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Peaceful Xijinping Rocket Army began World Largest Ever ICBM Confrontation War Game! Nuke! Nuke! Nuk

war is best form of peace

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http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/china/2018-05-30/doc-ihcffhsv7404344.shtml

中国火箭军打响世界最大规模弹道导弹对抗演习(图)
中国火箭军打响世界最大规模弹道导弹对抗演习(图)

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  [文/观察者网王世纯]今年的火箭军“天剑”系列演习已经拉开了帷幕。“天剑”系列训练演习,是火箭军的旅级对抗演习,是与陆军“跨越-朱日和”系列旅级对抗演习,空军“红箭”系列旅级体系对抗演习,并列的大规模演习,每年举办数十场。军报原文如下:

  初夏时节,火箭军多个新型导弹旅驱车仗剑挺进戈壁大漠、东北密林,打响一场场“导弹战”。这标志着火箭军2018年度“天剑”系列演训活动拉开序幕,全方位、高层次展开练兵备战。

  据介绍,火箭军部队以“天剑”系列演训为抓手,探索走开体系训练路子,“天剑” 系列演训成为火箭军聚力练兵备战、狠抓实战化训练的高端平台。突出实战化和对抗性,是“天剑”系列演训的特点。他们按照“核常兼备、全域慑战”的战略要求,每年组织数十场次实兵演习或实弹发射。

  一支支导弹劲旅转战南北驰骋东西,锤炼全型号连续发射、整旅火力突击、联合火力打击等作战本领,参与全军多场使命课题联训、联合专项训练和军种间互为条件训练,与陆、海、空诸军种联合完成多个战略方向多种课题联合演练,“随时能战、准时发射、有效毁伤”核心能力不断增强。

9Qj6-hcffhsv7375650.jpg

  “常规导弹第一旅”正发射东风-16 图源:央广军事

  “如今‘天剑’演训不断‘扩容升级’。”火箭军参谋部训练局领导告诉记者,2018年度“天剑”系列演训积极适应新体制新职能要求,由整旅突击、连续突击向复杂困难条件下突击、红蓝实弹对抗和集团突击发展。

  记者在演练现场看到,多支新型导弹劲旅携带新型武器装备,在全新的“战场”上摆兵布阵,由技术侦察、电子对抗、特战破袭等多支精锐力量组成的新型“蓝军”,逼着参演部队不断应对新“敌情”,锤炼提升新质战斗力。

  “天剑”系列演训活动开展以来,通过组织实案实地、实检实评推演,连续实施跨区域、长时间、高强度和多课目、多内容、多特情演练,火箭军官兵一次次经受住了近似实战的检验。

  观察者网军事评论员认为,一支军队的基本战役单位是“旅”,而一支军队的训练水平往往可以从这支军队“旅”级对抗演练上看出来。正如陆军合成旅战术演练有“跨越”系列旅级对抗演习,空军有“红箭”系列对抗演习,我们火箭军的旅级对抗演习,则是文中提到的“天剑”系列对抗演习了。

  天剑系列演习是以火箭军一个旅为基本演训单位的旅级对抗演练,一年举行数十场,这个演习最大的亮点就是诸军种合同演练了。我国拥有庞大打击体系的火箭军各个导弹旅,不管是使用能打到台湾的东风-15,东风-16的中短程弹道导弹旅,还是使用东风-21打击航母的中程导弹旅,甚至是作为大国地位基石的东风-31,东风-5旅,都要参加天剑系列演习。“天剑”系列演习,去年以来先后进行数十场实弹发射、战役演习,发射各型导弹近百发。我国因为每年能举行十几次“天剑”系列对抗演习,因此在整体的导弹战术战法上,我国是十分先进的。

kTd6-hcffhsv7375794.gif

  可以看到,各型弹道导弹都会参与到天剑系列演习

  “天剑”系列对抗演习十分年轻,起始于军改开始,南海风云变幻的2016年。不过年轻并不代表不成熟,“天剑”系列演习,作为世界上最大的弹道导弹对抗演习,也是世界上最先进的弹道导弹演习,科目十分复杂,并且科技含量很高。该演习科目融合了之前的第二炮兵几十年来演训的经验,率先和空军,陆军,海军联合实施。举个例子,在2016年的“天剑”演习中,火箭军首次与空军对抗,火箭军出动了约10台东风21演练齐射打击,而空军地空导弹部队则使用20余套远程防空系统进行拦截。而在同年的另外一场“天剑”训练中,一支火箭军弹道导弹部队和空军演练“联合火力打击”科目。

BotJ-hcffhsv7375858.jpg

  16年的某部使用的DF-21D

  除了导弹与导弹的对抗外,各个旅往往要面对“敌方”的特种作战的威胁,因此我国的“天剑”演训中,特种作战对抗也是很有意思的一环。

wXhl-hcffhsv7375964.png

OTZW-hcffhsv7376072.jpg

  参与攻防演练的火箭军东风-21部队和解放军“红旗”远程防空导弹部队

  所谓知己知彼百战不殆,由于我国不受中导条约限制,并且仅有我国构筑了弹道导弹远-中-近战役战术打击体系,因此虽然我国潜在的对手国家和地区都在苦思冥想如何防御我国的弹道导弹,但是他们并不能完全模拟我国的导弹技术,因此在平时训练更多是“闭门造车”。而我国不仅拥有先进的导弹打击系统,近年来也发展了与对手实力相近的导弹防御系统,因此在矛与盾之间的对抗中,我国不管是弹道导弹技术还是反导技术,都会在“天剑”这种上至卫星空天防御,下至特种兵特战对抗的环境中,如同“武林高手”互相切磋一样越来越强大的。

  观察者网也将关注后续的“天剑”系列演习。


Chinese Rocket Army Begins World's Largest Ballistic Missile Opposition Exercise (Figure)
Chinese Rocket Army Begins World's Largest Ballistic Missile Opposition Exercise (Figure)
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[Text / Observer Network Wang Shichun] This year's rocket force "Sword" series exercises have begun. The "Tianjian" series of training exercises is a brigade-level brigade-level confrontation exercise. It is a brigade-level exercise against the Army's "Leap-Zhu Rihe" series, the Air Force "Red Arrow" series of brigade-level system confrontation exercises, and parallel large-scale exercises. Dozens of games are held each year. The original military report is as follows:

In the early summer season, a number of new missile brigades of the Rocket Forces drove Jianjian into the Gobi desert and the northeast jungle and started a field "missile war." This marks the kick-off of the Rockets' 2018 "Tianjian" series of training activities and the preparation of a full range of high-level military training.

According to briefings, the Rocket Troops took the “Tianjian” series of exercises as their starting point and explored ways to walk away from the system. The “Tianjian” series of exercises became a high-end platform for the Rockets to concentrate on preparing for battles and for practical training. Highlighting actual combat and confrontation is the characteristic of the “Tianjian” series of exercises. In accordance with the strategic requirements of "nuclear and permanent, global warfare," they organize dozens of actual drills or live ammunition launches each year.

A missile missile team competed in north-south galloping, tempered combat capabilities such as full-model continuous launches, brigade fire assaults, and joint fire strikes. It participated in the military multi-mission task training, joint special training, and inter-service training. The land, sea, and air forces have jointly completed multiple joint exercises on various strategic directions and various kinds of topics. The core capabilities of “able to fight at any time, launch on time, and effectively destroy” continue to increase.

