is difficult to spread on a small army armor target, so people simultaneously In the development of electrothermal chemical gun system. The gun releases electrical energy into the cannon in the form of a plasma generated by arc discharge, and at the same time ignites the gun to charge the gun; the gunpowder releases the heat energy in the form of chemical combustion, and the electric energy and the heat energy act together to accelerate the gas in the crucible, thereby promoting The projectile moves at high speed. The input of electric energy is equivalent to increasing the energy density of the gunpowder working substance, increasing the ability to work on the projectile, thereby increasing the initial velocity of the ammunition. However, in the artillery experiment, it is found that electric energy and chemical energy are difficult to complement each other. If the electric energy is greatly enhanced, its volume is not much smaller than that of the electromagnetic orbital gun. The effect of multiple plasma discharge ignition to enhance the combustion effect of the gunpowder can only be slightly improved. The muzzle has an initial velocity and there are great technical difficulties. At present, the development prospect of electrothermal chemical guns is dim.
However, in the experimental research on the electrothermal chemical gun, it was unexpectedly discovered that if a magnetic field is applied to the metal tube of the artillery, part of the plasma generated during the firing of the artillery will be magnetized, and the thermal ablation of the barrel of the gun will be reduced, and As the strength of the magnetic field increases, less thermal ablation occurs and the emission speed increases. This phenomenon has aroused great interest from researchers in China. After careful study of the reasons, this paper inspired the idea of magnetized plasma artillery. A high magnetic material or an external magnetic field generator is added in the barrel of the gun to form a magnetized plasma sheath on the inner wall of the barrel when the gun is fired. The magnetized plasma sheath can have the following effects on the gun: 1. The heat absorption is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the thermal ablation of the body tube; 2. reducing the radial force of the barrel of the gun during firing, prolonging the life of the body tube, and enabling the body tube to appropriately reduce the wall thickness and enhance the maneuver 3. Increase the thrust of the gunpowder gas on the projectile during launch. Due to the decrease in the heat absorption of the gun barrel, the heat loss of the gunpowder gas is less, and the outward work is increased.
4. The magnetic Mach number of the magnetic fluid is smaller than the general Mach number, the shock wave is not easy to be generated in the body tube, the heating efficiency of the gunpowder gas is lowered, and the gas kinetic energy is relatively increased, so that the thrust of the projectile is increased, and the exit velocity of the projectile is increased. According to preliminary calculations, when the magnetized plasma tank gun launches the projectile, when the magnetic field strength of the high magnetic material reaches 1T (Tesla), the temperature of the gunpowder gas is 3700 ° C, the pressure is 400 MPa, and the heat transferred by the gas to the barrel can be reduced. 60%, greatly reducing the ablation of the wall of the tube by high temperature and high pressure gas, while the thrust of the gunpowder gas on the projectile can be increased by 10 MPa, the initial velocity of the muzzle can be increased by 2.5%, and the effective direct range can be increased by several hundred meters; when the magnetization plasma When the self-propelled large-caliber artillery fires a projectile, the external magnetic field generator generates a 10T (Tesla) magnetic field, and the thrust can be increased by about 100 MPa, which can make the initial velocity of the artillery break the hysteresis speed limit of Mach 6 of the conventional powder gas, or It can be close to the current initial velocity index of 2500 m/s of electromagnetic orbital gun.
According to public information, high-intensity magnetic field generating devices are already very mature industrial products at home and abroad. For example, the newly developed NdFeB magnets have a maximum magnetic field strength of more than 1.4T (Tesla), and human nuclear magnetic resonance diagnosis for hospitals. The maximum magnetic field strength of the device has reached 3T-4T (Tesla), and the magnetic field of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer applied in industry and scientific research can reach 11.74T (Tesla). The Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Institute of Material Science has developed magnetic field strength. The steady-state strong magnetic field of 42.9T (Tesla) is developing the world's first steady-state strong magnetic field of 45T (Tesla). If the experimental results of the new magnetized plasma artillery are the same as those conceived by scientists, this new concept artillery may be equipped with a large number of armored and artillery units in the near future. (Author's signature: Saturn Orbital Observation Room)
Https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-02-15/doc-ihrfqzka5927044.shtml
Our army has ordered the purchase of magnetized plasma artillery. What is this black technology?
Our army has ordered the purchase of magnetized plasma artillery. What is this black technology?
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The Spring Festival holiday has passed, and everyone has returned to their respective jobs and started a new year. On February 13th, an announcement about the procurement information of weapons and equipment of the whole army was spread on the Internet. This announcement contains a lot of information on high-tech equipment, and even the words "plasma artillery" appeared. Is it another black technology of the People's Liberation Army?
It can be seen that two of the 21 procurement announcements disclosed this time involve "magnetized plasma artillery", which are respectively "Magnetized Plasma Artillery Principle Test and Test System" and "Magnetized Plasma Artillery Principle Test Launch System Tender Notice" 》. "Magnetized Plasma Artillery", the term sounds like a futuristic sci-fi weapon like a laser cannon or an electromagnetic gun. What is the weapon?
In fact, in a technical patent released on September 11, 2018, the principle of "magnetized plasma artillery" was explained. This is on a conventional chemical energy gun, a magnetic field is placed along the barrel, and the direction of the magnetic field is directed to the muzzle along the axis of the barrel. The strength of the magnetic field is attenuated according to a certain law. When the artillery is fired, the gas inside the body tube can be ionized into a plasma under the action of a magnetic field, forming a plasma sheath on the inner wall.
This thin layer of plasma sheath is not simple, has significant thermal insulation, and exhibits pressure anisotropy. Generally speaking, a beam of plasma is wrapped around the projectile at the moment of launch, and the "escort" projectile flies out of the barrel, which can greatly reduce the radial force on the barrel, not only reduce friction, but also reduce the oxidation of the inner wall of the barrel. The life of the gun.
In other words, the so-called "magnetized plasma artillery" is a conventional artillery improved by plasma technology, not a new concept weapon such as a laser cannon or an electromagnetic gun. However, it is not possible to underestimate this technology, research and use of plasma, is a high-end "black technology" that only a few strong countries are qualified to carry out. The relevant domestic published literature has shown that the "magnetized plasma artillery" has been installed on a certain type of main battle tank and has achieved very gratifying results.
105MM tank gun line
In addition, the domestic research and application of plasma in the stealth of aviation aircraft, the development of new thermal barrier materials, and the hypersonic wind tunnel have made outstanding achievements. Obviously, China has a deep knowledge of plasma technology. It is also expected that China's military technology will continue to work harder. In the future, more "black technology" will be presented to the world. (Author's signature: sister Yang)
Chinese electromagnetic gun on the ship test
