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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Boeing_737_MAX_orders_and_deliveries
List of Boeing 737 MAX orders and deliveries
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article lists the orders made by airlines and other buyers for the
Boeing 737 MAX family of aircraft, which is currently being produced by
Boeing Commercial Airplanes, a division of the
Boeing Company.
Initially, the customers for the 737 MAX were not disclosed, except for
American Airlines. On November 17, 2011, Boeing released the names of two other customers –
Lion Air and
Aviation Capital Group. At that time, Boeing reported 700 commitments from nine customers for the 737 MAX.
[1][2] Then on December 13, 2011,
Southwest Airlines announced they would be the launch customer for the 737 MAX with a firm order of 150 aircraft and 150 options.
[3][4]
As of January 31, 2019, Boeing had 5,011 firm orders from 79 identified customers for the 737 MAX,
[5] and the top three identified airline customers for the 737 MAX are:
Southwest Airlines with 280 orders,
Flydubai with 251 orders, and
Lion Air with 201 orders.
[5]
Contents
Orders and deliveries
Orders and deliveries by year
Boeing 737 MAX orders and deliveries
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Total
Orders1509086688614095307596941065,111Deliveries – – – – – –
7422620350
As of January 31, 2019
[5]
Cumulative Boeing 737 MAX orders and deliveries
Orders
Deliveries
As of January 31, 2019
[5]
Orders and deliveries by customer
The following table shows total firm orders and deliveries of Boeing 737 MAX aircraft by variant (where known) and customer, as of January 31st, 2018.
[5]
Order date[n 1] Customer Variant Total Orders Total Deliveries -7 -8 -9 -10 Unk May 15, 2014
9 Air — 1 — — —
301June 12, 2015
AerCap — 85 — 15 —
1005September 29, 2016
Aerolíneas Argentinas — 11 — — -
119November 5, 2012
Aeroméxico — 11 2 — 47
605March 31, 2014
Air Canada — 70 11 — —
6120December 22, 2014
Air China — 14 — — —
1414December 21, 2015
Air Europa — 20 — — —
20—July 3, 2012
Air Lease Corporation — 14 8 — 146
16814December 1, 2014
Air Niugini — 4 — — —
4—September 18, 2018
Air Peace — 10 — — —
10—October 31, 2012
ALAFCO — 40 — — —
40—October 11, 2012
Alaska Airlines — — 32 — —
32—February 1, 2013
American Airlines — 100 — — —
10022May 9, 2016
Arik Air — — — — 8
8—December 20, 2012
Aviation Capital Group — 70 10 20 3
1035September 18, 2012
Avolon — 65 10 20 —
952March 17, 2016
Blue Air — 6 — — —
6—August 13, 2014
BOC Aviation — 77 — 10 —
875June 1, 2018
Boeing Capital Corporation — — — — 75
75—March 21, 2014
Business Jet / VIP Customer(s) — 2 — — 19
212June 14, 2017
CALC China — — — 15 35
50—November 21, 2018
Caribbean Airlines [6] [7] [8] — 12 — — —
12—September 28, 2018
CDB Financial Leasing (Ireland) — — — — 1
11March 14, 2014
China Development Bank — 68 — 10 —
781June 17, 2014
China Eastern Airlines — 13 — — —
1313December 17, 2015
China Southern Airlines — 50 — — —
5016June 19, 2013
CIT Leasing Corporation — — — — 37
37—December 3, 2013
Comair (South Africa) — 8 — — —
81May 30, 2013
Copa Airlines — — 41 15 5
615September 27, 2016
Donghai Airlines — 15 — 10 —
25—October 29, 2014
Enter Air — 2 — — 4
62September 1, 2014
Ethiopian Airlines — 30 — — —
305March 31, 2017
Fiji Airways — 5 — — —
52December 31, 2013
Flydubai — 131 70 50
25114September 12, 2014
Garuda Indonesia — 50 — — —
501September 28, 2012
GECAS — 150 — 20 6
17622October 1, 2012
Gol Transportes Aéreos — 105 — 30 —
1356June 28, 2018