"The conventional missile first brigade" is launching Dongfeng-16.

"Now the 'Sword' training continues to be 'expanded and upgraded'." The leadership of the rocket Corps Staff Training Department told reporters that the 2018 "Tianjian" series of exercises to actively meet the requirements of the new system and new functions, by the entire brigade assault, continuous assault Assault, red and blue live-fire confrontation and group assault development under complex and difficult conditions.

At the drill site, reporters saw that a number of new missile launchers carried new types of weapons and equipment and deployed troops on the new "battlefield". The new "blues" consisted of multiple elite forces such as technical reconnaissance, electronic countermeasures, and special warfare attacks. "Army" forces the participating forces to constantly respond to the new "enemy situation" and to temper and improve new combat effectiveness.

Since the launch of the “Tianjian” series of training activities, through the organization of actual cases and actual inspections, we have continuously implemented cross-regional, long-term, high-intensity, multi-class, multi-content, and multi-discipline drills. It has withstood the test of close combat.

The Observer Network’s military commentators believe that the basic operational unit of an army is the “brigade”, and the training level of an army can often be seen from this military “brigade” level confrontation exercise. Just as the Army Synthetic Brigade tactical exercise has "crossing" series of brigade-level confrontation exercises, the Air Force has "Red Arrow" series of confrontation exercises, and the Rocket Army's brigade-level confrontation exercises are the "Tianjian" series of confrontation exercises mentioned in the text.

The Tianjian series exercises are brigade-level confrontation drills in which a brigade of the Rocket Army is the basic unit of the training. They hold dozens of games a year. The biggest highlight of this exercise is the drills of various military contracts. China’s rocket brigade’s missile brigades with a huge strike system, whether it is using medium- and short-range ballistic missile brigades that can reach Taiwan’s Dongfeng-15, Dongfeng-16, or the medium-range missile brigade that uses Dongfeng-21 to attack aircraft carriers, or even The Dongfeng-31 and Dongfeng-5 brigades, which are the cornerstones of great powers, must participate in the Tianjian series exercises. The "Tianjian" series of exercises have carried out dozens of live ammunition launches and battle exercises since last year, and nearly 100 rounds of missiles have been launched. Because China can hold more than a dozen "Tianjian" series of confrontation exercises each year, China is very advanced in the overall missile tactical tactics.

It can be seen that various types of ballistic missiles will participate in the Tianjian series exercises.

The "Tianjian" series of confrontation exercises was very young, beginning with the beginning of the military reform and the changing South China Sea in 2016. However, young people do not represent immature. The "Tianjian" series of exercises, as the world's largest ballistic missile confrontation exercise, is also the world's most advanced ballistic missile exercise. The subject is very complex and has a high technological content. The exercises combined the experience of the previous Second Artillery Corps exercises for decades and took the lead in joint implementation with the Air Force, Army, and Navy. For example, during the 2016 "Tianjian" exercise, the Rockets made their first confrontation with the Air Force. The Rockets sent out about 10 Dongfeng 21 drills and the Air Force's ground-to-air missile force used more than 20 sets of remote air defense systems. Interception. In another "Tianjian" training of the same year, a rocket army ballistic missile unit and the air force drilled a "joint fire attack" subject.

16 years of use of the DF-21D

In addition to the confrontation between missiles and missiles, various brigades often face the threat of "special operations" by the "enemy." Therefore, in the "Sword of Heaven" training in China, special combat confrontation is also an interesting part.

The Dongfeng-21 force of the Rocket Force and the "red flag" long-range air defense missile unit of the People's Liberation Army participated in offense and defense exercises

The so-called "know-to-know" struggles, because China is not restricted by the China-Israel Treaty, and only China has built a ballistic missile tactical strike system for the Far-Middle-Close and Combat Campaign. Although our potential rival countries and regions are pondering over how to defend our ballistic missiles, However, they cannot completely simulate our missile technology. Therefore, training in peacetime is more of a "door-to-door" strategy. However, China not only has advanced missile strike systems, it has also developed missile defense systems with similar strengths in recent years. Therefore, in the confrontation between spear and shield, China’s ballistic missile technology or anti-missile technology will be in the sky. "Swords" are more and more powerful as the "martial arts masters" learn from each other as they go from the satellite's aerial defense to the commando warfare.

Observer Network will also pay attention to the follow-up "Sword" series of exercises.
 
In conjunction with this, the overall picture is Xijinpoing's master business plan. Soon he can make nuke warheads without rare metal uranium and basic nuke fuel is hydrogen electrolysis from water. He can make warheads like making Coca-Cola. So his Rocket Army boys must be most well trained and experienced in launching them.

https://www.sammyboy.com/threads/pl...imulation-200xs-in-the-last-40-months.254984/

PLA revelation 4th Gen Nuke test by supercomputer simulation 200Xs in the last 40 months
 
Target evil BE the no. 1 enemy extinct them the world peace achieved....
 
Target evil BE the no. 1 enemy extinct them the world peace achieved....


Do not ask for world peace because that is actually the way to nowhere but TOTAL GLOBAL EXTINCTION. People all foolishly dream that because the Modern Education put this Toxin in their heads, and detox is next to impossible. Peace Freedom Equality Humanity "rule of law" "economy" are altogether forming ULTIMATE TOXIN for TOTAL GLOBAL EXTINCTION. They had been exploding global overpopulation & overconsumption thus exhausting resources turning resources into wastes and pollutions. The inevitable result of this is TOTAL GLOBAL EXTINCTION. This toxin is so attractive and sweet but it is the ultimate poison. It feels so rights but it is indeed the most wrong, and it deceived almost all.

War exist from day one of human existence from Paleolithic Times and it exist for an important purpose. It maintain ELIMINATION & BALANCE on the planet. Now we are doomed as the scientists had repeatedly warned, because we destroyed the BALANCE and that ruined the planet. Peace is ultimate luxury that man can Never Afford, you can only have it when population & consumption level are way too low and resources are way to abundance, this condition is gone forever from this planet long time ago, will not return in our lifetime or will not return EVER.
 
Putin also launched 4 Bulava SLBMs from White Seas to Kamchatka Peninsula on 22.May.2018

Each @45tons 10 ~14 nuke warheads, launched from a single Borei Class nuke sub. Launched consecutively at 7.5 seconds interval. So there will be at least 40 nuke warheads to arrive almost same minute at USA if it was war. Interception system will surely got saturated and defeated.


https://news.sina.cn/gj/2018-06-03/...ct=0&rfunc=9&tj=none&tr=25&vt=4&pos=108&his=0


毁天灭地 俄战略核潜艇齐射导弹发出威慑信号



参考消息

06月03日 06:45关注

原标题:军情锐评 | 毁天灭地!俄战略核潜艇齐射导弹发出威慑信号——

据俄罗斯《观点报》5月23日报道称,5月22日,俄海军成功从位于白海的“尤里·多尔戈鲁基”号(北风之神级首艇)战略核潜艇上齐射了4枚“圆锤”(另译“布拉瓦”)潜射洲际导弹,全部命中位于堪察加半岛靶场的预定目标。这是俄军首次在北风之神级核潜艇上齐射如此多的导弹,而这种齐射对于潜射弹道导弹来说,是鉴定其是否具备实战能力的唯一手段。那么俄海军潜艇进行这种齐射训练的难点在哪里,目的为何,与美军相比又有哪些差距?本文就此展开解读。

水下齐射难度大 对可靠性要求高

俄海军潜艇中将阿纳托利·舍甫琴柯对《观点报》记者表示:“4枚导弹齐射证明了‘尤里·多尔戈鲁基’号核潜艇导弹系统和‘圆锤’导弹本身的可靠性,以及舰艇作战编队的工作协调性。如果接到向某个目标发射5至6枚导弹的命令,我们可以完成。这也证明了该潜艇已具备较高的战备度。”



▲资料图:“尤里·多尔戈鲁基”号(北风之神级首艇)战略核潜艇

关于进行此类导弹齐射的难度,俄海军上校伊戈尔·库德林表示:“一枚‘圆锤’导弹重量约45吨,每枚发射前,都会先向发射筒内注水,这时北风之神级潜艇(下文简称“北风之神”)必须在水下发射通道内保持稳定,航向、航速和下潜深度都要控制在相应范围内。”

4枚导弹齐射时,每枚导弹的发射间隔只有7.5秒,导弹发射时产生的强大反作用力,都会令潜艇的水下位置都会发生漂移,如何在发射第一枚导弹后,最大限度地降低反作用力对艇身位置变化的影响是一大难题,而且要在如此短的时间内,修正约180吨(4枚导弹总重)的重量损耗,对“北风之神”的自动补偿系统也是一大考验。

这里补充介绍下“北风之神”和“圆锤”导弹的概况。北风之神级(项目代号955型)核潜艇是俄罗斯第4代战略核潜艇,由俄红宝石中央设计局研发,北德文斯克造船厂负责建造,首艇“尤里·多尔戈鲁基”号于1996年开工建造,2008年下水,2013年正式投入服役。

该级艇水下满载排水量2.4万吨,全长170米,全宽13.5米,吃水10米,搭载一台OK-650型压水核反应堆(与台风级核潜艇相同),最大输出功率380兆瓦,驱动一台泵喷式推进器(与传统螺旋桨相比,降噪性能更强),水下最大航速可达30节,极限下潜深度450米。



▲北风之神级战略核潜艇的技术参数介绍图

“北风之神”的武器系统包括6具布置于艇艏的533毫米重型鱼雷发射管,在现役弹道导弹核潜艇中,该级艇的鱼雷发射管数量是最多的。此外,16枚“圆锤”潜射弹道导弹是“北风之神”最具威慑力的武器,最大射程1万千米,每枚导弹最多可载10个分导核弹头(单个15万吨TNT当量),一艘可搭载160个核弹头,打击精度(CEP,圆概率误差)可达350米内。理论上计算,一艘北风之神级发射的16枚“圆锤”导弹可在半小时内毁灭地球上任意一个中等国家。

“圆锤”弹道导弹研发命运多舛

需要指出的是,“圆锤”导弹的研发和试验过程并不顺利,32次试射中有7次失败,在21世纪头10年,这种导弹还问题不断,半数试射都以失败告终,俄方将失败原因归于导弹组装技术问题。

以2016年9月27日的试射为例,当时也是由“尤里·多尔戈鲁基”号在白海进行“圆锤”导弹试射,数量仅为2枚,试验结果以一枚成功命中目标,一枚在飞行途中发生技术故障而自爆告终,发射成功率仅为50%。

今天看来,能在如此短的时间内,将导弹发射成功率提升到100%,说明俄军在相关技术方面的经验积累较为过硬,且“圆锤”导弹已达到技术稳定阶段,并具备了实战能力。然而,与美海军现役主力的“三叉戟Ⅱ”-D5导弹(自1989年服役以来,已连续完成165次成功试射,最近的一次试射为2017年2月)相比,“圆锤”导弹还需要进一步完善。

苏联导弹齐射纪录仍未被打破

俄海军“尤里·多尔戈鲁基”号此次齐射4枚导弹在近年来较为罕见,但苏联海军的一艘核潜艇曾在1991年8月6日还进行过更夸张的齐射演习,曾在3分钟内齐射了16枚“轻舟”弹道导弹。当时的齐射演习代号“河马行动”,“主角”为苏联海军北方舰队的“新莫斯科夫斯克”号战略核潜艇(为667DRM型潜艇的最后一艘,北约代号“德尔塔IV型”),该艇当时搭载16枚射程8300千米的“轻舟”导弹,每枚可搭载4个分导核弹头,重70吨。



▲图为曾执行过齐射16枚洲际导弹任务的“新莫斯科夫斯克”号核潜艇。

当天,“新莫斯科夫斯克”号在3分钟内,以不到10秒的间隔发射了16枚导弹(均未携带核弹头),但按演习计划,只有第一枚和最后一枚导弹准确命中靶场目标,其余14枚导弹均在飞行过程中被指令自毁,苏联军方高层则将此次行动称为“末日彩排”。

由上不难看出,战略核潜艇齐射弹道导弹不仅是检验潜艇与配套导弹的战备可靠性,同时还是向潜在对手传达了明确的威慑信号,因为短时间齐射大批弹道导弹,可大幅削弱敌军反导系统的拦截能力。这对于拥有战略核潜艇的国家来说,都是必经之路。

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俄国防部:美约八成“智能”导弹未击中目标——俄将研究运抵莫斯科的两枚导弹


毁天灭地 俄战略核潜艇齐射导弹发出威慑信号
8d90f0bbjw1ev7oijumy4j20sg0sg0v6.jpg

参考消息
06月03日 06:45

俄国防部:美约八成“智能”导弹未击中目标——俄将研究运抵莫斯科的两枚导弹


Russia's strategic nuclear submarine salvos issued a deterrent signal



Reference News

03 June 06:45 Followers

Original title: Military Review | Destroy the day! Russia's strategic nuclear submarine salvos issued a deterrent signal -

According to a report by the Russian "Viewpoint" on May 23, on May 22, the Russian navy succeeded in merging from the strategic nuclear submarine "Yuri Dolgoruki" (Boast of the North Wind) on the White Sea. Four "circle hammers" (also translated as "Brava") missiles were launched and all of them hit the target of the Kamchatka Shooting Range. This is the first time that the Russian military has launched such a large number of missiles in the north wind of the God-class nuclear submarine. This type of salvo is the only means for submarine-launched ballistic missiles to determine whether they have actual combat capability. What are the difficulties of the Russian Navy's submarine training and its purpose? What are the differences compared with the U.S. military? This article begins to read this.

Underwater Salvo is difficult to have high reliability requirements

Anatoly Shevchenko of the Russian navy submarine said to the “Viewpoint” reporter: “The four missile salvos proved the 'Yuri Dolguruky' nuclear submarine missile system and the 'Plumbo' missile. The reliability of itself and the coordination of the operations of the naval warfare formations. If we receive an order to launch 5 to 6 missiles to a target, we can complete it. This also proves that the submarine has a high combat readiness."



▲ Data Map: The Yuri Dolguruky (North Wind Class Boat) Strategic Nuclear Submarine

With regard to the difficulty of launching such missiles, the Russian naval captain Igor Kudrin said: "A 'round hammer' missile weighs about 45 tons. Before each launch, it will first fill the water in the launching canal. The North Wind God-class submarine (hereinafter referred to as "the god of the north wind") must be stable within the underwater launch channel, and the heading, speed, and dive depth must all be controlled within the corresponding range."