Goshawk Aviation — 20 — — —
20—July 16, 2014
Hainan Airlines — 3 — — 4
77May 21, 2013
ICBC Leasing — — — — 5
55February 12, 2013
Icelandair — 3 2 — —
53June 29, 2018
Jackson Square Aviation — 30 — — —
30—November 19, 2018
Jeju Air — 40 — — —
40—April 23, 2013
Jet Airways — 125 — — —
1256December 11, 2014
Jetlines 5 — — — —
5—August 17, 2017
Japan Investment Advisor — 10 — — —
10—November 9, 2015
Korean Air — 30 — — —
30—February 22, 2012
Lion Air[n 2] — 10 4 100 87
20114July 1, 2016
Malaysia Airlines — 15 — 10 —
25—November 18, 2016
Mauritania Airlines International — 1 — — —
11May 16, 2014
Nok Air — 6 — — —
6—January 24, 2012
Norwegian Air Shuttle — 110 — — —
11018May 27, 2014
Okay Airways — — — 9 —
9—October 19, 2015
Oman Air — 20 — — —
20—December 29, 2016
Qatar Airways — 5 — — —
55July 4, 2013
Royal Air Maroc — 4 — — —
42December 21, 2013
Ruili Airlines — — 6 — 30
36—November 28, 2014
Ryanair[n 3] — 135 — — —
135—March 28, 2018
SCAT Airlines — 6 2 — —
81April 29, 2014
Shandong Airlines — 6 — — —
66December 30, 2014
Shenzhen Airlines — 5 — — —
55November 9, 2012
SilkAir — 37 — — —
375March 13, 2018
SkyUp Airlines — 2 — 5 —
7—September 21, 2018
Smartwings — 8 — — —
81November 10, 2014
SMBC Aviation Capital — 91 — — —
912December 13, 2011
Southwest Airlines[n 4] 30 250 — — —
28031October 23, 2013
SpiceJet — 116 — 20 —
1367February 12, 2014
SunExpress — 15 — — 17
32—June 16, 2018
TAROM — 5 — — —
5—January 15, 2014
Timaero Ireland — — — — 22
222July 9, 2013
TUI Group — 54 — 18 —
7211May 8, 2013
Turkish Airlines — 65 10 — —
757October 17, 2018
Turkmenistan Airlines 3 — — — —
3—October 1, 2012 Unidentified Customer(s) — — — — 1043
1045—July 12, 2012
United Airlines — — 36 100 —
13612April 6, 2018
UTair Aviation — — — — 28
28—May 22, 2016
VietJet Air — 120 — 80 —
200—July 6, 2012
Virgin Australia — 30 — 10 —
40—September 26, 2013
WestJet 23 20 — 12 —
5512December 21, 2013
XiamenAir — 9 — — —
99 Total 61 2634 242 579 1588
5111350
as of January 31, 2019
[5]
Notes
- Order date is based on the initial order for the Boeing 737 MAX aircraft placed by each customer, from Boeing Order & Delivery summary.
- Launch customer of 737 MAX 8 and MAX 9 variants.
- Launch customer of 737 MAX 200 variant.
- Launch customer of 737 MAX 7 variant.
Orders and deliveries graph
The following graph shows total firm orders and deliveries of Boeing 737 MAX aircraft for identified customers,
[nb 1] as of September 30, 2018.
[5]
As of September 30, 2018.
[5]
Notes
- Note that orders from Unidentified Customer(s) are excluded from the graph.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_737_MAX
Boeing 737 MAX
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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It has been
requested that the
title of this article be
changed to
Boeing 737 Max. Please see the relevant discussion on the
discussion page. The page
should not be moved unless the discussion
is closed; summarizing the
consensus achieved in support of the move.
This article
may be affected by the following current event: Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302. Information in this article may change rapidly as the event progresses. Initial news reports may be
unreliable. The
last updates to this article
may not reflect the most current information. Please feel free to
improve this article or discuss changes on the
talk page.
(Learn how and when to remove this template message)
For other 737 variants, see
Boeing 737,
Boeing 737 Classic, and
Boeing 737 Next Generation.