When four missiles are salvo, the launch interval of each missile is only 7.5 seconds. When the missile launches a powerful reaction force, the underwater position of the submarine will drift. How to minimize the launch of the first missile? The influence of reaction force on the change of the hull position is a major problem, and it is necessary to correct the weight loss of about 180 tons (4 missiles total weight) in such a short period of time. This is also the automatic compensation system for the “God of the North Wind”. A big test.

Here is an overview of the "Northern Wind God" and "Plumbo" missiles. The North Wind God Level (Project Code 955) nuclear submarine is Russia's fourth-generation strategic nuclear submarine. It was developed by the Russian Ruby Central Design Bureau. The North Devinsky Shipyard is responsible for the construction of the first boat "Yuri Dolgoruki". Started construction in 1996, launched in 2008, and officially entered service in 2013.

The boat is fully loaded with 24,000 tons of underwater displacement, a total length of 170 meters, a full width of 13.5 meters, a draft of 10 meters, and an OK-650 pressurized water nuclear reactor (same as a typhoon-class nuclear submarine) with a maximum output of 380 MW. Drives a pump-jet propeller (more noise-reducing performance than conventional propellers), with a maximum speed of up to 30 knots and a maximum depth of 450 meters.



▲Introduction of the technical parameters of the North Wind-class strategic nuclear submarine

The “Northern Wind God” weapon system consists of six 533 mm heavy-duty torpedo tubes that are arranged in the bow. Among active ballistic missile nuclear submarines, the number of torpedo tubes in this class of boats is the largest. In addition, 16 "bowl hammer" submarine-launched ballistic missiles are the most deterrent weapons of the "Northern Wind God" with a maximum range of 10,000 kilometers. Each missile can carry up to 10 nuclear warheads (a single 150,000 tons TNT equivalent). ), A ship can carry 160 nuclear warheads, hit precision (CEP, round probability error) up to 350 meters. In theory, a 16-blow-ball missile launched by the god of the north wind can destroy any medium-sized country on earth within half an hour.

The "Round Hammer" Ballistic Missile has a lot of R & D fate

It should be pointed out that the R&D and testing process of the “Round Hammer” missile was not smooth. There were 7 failures in 32 test launches. In the first 10 years of the 21st century, this type of missile continued to have problems, and half of the test shots ended in failure. The Russians attributed the failure to missile assembly technology.

Taking the test shot on September 27, 2016 as an example, at the time, the "Yuli Dolgoruki" was tested in the White Sea by the "Plumbow" missile. The number was only two, and the test result was one. Successfully hit the target, one ended in a crash due to a technical failure during the flight, and the launch success rate was only 50%.

Today, it seems that in such a short period of time, the missile launch success rate will be raised to 100%, indicating that the Russian military’s accumulated experience in relevant technologies is relatively strong, and the “Plumbow” missile has reached the stage of technological stability and has Actual combat ability. However, compared with the “Trident II”-D5 missile that is currently in service with the US Navy (since its service in 1989, it has successfully completed 165 successful test shots, and the most recent test shot was in February 2017). Missiles need further improvement.

Soviet missile salvo record has not been broken

The Russian Navy’s Yuri Dolguruky’s salvo of 4 missiles was relatively rare in recent years, but a nuclear submarine of the Soviet Navy also conducted more exaggerated volley exercises on August 6, 1991. In three minutes, they fired 16 "boats" ballistic missiles. At the time, the salvo exercise was codenamed "Operation Hippo" and the "protagonist" was the "Novo-Moscowsk" strategic nuclear submarine of the Soviet Navy's Northern Fleet (the last ship of the 667DRM submarine, NATO code named "Delta IV"). The boat was carrying 16 "boats" missiles with a range of 8,300 kilometers, each capable of carrying 4 nuclear warheads and weighing 70 tons.



▲The picture shows the "Novo-Moscowsk" nuclear submarine that had executed a mission to salvo 16 intercontinental missiles.

On the same day, the “Novo-Moscowsk” fired 16 missiles (without nuclear warheads) in less than 10 seconds in less than 3 minutes. However, according to the exercise plan, only the first and last missiles hit the shooting range accurately. The target, the remaining 14 missiles were instructed to self-destruct during the flight, and the Soviet military officials called the operation "The Doomsday Rehearsal."

It is not difficult to see that strategic nuclear submarine salvo ballistic missiles not only test the operational reliability of submarines and matched missiles, but also convey a clear deterrent signal to potential adversaries, because short-time salvos of large numbers of ballistic missiles can significantly weaken enemy troops. Anti-missile system interception capabilities. This is the only way for countries with strategic nuclear submarines.

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http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/china/2018-06-06/doc-ihcqccip1415812.shtml

美媒:中国东风41导弹第10次试射成功 投射多个弹头
美媒:中国东风41导弹第10次试射成功 投射多个弹头

0
  来源:观察者网

  原标题:美媒:东风-41第10次试射成功 携带多个弹头

  [文/观察者网 堵开源]美国《华盛顿自由灯塔》报6月5日报道,美国国防部官员透露,5月27日发现中国进行东风-41洲际导弹的试射活动,这次试射中东风-41导弹投射了多个弹头,并命中中国西部靶场目标。

XzaF-hcqccip1398399.jpg
正在进行公路试车的东风-41导弹发射车
  报道称,5月27日,携带多个弹头的东风-41导弹从中国北部的太原卫星发射中心升空,飞行数千公里后,命中西部戈壁沙漠中的靶场。法国军事博主亨利·K在其“东方钟摆”网站上也声称5月27日中国发布的NOTAM通告显示在西北上空划出禁飞区,与2017年东风-41导弹试射时相同。

  美国五角大楼发言人,克里斯托弗·洛根上校针对这一报道回应说:“我们已经了解到最近的飞行试验,我们将持续关注中国武器的发展,但我们不能就此次试验情况发表具体信息。”

YBK9-hcqccip1398528.jpg
东风-41导弹的发射车与东风-31AG等型号的洲际导弹有显著的外形区别
BFNM-fzrwiaz6345235.jpg

  东风-31AG导弹的发射车也是采用了16*16驱动的重型越野底盘,与东-41相比,其外观最显著的区别在于,导弹发射筒长度没有超出车头

  据称,这是美军宣称观察到的第10次东风-41导弹的试射,这被认为表明这种导弹可能即将通过定型试验,正式列装部队,并成为中国对美国重要的威慑手段。

  外媒称,东风-41导弹的尺寸重量比东风-31系列导弹有显著增长,可以携带10个分弹头,每个弹头有100万吨以上的当量,其射程至少12000公里,可以覆盖美国全境。

点击进入专题:
我东风41疑似第10次发射成功


U.S. Media: The 10th Test Shot of China Dongfeng 41 Missile Successfully Projected Multiple Warheads
U.S. Media: The 10th Test Shot of China Dongfeng 41 Missile Successfully Projected Multiple Warheads
0

Source: Observer Network

Original title: U.S. Media: Dongfeng-41 10th successful test shot Carrying multiple warheads

[Text/Observer Network Blocking Open Source] The US "Washington Freedom Lighthouse" reported on June 5 that an official of the US Department of Defense disclosed that on May 27, China discovered that it was conducting a test drive of the Dongfeng-41 intercontinental missile. The Dongfeng-41 missile projected multiple warheads and hit the targets of the western China shooting range.
Dongfeng-41 missile launcher on road trials Dongfeng-41 missile launcher on road trials

According to the report, on May 27, the Dongfeng-41 missile carrying multiple warheads was launched from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in northern China and flew thousands of kilometers into the shooting range in the Gobi Desert in the western region. Henry K, the French military blogger, also claimed on his “Oriental Pendulum” website that the NOTAM announcement issued by China on May 27 showed that the no-fly zone was over the northwest, the same as when the 2017 Dongfeng-41 missile was tested.

A spokesman for the Pentagon of the United States, Colonel Christopher Logan, responded to the report by saying: "We have learned about the recent flight tests. We will continue to pay attention to the development of Chinese weapons, but we cannot publish specific information on the trial."
The Dongfeng-41 missile launch vehicle and the Dongfeng-31AG and other types of intercontinental missiles have a distinctive shape difference. The Dongfeng-41 missile launch vehicle and the Dongfeng-31AG and other types of intercontinental missiles have a distinctive shape difference.

The Dongfeng-31AG missile launch vehicle also uses a 16*16-driven heavy-duty off-road chassis. Compared with the East-41, the most striking difference is that the length of the missile launcher does not exceed the length of the front of the missile.

This is allegedly a test shot of the 10th Dongfeng-41 missile that the U.S. military claimed to observe. This is believed to indicate that this type of missile may soon undergo a stereotyped test, officially form a military unit, and become an important deterrent to China.

According to foreign media, the Dongfeng-41 missile has a significant increase in size and weight compared to the Dongfeng-31 series of missiles. It can carry 10 warheads, each warhead has an equivalent of more than 1 million tons, and its range is at least 12,000 kilometers, which can cover the entire U.S. .
Click to enter the topic:
I Dongfeng 41 Suspected 10th Successful Launch
 
For those who love nuclear war, be informed that the time is over, It woud have happened in the 60s if it ever was meant to, Both USSR and USA could have individually blown up the planet over a couple of times. Luckily they held their senses, And now, it looks like there are people here who support China to get into this game! Aiyah,Now, the world just want so to make money, China is well into it, Why risk throwing it away with stupid wars?

Cheers!
 
Cut yr crap reasoning....

NWO created by Rothchild and Skulls and Bones will keep destroyed peaceful loving countries to make war weapons money.

Go stay with yr rock band music...

For those who love nuclear war, be informed that the time is over, It woud have happened in the 60s if it ever was meant to, Both USSR and USA could have individually blown up the planet over a couple of times. Luckily they held their senses, And now, it looks like there are people here who support China to get into this game! Aiyah,Now, the world just want so to make money, China is well into it, Why risk throwing it away with stupid wars?

Cheers!
 
For those who love nuclear war, be informed that the time is over, It woud have happened in the 60s if it ever was meant to, Both USSR and USA could have individually blown up the planet over a couple of times. Luckily they held their senses, And now, it looks like there are people here who support China to get into this game! Aiyah,Now, the world just want so to make money, China is well into it, Why risk throwing it away with stupid wars?

Cheers!


Human senses are completely WRONG & INVALID! Human can NEVER OVERRIDE Natural Universe. Human are committing Total Extinction Suicide and destroying whole planet if not whole universe, with their STUPID Senses. Nothing else, Nothing further.

Nuke is about the only way to get some hope to avert this Total Extinction Suicide. Laws of the Natural Universe will not indulge nor tolerate Human IDIOT Senses at all. You exploded your population level and consumption, you converted your remaining resources all to waste, your whole planet die. You will never find another livable planet to flee to (to destroy) you will all die with all forms of lives on the ruined planet. Very simple very solid very clear and THE MOST STRONGLY, no variable no alternatives NO MERCY NO NEGOTIATION NO DELAYS.
 
Chinese media forecasted that DF-41 missiles will be taking part in Tian An Men Parade type of events next year, with Rocket Army. It will give 10 Mega Tons of nuke to USA with Mushroom Cloud vapor and nuke dust.

http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2018-06-07/doc-ihcqccip8368819.shtml

中国东风41明年10月或亮相 可投射1千万吨当量核弹头
2018年06月07日 10:05 新浪军事

0
  6月5日,美国《华盛顿自由灯塔》报援引美国防部官员信源曝出“猛料”:美方5月27日监测到中方进行了新一代洲际弹道导弹东风-41的第10次发射,一枚东风-41导弹携带多枚分弹头在飞行数千公里后,准确命中位于中国西部戈壁的靶场目标。从各核大国试射洲际导弹的经验来看,10次发射如果成功率超过80%,就已经可以定型并装备部队。而美国防部宣称,东风-41导弹的成绩是10发10中,成功率为100%!这意味着无论从哪个角度来说,东风-41洲际弹道导弹都可以通过定型测试,并正式加入解放军火箭军战斗序列。

-97P-hcqccip8340412.jpg

  国外军事博主绘制的东风-41第10次试射路线示意图。感谢发布者@河婆大脚ason007

  东风-41洲际导弹对解放军来说意义极为重大。因为在它正式服役并开始战备值班之前,火箭军现役能威慑到大洋彼岸的弹道导弹,都存在这样那样的不足,不是在固定地下井发射的液体洲际导弹,就是射程无法打到大洋彼岸东海岸的“短腿”固体导弹。

  其中能正儿八经覆盖大洋彼岸的,仍是由上世纪70年代改进而来的东风-5系列液体洲际导弹。这个系列导弹公开的最新改进型为东风-5B,于两年多以前的抗战胜利日阅兵式上正式亮相。东风-5B洲际导弹验证和应用了与东风-41洲际导弹一样的分弹头技术,可携带3-5枚分弹头,射程在1.2万-1.3万公里之间。

Z_OO-hcqccip8340733.jpg

  东风-5A洲际导弹发射场景。

  东风-5A/B型洲际导弹射程足够、威力足够,但最大问题就是只能在固定地点发射。那么无论其发射井隐蔽得多好,能抗多少当量的核弹攻击,始终不如机动式发射的洲际导弹生存能力强。因为机动式发射意味着只要导弹发射车能开到的地方,无论是位于全国哪里,都能成为发射阵地。

8cBA-hcqccip8340853.jpg

  东风-5B多弹头液体燃料洲际弹道导弹。

  这就要说到火箭军现役第二款能威慑到北美的弹道导弹了——东风-31系列机动式固体燃料弹道导弹。虽然东风-31导弹1999年就公开亮相了,但那时其实还处于试验阶段,而且射程仅有8000多公里,严格来说只能算远程弹道导弹,或是准洲际导弹。直到2006年,改进型东风-31A导弹才服役,射程超过了1.1万公里,可以覆盖大洋彼岸西海岸至中部地区。

  去年朱日和阅兵式上亮相的东风-31AG弹道导弹,改进之一就是在携带多弹头时也能达到超过1.1万公里的射程。更重要的是,东风-31AG应用了真正的无依托发射技术,实现只要发射车能开到的地方,无需事前建好水泥地面发射阵地,竖起来就能打。这个快速反应能力和战场生存性就很强悍了。