Boeing 737 MAX
A
WestJet Boeing 737 MAX 8 on final approach
Role Narrow-body twin-engine jet airliner National origin United States
Manufacturer Boeing Commercial Airplanes First flight January 29, 2016
[1] Introduction May 22, 2017 with
Malindo Air[2] Status In service
Primary users Southwest Airlines
American Airlines
Air Canada
Norwegian Air Shuttle Produced 2014–present
[3] Number built 350 as of January 2019
[4] Program cost Airframe only: $1–1.8 billion; including engine development: $2–3B
[5] Unit cost
MAX 7: US$99.7 million
MAX 8: US$121.6M
MAX 200: US$124.8M
MAX 9: US$128.9M
MAX 10: US$134.9M as of 2019
[6]
Developed from Boeing 737 Next Generation
The
Boeing 737 MAX is an American
narrow-body aircraft series designed and produced by
Boeing Commercial Airplanes as the fourth generation of the
Boeing 737, succeeding the
Boeing 737 Next Generation (NG).
The new 737 generation was launched on August 30, 2011.
[7] It performed its first flight on January 29, 2016.
[1] The new series gained FAA certification on March 8, 2017.
[8] The first delivery was a MAX 8 on May 6, 2017 to
Malindo Air,
[9] which placed the aircraft into service on May 22, 2017.
[2] The 737 MAX is based on earlier 737 designs. It is
re-engined with more efficient
CFM International LEAP-1B powerplants, aerodynamic improvements (including distinctive split-tip
winglets), and airframe modifications.
The 737 MAX series is offered in four variants, typically offering 138 to 230 seats and a 3,215 to 3,825 nmi (5,954 to 7,084 km) range. The 737 MAX 7, MAX 8, and MAX 9 will replace the 737-700, -800, and -900, respectively. Additional length is offered with the further stretched 737 MAX 10. As of January 2019, the Boeing 737 MAX has received 5,011 firm orders and delivered 350.
[10] Two 737 MAX 8 had suffered fatal crashes as of March 2019.
[11] As of 11 March 2019, several airlines and regulatory authorities had suspended operations of the Boeing 737 MAX 8.
[12]
Contents
Development
Background
In 2006, Boeing started considering the replacement of the 737 with a "clean-sheet" design that could follow the
Boeing 787 Dreamliner.
[13] In June 2010, a decision on this replacement was postponed into 2011.
[14]
On December 1, 2010, Boeing's competitor,
Airbus, launched the
Airbus A320neo family to improve
fuel burn and operating efficiency with new engines: the
CFM International LEAP and
Pratt & Whitney PW1000G.
[15] In February 2011, Boeing's CEO
Jim McNerney maintained "We're going to do a new airplane."
[16] At the March 2011
ISTAT conference, BCA President
James Albaugh was not sure about a 737 re-engine, like Boeing CFO
James A. Bell stated at the
JP Morgan Aviation, Transportation and Defense conference the same month.
[17] The A320neo gathered 667 commitments at the June 2011 Paris Air Show for a backlog of 1,029 units since its launch, setting an order record for a new commercial airliner.
[18]
On July 20, 2011,
American Airlines announced an order for 460 narrowbody jets including 130 A320ceos and 130 A320neos, and intended to order 100
re-engined 737s with CFM LEAPs, pending Boeing confirmation.
[19] The order broke Boeing's monopoly with the airline and forced Boeing into a re-engined 737.
[20] As this sale included a
Most-Favoured-Customer Clause,
Airbus has to refund any difference to American if it sells to another airline at a lower price, so the European manufacturer can not give a competitive price to competitor
United Airlines, leaving it to a Boeing-skewed fleet.
[21]
Program launch
737 MAX 9 mockup at 2012 ILA Berlin
On August 30, 2011, Boeing's board of directors approved the launch of the re-engined 737, expecting a fuel burn 16% lower than the Airbus A320ceo and 4% lower than the A320neo.
[7] Studies for additional drag reduction were performed during 2011, including revised tail cone, natural laminar flow nacelle, and hybrid laminar flow vertical stabilizer.
[22] Boeing abandoned the development of a new design.
[23] Boeing expects the 737 MAX to meet or exceed the range of the Airbus A320neo.