  可以看出,从东风-5、东风-5B到东风-31A、东风-31AG,我国发展洲际导弹的路径是很明晰的。东风-5B验证了多弹头技术,东风-31AG则验证了洲际导弹无依托发射技术。那么到了新一代机动式固体燃料洲际弹道导弹东风-41,火箭军终于能获得射程、威力、反应速度、生存能力等各项指标均很优秀的大国重器。

dV8Z-hcqccip8340938.jpg

  网友拍摄到的疑似东风-41导弹画面。

  从美方监测数据来看,东风-41导弹射程超过1.2万公里,可能在1.3万-1.4万公里之间,妥妥地覆盖整个大洋彼岸;能携带10枚分弹头,比东风-5B多了一倍。而且每个分弹头当量可能超过100万吨,1枚东风-41导弹就能向1万多公里外投掷超过1000万吨当量的核弹头。

  不仅如此,资料显示,东风-41导弹还应用了我国最先进的突防技术,10枚分弹头可能不仅是“子”弹头,而且每枚还具备机动突防能力,属于分导式分弹头。也就是说,要想拦截1枚东风-41导弹,可能得拿出拦截10枚单弹头弹道导弹的本事来。

7IeN-hcqccip8340994.jpg

  网友绘制的东风-41洲际弹道导弹效果图。图片来自网络,感谢作者。

  那么在完成整整10次成功试射后,东风-41导弹显然已处于即将通过定型的服役前最后阶段。其实分析一下就能推断出,东风-41导弹的首次公开亮相可能就在明年10月。因为那时很可能有庆祝70周年的盛大阅兵式。(作者署名:百战刀)


China's Dongfeng 41 or debut next October can project 10 million tons of nuclear warheads
June 07, 2018 10:05 Sina Military
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On June 5, the United States’ Freedom of Lights in Washington newspaper quoted the sources of the US Department of Defense’s official sources as exposing: The U.S. side monitored on May 27 that China had launched the 10th launch of a new generation of intercontinental ballistic missile Dongfeng-41. A Dongfeng-41 missile carried a number of sub-warheads and after several thousand kilometers of flight, it accurately hit the target range of the Gobi in western China. Judging from the experience of various nuclear powers in testing intercontinental missiles, if the success rate of 10 launches exceeds 80%, it will be possible to shape and arm troops. The U.S. Department of Defense declared that the Dongfeng-41 missile's performance was 10 rounds in 10 games, and the success rate was 100%! This means that from whatever perspective, the Dongfeng-41 Intercontinental Ballistic Missile can pass stereotype tests and formally join the PLAPL rocket battle sequence.

Diagram of the 10th test firing route of Dongfeng-41 drawn by foreign military bloggers. Thanks for the publisher @ Hepo Bigfoot ason007

The Dongfeng-41 intercontinental missile is of great significance to the PLA. Because the ballistic missiles on the other side of the ocean where the Rockets’ current service can deter before it was officially in service and began to be on duty, there are all kinds of deficiencies. It is not a liquid intercontinental missile launched in a fixed underground well, or it cannot reach the ocean on the east coast. "Short-legged" solid missiles.

Among them, the one that can cover the other side of the ocean in the Eight Kingdoms is still the Dongfeng-5 series of liquid intercontinental missiles improved from the 1970s. The latest improved version of this series of missiles was Dongfeng-5B, which was formally unveiled on the military parade on the Victory Day of Anti-Japanese War more than two years ago. The Dongfeng-5B intercontinental missile has been verified and applied with the same bullethead technology as the Dongfeng-41 intercontinental missile. It can carry 3-5 projectiles with a range of 12,000 to 13,000 kilometers.

Dongfeng-5A intercontinental missile launch scenario.

The DF-5A/B intercontinental missile has enough range and power, but the biggest problem is that it can only be launched at a fixed location. So no matter how well its silos are hidden, how many equivalent nuclear warheads can resist, it is always inferior to the vibratory launching of intercontinental missiles. Because the mobile launch means that as long as the missile launch vehicle can reach, no matter where it is located in the country, it can become a firing position.

Dongfeng -5B multi-warhead liquid fuel intercontinental ballistic missile.

This is to say that the second active ballistic missile capable of deterring North Americans is the Dongfeng-31 series of mobile solid-state ballistic missiles. Although the Dongfeng-31 missile was publicly unveiled in 1999, it was actually still in the experimental stage and it had a range of only 8,000 kilometers. Strictly speaking, it was only a long-range ballistic missile or a quasi-intercontinental missile. Until 2006, the improved Dongfeng-31A missile was put into service with a range of more than 11,000 kilometers, covering the west coast of the ocean to the central region.

One of the improvements of the Dongfeng-31AG ballistic missile that Zhu Rihe debuted last year was that he could reach a range of more than 11,000 kilometers while carrying multiple warheads. More importantly, the Dongfeng -31AG uses a true non-reliable launching technology, as long as the launch vehicle can open to the place, without the need to build a cement ground launch position in advance, can be erected up to fight. This quick response capability and battlefield survivability are very strong.

It can be seen that from Dongfeng-5, Dongfeng-5B, Dongfeng-31A and Dongfeng-31AG, China's path to develop intercontinental missiles is very clear. Dongfeng-5B verified the multi-warhead technology and Dongfeng-31AG verified the intercontinental missile's non-relying launch technology. Then, with the new generation of mobile solid-fuel intercontinental ballistic missile Dongfeng-41, the Rocket Army can finally obtain the great powers with excellent targets, power, reaction speed, and survivability.

A suspected Dongfeng-41 missile picture captured by netizens.

Judging from the US monitoring data, the Dongfeng-41 missile has a range of more than 12,000 kilometers, which may be between 13,000 and 14,000 kilometers, and properly covers the entire ocean. It can carry 10 more warheads than the Dongfeng-5B. Times. Moreover, the equivalent of each sub-warhead may exceed 1 million tons, and a Dongfeng-41 missile can throw more than 10 million tons of nuclear warheads over 10,000 kilometers.

Not only that, the data shows that the Dongfeng-41 missile also uses China's most advanced penetration technology, 10 sub warheads may not only be "child" warheads, and each also has the ability of maneuvering penetration, is a sub-guided warhead. In other words, if you want to intercept a Dongfeng-41 missile, you may have to come up with the ability to intercept 10 single-warhead ballistic missiles.

User-drawn Dongfeng-41 Intercontinental Ballistic Missile rendering. The picture comes from the internet, thanks to the author.

Well, after successfully completing 10 successful test shots, the Dongfeng-41 missile is clearly in the final stage of service before it will pass through stereotypes. In fact, the analysis can be inferred that the first public appearance of the Dongfeng-41 missile may be in October next year. Because there was probably a grand parade to celebrate the 70th anniversary. (Author's signature: Bai Zhan Dao)
 
For nuke attacks, PLA got latest hypersonic stealth drone called the DARK SWORD. This is drone for Food Panda type expressed Roti Prata Nuke Delivery vehicle.

http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2018-06-07/doc-ihcscwwz7351216.shtml

中国暗剑无人机或将换装新航发 超机动有望追赶歼20
中国暗剑无人机或将换装新航发 超机动有望追赶歼20

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  △亮相的“暗剑”无人机全尺寸模型

  近日,12年前首度现身的“暗剑”无人机,如今以全尺寸模型照片重新回到人们的视野,显示背后仍有发展动作仍在进行。“暗剑”最早是在2006年珠海航展上公开小尺寸模型,展板介绍其特性为“具有超音速、超高机动能力与低可探测性,主要用于未来对空作战”。

  值得注意的是,“暗剑”的气动外形与国外无人机有着极大差异,这显示中国的飞机设计已经走上了自己的轨道。那么“暗剑”为何与众不同呢?今天,北国防务就来说说这事。

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  △“暗剑”无人机最早于2006年珠海航展亮相,当时说明为一种具有超音速、超高机动性与隐身性能的对空用无人机

  自从智能控制技术让无人机实用以来,无人机就成为各国空军的“明日之星”。其主要优点其实来自于三项人类飞行员的缺点:

  1. 重量:飞机为了搭载飞行员升空,除了要腾出座舱空间让飞行员可以工作外,还得提供生命维护设施、显示设备、控制设备等等才可以让人类飞行员工作,如果省略人类,就可以省去这些设施的重量与阻力。例如,有些双座战机/攻击机就会藉由省略后座飞行员,塞入油箱来拓展航程。
  2. 飞行时间:人类由于生理与心理的限制,工作时间不能无限制加长,限制了有人飞机的航程与滞空时间,如果省略飞行员自然可以在油料耗尽前持续飞行。
  3. 机动性:即便受过训练的飞行员,在抗G飞行服的协助下,也无法承受9G以上的机动。如果省略飞行员,以现代结构技术可以制造出20G以上的机体,其机动性就会超越任何有人战机。
  现今的军用无人机大多是利用上述的第一或第二点来发挥优势。至于第三点的机动性,早期美国空军研究无人战机时,曾经构想过一种可以超过人类极限进行机动的无人机,除了用来空战外,也能用来规避防空导弹。不过,后来发展的无人机却都改用隐身性进行突防,这种“超高机动”的无人机构想就被西方束之高阁。

2HLn-hcqccip4045063.jpg

  △“暗剑”无人机(上)将进气道设于下方,且有垂直尾翼与腹鳍。强调隐身的X-45A无人机(下)则将进气道设于上方,并取消所有尾翼

  例如美国空军资助的X-45计划就是隐身无人攻击机的典型例子,后来也成为欧洲与俄罗斯参考的范本。而“暗剑”机与X-45的设计就有很大的差别:首先,隐身无人机大多会将进气道置于上部,原因是地面防空雷达会由斜下方往上照射,机背进气道能利用机身阻隔雷达波,降低进气道的吸波要求。

  然而,有人战机却宁可付出雷达截面积的代价将进气道置于下方或侧方,原因是机背进气道在高攻角容易吃进机身产生的乱流,限制了飞机机动的攻角。而“暗剑”采用的机腹进气道则能用前机身整流,降低气流攻角,显示其重视高攻角的机动性。

  其次,隐身无人机多半会省略尾翼,原因是尾翼的前后缘都会对法线方向散射雷达波,而省略尾翼的隐身效果比任何吸波材料都好。“暗剑”机不但有2片大型垂直尾翼,还有2片腹鳍,表示它对横向稳定性有很高的要求,通常也是为了在高攻角或超音速状态维持稳定。

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  △“暗剑”无人机(上)的前翼似乎是伸缩型式,伸出后可能无法改变倾角,与X-36(下)的全动前翼不同

  美国其实也有一些无人机强调机动性,例如波音与NASA合作的X-36。不过,该飞机的原始计划其实是要研究无尾翼有人战机的机动性,因此波音虽然认为前翼对隐身较为不利,但仍加上前翼搭配矢量喷嘴来弥补拆掉垂直尾翼所损失的机动性。而该计划是因为没有足够的预算才以无人机方式进行研究,因此机上仍有“假座舱”来模拟有人机的气动特性;至于其实验目的其实是研究那特殊的矢量喷嘴,而不是发扬无人机的机动性。

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  △F-14的翼套小翼在伸出后可将升力中心略为拉前,降低超音速的稳定性

  “暗剑”无人机也有前翼,不过从模型上观察,其前翼似乎是以旋转方式伸缩的,似乎不能再上下转动进行气动控制。这种伸缩前翼也曾出现在F-14上,其用意是降低稳定性来提升超音速的机动性。因为F-14的可变翼在超音速可后掠到68度来降低波阻,然而高度后掠角加上超音速的升力中心后移现象,会让战机像铅块一样难以转向机动。此时从翼套伸出的小翼可产生抬头力矩来减缓升力中心的后移。“暗剑”采用类似的伸缩前翼显示其对超音速机动性的重视。

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  △美国的X-24B(左)是高超音速升阻比达到2.5的升力体计划,美国NASA希望这可延长其从轨道重返的高超音速滑翔距离,与扣掉主翼与前翼的“暗剑”无人机(右)相当类似

  那“暗剑”机的速度到底有多高呢?如果扣除前翼与主翼不看,其后掠角约80度三角形边条翼与机身融合的构型,搭配外倾垂直尾翼相当类似美国的X-24B升力体实验机。升力体其实就是当前热议的“高超音速滑翔器”,NASA在上世纪60年代就希望能作为轨道重返载具,能直接降落到跑道上而不是用降落伞迫降。

  X-24B是升力体中较高速的版本,可以高超音速飞行较远的距离,或者做出大半径转向,因此也有人认为“暗剑”机可以高超音速飞行。然而,“暗剑”机外加的两片50度后掠主翼看不出有伸缩机构,则其产生的阻力就很难让它达到高超音速飞行。

XDf9-hcqccip4045291.jpg

  △(1)波音的ExMAN计划是少数强调机动性的无人机,(2)其构想是利用隐身性与瞬间20G的机动性,可以在空战中快速转向而击落多架敌机,(3)其极速虽仅略微超过1.2马赫,但利用飞翼构型的高升力可提升高空(黄色区域)的机动能力,(4)但它需要两台发动机来提供足够的推重比

  从外型上来看,“暗剑”机的大比例三角形边条翼加上主翼似乎带来相当大的升力,加上机腹进气与尾翼的特征显示其重视高攻角的稳定性,显示其的确以“超高机动性”为主要目标。

  然而,高机动性仍需要高动力才能支撑。例如,波音也提出过一种超高机动性的ExMAN无人机概念,其构想是利用超越人类极限的瞬间转弯在空战中快速斩杀敌机,就能用短程导弹达到高交换比。其50度后掠角与“暗剑”机的主翼相同,但采用飞翼构型可产生20G瞬间机动所需的最大升力。然而,大升力也会带来大阻力,需要极高规格的发动机才能克服。波音规划了2台发动机,其推力必须相当于F-15的F100发动机,但重量只能有6.5成,才能达到其规划的航程与机动性,而这种发动机其实还不存在。

  对于“暗剑”机也是一样,从小尺寸模型观察,其发动机不但只有一台,而且喷嘴相当小,后续可能要换装大型发动机才能达到超越歼-20、F-22以及苏-57等最新有人五代机的“超高机动性”。(作者署名:北国防务)


Chinese Darksword drones or ShangHaiFang super maneuver is expected to catch up
Chinese Darksword drones or ShangHaiFang super maneuver is expected to catch up
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The debuted "Dark Sword" drone full-size model

Recently, the "Dark Sword" drone, which appeared for the first time 12 years ago, is now returning to people's perspective with full-size model photographs, showing that there are still developments still underway. The "Dark Sword" was first publicized at the 2006 Zhuhai Airshow. The display panel described its characteristics as "supersonic, ultra-high maneuverability, and low detectability, and is mainly used for future air-to-air combat."