[24] Firm configuration for the 737 MAX was scheduled for 2013.
[25]
In March 2010, the estimated cost to re-engine the 737 according to Mike Bair, Boeing Commercial Airplanes' vice president of business strategy & marketing, would be $2–3 billion including the CFM engine development. During Boeing's Q2 2011 earnings call, former CFO James Bell said the development cost for the airframe only would be 10–15% of the cost of a new program estimated at $10–12 billion at the time.
Bernstein Research predicted in January 2012 that this cost would be twice that of the
Airbus A320neo.
[5]
Fuel consumption is reduced by 14% from the 737NG.
[26] In November 2014, Boeing Chief Executive Officer Jim McNerney said the 737 will be replaced by a new airplane by 2030, slightly bigger and with new engines but keeping its general configuration, probably a composite airplane.
[27]
Production
Boeing 737 MAX roll-out in December 2015 with the first 737 MAX 8
On August 13, 2015, the first 737 MAX fuselage completed assembly at
Spirit Aerosystems in
Wichita, Kansas, for a test aircraft that would eventually be delivered to launch customer
Southwest Airlines.
[28] On December 8, 2015, the first 737 MAX—a MAX 8 named
Spirit of Renton—was rolled out at the
Boeing Renton Factory.
[29][30]
Because
GKN could not produce the
titanium honeycomb inner walls for the
thrust reversers quickly enough, Boeing switched to a composite part produced by Spirit to deliver 47 MAXs per month in 2017. Spirit supplies 70 percent of the 737
airframe, including the fuselage, thrust reverser, engine
pylons,
nacelles, and wing
leading edges.
[31]
A new spar-assembly line with
robotic drilling machines should increase throughput by 33 percent. The
Electroimpact automated panel assembly line sped up the wing lower-skin assembly by 35 percent.
[32] Boeing plans to increase its 737 MAX monthly production rate from 42 planes in 2017 to 57 planes by 2019.
[33]
The rate increase strains the production and by August 2018, over 40 unfinished jets were parked in Renton, awaiting parts or engine installation, as
CFM engines and Spirit fuselages were delivered late.
[34] After parked airplanes peaked at 53 at the beginning of September, Boeing reduced this by nine the following month, as deliveries rose to 61 from 29 in July and 48 in August.
[35]
In collaboration with
Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China Ltd., Boeing has built a completion and delivery facility for the 737 MAX in
Zhoushan, China.
[36][37] This facility initially handles interior finishing only, but will subsequently be expanded to include paintwork. The first aircraft was delivered from the facility to Air China on December 15, 2018.
[38]
Flight testing
The first flight took place on January 29, 2016, nearly 49 years after the maiden flight of the 737, a 737-100, on April 9, 1967.
[1] The first Max 8, 1A001, was used for aerodynamic trials: flutter testing, stability and control, and takeoff performance-data verification, before it was modified for an operator and delivered. 1A002 was used for performance and engine testing: climb and landing performance, crosswind, noise, cold weather, high altitude,
fuel burn and water-ingestion. Aircraft systems including autoland were tested with 1A003. 1A004, with an airliner layout, flew function-and-reliability certification for 300h with a light flight-test instrumentation.
[39]
The 737 MAX gained FAA certification on March 8, 2017.
[8] It was approved by the EASA on March 27, 2017.
[40] After completing 2,000 test flight hours and 180-minute
ETOPS testing requiring 3,000 simulated flight cycles in April 2017,
CFM International notified Boeing of a possible manufacturing quality issue with low pressure
turbine (LPT) discs in LEAP-1B engines.
[41] Boeing suspended 737 MAX flights on May 4,
[9] and resumed flights on May 12.
[42]
Introduction
The Boeing 737 MAX 8 entered service with
Lion Air's subsidiaries
Malindo Air/
Batik Air
The first delivery was a MAX 8, handed over to
Malindo Air (a subsidiary of
Lion Air) on May 16, 2017; it entered service on May 22.
[2] Norwegian Air subsidiary
Norwegian Air International was the second airline to put a 737 MAX into service, when it performed its first
transatlantic flight with a MAX 8 named
Sir Freddie Laker on July 15, 2017 between
Edinburgh Airport in Scotland and
Hartford International Airport in the US state of Connecticut, followed by a second rotation from Edinburgh to
Stewart Airport, New York.
[43]
Boeing aims to match the 99.7% dispatch reliability of the NG.
[44] Southwest Airlines, the launch customer, took delivery of its first 737 MAX on August 29, 2017.
[45] Boeing plans to deliver at least 50 to 75 aircraft in 2017, 10–15% of the more than 500 737s to be delivered in the year.
[9]
After one year of service, 130 have been delivered to 28 customers, logging over 41,000 flights in 118,000 hours and flying over 6.5 million passengers.
flydubai observed 15% more efficiency than the NG, more than the 14% promised, and
dependability reached 99.4%. Long routes include 24 over 2,500 nmi (4,630 km), including a daily
Aerolineas Argentinas service from
Buenos Aires to
Punta Cana over 3,252 nmi (6,023 km).
[46]
Design
In summer of 2011, the objective was to match the A320neo 15% fuel burn advantage, but the initial reduction was 10–12%; it was later enhanced to 14.5%: the fan was widened from 61 inches to 69.4 inches by raising the nose gear and placing the engine higher and forward, the split winglet added 1–1.5%, a relofted tail cone 1% more and electronically controlling the bleed air system improves efficiency.
[47]
Engines
LEAP mockup
Nacelle with chevrons for noise reduction
Main article:
CFM International LEAP
In 2011, the Leap-1B was initially 10–12% more efficient than the previous 156 cm (61 in)
CFM56-7B of the
737NG.
[48] The 18-blade, woven
carbon-fiber fan enables a 9:1
bypass ratio (up from 5.1:1 with the previous 24-blade
titanium fan) for a 40% smaller noise footprint.
[26] The CFM56 bypass ranges from 5.1:1 to 5.5:1.
[49] The two-shaft design has a low-pressure section comprising the fan and three booster stages driven by five
axial turbine stages and a high-pressure section with a 10-stage
axial compressor driven by a two-stage turbine.
[26] The 41:1
overall pressure ratio, increased from 28:1, and advanced hot-section materials enabling higher operating temperatures permit a 15% reduction in
thrust specific fuel consumption (TSFC) along with 20% lower carbon emissions, 50% lower nitrogen-oxide emissions, though each engine weighs 849 lb (385 kg) more at 6,129 lb (2,780 kg).
[26]
In August 2011, Boeing had to choose between 66 in (168 cm) or 68 in (173 cm) fan diameters necessitating few landing gear changes to maintain a 17 in (43 cm) ground clearance beneath the
new engines; Boeing Commercial Airplanes chief executive officer Jim Albaugh stated "with a bigger fan you get more efficiency because of the bypass ratio [but also] more weight and more drag", with more airframe changes.
[50] The smaller Leap-1B engine will weigh less and have a lower frontal area but a lower
bypass ratio leading to a higher thrust specific fuel consumption than the 78 in (200 cm) Leap-1A of the A320neo.[
citation needed]
In November 2011, Boeing selected the larger fan diameter, necessitating a 6–8 in (150–200 mm) longer nose landing gear.
[51][52] In May 2012, Boeing further enlarged the fan to 69.4 in (176 cm), paired with a smaller engine core within minor design changes before the mid-2013 final configuration.
[53]
The nacelle features chevrons for noise reduction like the
787.
[54] A new
bleed air digital regulator will improve its reliability.
[55] The larger engine is cantilevered ahead of and slightly above the wing, and the
laminar flow engine nacelle lipskin is a
GKN Aerospace one-piece, spun-formed aluminum sheet inspired by the 787.
[32]
Aerodynamic improvements
Boeing's new "split tip"
winglet on the 737 MAX
The split tip
wingtip device is designed to maximize lift while staying in the same
ICAO Aerodrome Reference Code letter C gates as current 737s. It traces its design to the
McDonnell Douglas MD-12 1990s twin-deck concept, proposed for similar gate restrictions before the Boeing merger.