It is worth noting that the aerodynamic shape of the "dark sword" is very different from that of foreign drones. This shows that China's aircraft design has embarked on its own track. Why is the Dark Sword different? Today, the defense service in the North talks about this.

The “Dark Sword” drone was first unveiled at the 2006 Zhuhai Airshow. It was described as an air-to-air drone with supersonic, ultra-high maneuverability and stealth performance.

Since the intelligent control technology has made drones practical, drones have become the “star of the future” for the air forces of various countries. Its main advantages actually come from the shortcomings of three human pilots:

Weight: In order to carry the pilot to the air, in addition to freeing the cockpit space for the pilot to work, the aircraft must also provide life-support facilities, display equipment, control equipment, etc. to enable the human pilot to work. If humans are omitted, they can be saved. The weight and resistance of these facilities. For example, some two-seat fighter/attack aircraft will expand their voyage by omitting rear seat pilots and stuffing them into fuel tanks.
Flight time: due to physical and psychological constraints, human working hours cannot be extended without limit, limiting the range of a manned aircraft and the time spent in flight. If you omit the pilot, you can naturally continue to fly before the fuel runs out.
Mobility: Even trained pilots cannot afford 9G or more maneuvers with the help of anti-G flight suits. If you omit the pilot, you can create a body of more than 20G with modern structural technology, and its mobility will surpass any man-made fighter.

Most military drones today use the first or second points mentioned above to exert their advantages. Regarding the third point of maneuverability, when the early U.S. Air Force was studying a drone, it had conceived a drone capable of maneuvering above the limits of mankind. In addition to being used for air combat, it could also be used to circumvent anti-aircraft missiles. However, the drones that were later developed all use stealth as their means of defense. This "super-mobile" unmanned structure is thought to have been left behind by the West.

The "Dark Sword" drone (top) has the air intake below and has vertical tails and pelvic fins. Emphasis on the stealth X-45A drone (bottom) sets the air intake above and removes all tails

For example, the X-45 program funded by the United States Air Force is a typical example of a stealth unmanned attack aircraft, and later became a reference model for Europe and Russia. The design of the “dark sword” machine is very different from that of the X-45. First, most of the stealth drones will place the air intake in the upper part, because the ground-based air defense radar will radiate upwards from the diagonally below. Intake can use the fuselage to block radar waves and reduce the intake requirements of the intake.

However, some fighter jets prefer to pay the price of the radar cross-sectional area to place the intake port below or to the side. The reason is that the back inlet port can easily eat into the turbulence generated by the fuselage at a high angle of attack, which limits the attack of the aircraft maneuver. angle. The "dark sword" used in the belly inlet can be used to rectify the front fuselage, reduce the air angle of attack, showing its emphasis on high angle of attack mobility.

Secondly, most stealth drones will omit the tail because the front and rear wings of the tail wing will scatter radar waves in the normal direction, and the effect of omitting the tail's stealth is better than any absorbing material. "Dark Sword" machine not only has two large vertical tails, but also two pelvic fins, indicating that it has high requirements for lateral stability, usually to maintain stability at high angles of attack or supersonic conditions.

The front wing of the “Dark Sword” drone (top) seems to be a telescopic type. It may not be possible to change the tilt angle after it is extended, unlike the full-motion front wing of X-36 (bottom).

In fact, the United States also has some drones that emphasize mobility, such as the X-36 that Boeing has partnered with NASA. However, the aircraft's original plan was actually to study the maneuverability of a tailless manned fighter. Therefore, although Boeing believed that the front wing is more invisible to stealth, it added a front wing with a vector nozzle to compensate for the loss of maneuverability due to the removal of the vertical tail. . This plan is because there is not enough budget to study in drone way, so there is still a “puppet cockpit” on the plane to simulate the aerodynamic characteristics of the manned aircraft; as for the purpose of the experiment, it is actually to study the special vector nozzle instead of promoting it. Drone mobility.

△ F-14 Winglet Wing can pull the center of lift slightly after it is extended to reduce the stability of supersonic speed

The "Dark Sword" drone also has a front wing, but from the model observation, its front wing seems to be rotating and retracting, and it seems that it can no longer be turned up and down for pneumatic control. This retractable front wing also appeared on the F-14. Its purpose is to reduce stability and improve the maneuverability of supersonic speed. Because the F-14's variable wing can swept back to 68 degrees to reduce the wave resistance at supersonic speeds, the high sweep angle plus the supersonic lift center shift phenomenon will make it harder for the fighter to turn to the maneuver like lead. At this time, the winglet projecting from the wing sleeve can generate a heading moment to slow the backward movement of the lift center. "Dark Sword" uses similar telescopic front wings to show its emphasis on supersonic mobility.

△ The American X-24B (left) is a lifter with a hypersonic speed-to-impedance ratio of 2.5. NASA hopes that this can extend its hypersonic gliding distance from orbit, and the “dark sword” with its main wing and front wing deducted. "The drone (right) is quite similar

How high is the speed of the Dark Sword machine? If the deduction of the front wing and the main wing do not look, followed by a sweep angle of about 80 degrees triangular edge and the fuselage of the fuselage configuration, with a camber vertical tail quite similar to the United States X-24B lift body test machine. The lift body is actually the current hyperspectacular "supersonic gliders." NASA hoped to be able to return to the vehicle as an orbit in the 1960s and landed directly on the runway instead of landing with a parachute.

The X-24B is a relatively high-speed version of the lifting body, which can fly at high speeds at supersonic speeds or make large-radius steering. Therefore, some people think that the Dark Sword can fly at supersonic speeds. However, the two 50-degree swept wings of the “Dark Sword” machine do not see a telescoping mechanism. Therefore, the resistance generated by the “Dark Sword” machine can hardly make it to hypersonic flight.

△(1) Boeing's ExMAN program is one of the few drones that emphasize mobility. (2) The idea is to use stealth and instantaneous 20G maneuverability to quickly turn and shoot down multiple enemy aircraft in air combat. (3) Although its speed only slightly exceeds Mach 1.2, the high lift force of the flying wing configuration can increase the maneuverability of the upper air (yellow area), but it requires two engines to provide sufficient thrust ratio.

From the aspect of appearance, the large proportion of triangular edge strips of the “Dark Sword” machine plus the main wing seems to bring considerable lift. In addition, the features of the belly intake and the rear wing show that it attaches great importance to the stability of the high angle of attack. It does have the main goal of "ultra-high mobility."

However, high mobility still requires high power to support. For example, Boeing has also proposed a concept of ultra-maneuverable ExMAN drones. The idea is to use short-handed missiles to achieve high exchange ratios by using instant turns that exceed the limits of humans to quickly kill enemy aircraft in air combat. The 50 degree sweep angle is the same as the main wing of the Dark Sword, but the use of a flying wing configuration can produce the maximum lift needed for 20 G momentary maneuvers. However, high lift also brings great resistance and requires extremely high-grade engines to overcome. Boeing has planned two engines and its thrust must be equivalent to the F-15's F100 engine, but its weight can only reach 6.5 percent to achieve its planned voyage and maneuverability. However, this engine does not exist yet.

The same is true for the “Dark Sword” machine. From the observation of the small-size model, the engine is not only one, but the nozzle is quite small. The follow-up may have to be replaced with a large-scale engine to reach the newest person beyond the 歼-20, F-22 and Su-57. Five-generation machine "ultra-high mobility." (Author's signature: Northern Defense Affairs)
 
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