[56] It should deliver at least 1.5% improvements in fuel economy or even more if the proposed
laminar flow surface treatment meets expectations. A MAX 8 with 162 passengers on a 3,000 nmi (5,600 km) mission will have up to a 1.8% better fuel burn than a blended-winglet-equipped aircraft and even 1% over 500 nmi (930 km) at Mach 0.79.
[56]
The new winglet is 9 ft 6 in (2.90 m) high.
[32] Other improvements include a re-contoured tail cone, revised
auxiliary power unit inlet and exhaust, aft-body vortex generators removal and other small aerodynamic improvements.
[26] Aviation Partners offers a similar "Split-Tip Scimitar" winglet for previous 737NGs.
[57] It resembles a three-way hybrid between a
blended winglet,
wingtip fence, and
raked wingtip.
Structural changes and other improvements
3-3 Economy Cabin
The 8 in (20 cm) taller nose-gear strut keeps the same 17 in (43 cm) ground clearance of the engine nacelles.
[26] New struts and nacelles for the heavier engines add bulk, the main
landing gear and supporting structure are beefier, and
fuselage skins are thicker in some places for a 6,500 lb (2,900 kg) increase to the MAX 8's empty aircraft weight.
[26] To preserve fuel and payload capacity, its
maximum takeoff weight is 7,000 lb (3,200 kg) heavier.
[26]
Rockwell Collins will supply four 15.1-inch (380 mm) landscape liquid crystal displays (LCD), as used on the 787 Dreamliner, to improve pilots' situational awareness and efficiency.
[58] Boeing plans no major modifications for the 737 MAX flight deck, as it wants to maintain commonality with the 737 Next Generation family. Boeing Commercial Airplanes CEO Jim Albaugh said in 2011 that adding more fly-by-wire control systems would be "very minimal".
[59] Most of the systems are carried from the 737NG for a short differences-training course to upgrade flight crews.
[26]
The 737 MAX extended spoilers are
fly-by-wire controlled.
[32] As production standard, the 737 MAX will feature the Boeing Sky Interior with overhead bins and LED lighting based on the
Boeing 787's interior.
[60]
Variants
The 737-700, -800 and -900ER, the most widespread versions of the previous
737NG,
[10] are replaced by the 737 MAX 7, MAX 8 and MAX 9, respectively
[61] (FAA type certificate:
737-7,
-8, and
-9[8]). The 737 MAX 8 entered service in May 2017,
[2] and the MAX 9 entered service in March 2018.
[62] The MAX 7 is expected to enter service in January 2019, followed by the MAX 200 later in 2019, and the MAX 10 in 2020.
[63]
Boeing forecasts that 60–65% of demand for the airliner will be for the 737 MAX 8 variant, 20–25% for the MAX 9 and MAX 10, and 10% for the MAX 7.
[64]
737 MAX 7
737 MAX 7 at
Farnborough Airshow
Originally based on the 737-700, Boeing announced the redesign of the MAX 7 derived from the MAX 8 at the July 2016
Farnborough Air Show, accommodating two more seat rows than the 737-700 for 138 seats, up 12 seats.
[65][66] The redesign uses the 737-8 wing and landing gear; a pair of overwing exits rather than the single-door configuration; a 46-inch longer aft fuselage and a 30-inch longer forward fuselage; structural re-gauging and strengthening; and systems and interior modifications to accommodate the longer length.
[67] It is to fly 1,000 nmi (1,900 km) farther than the -700 with 18% lower fuel costs per seat. Boeing predicts the MAX 7 to carry 12 more passengers 400 nmi (740 km) farther than A319neo with 7% lower operating costs per seat.
[68] Boeing plans to improve its range from 3,850 nmi (4,430 mi; 7,130 km) to 3,915 nmi (4,505 mi; 7,251 km) after 2021.
[69]
Production on the first 65 ft (19.8 m) long wing
spar for the 737-7 began in October 2017.
[63] Assembly of the first flight-test aircraft began on November 22, 2017
[70] and was rolled out of the factory on February 5, 2018.
[71] The MAX 7 took off for its first flight on March 16, 2018 from the factory in
Renton, Washington and flew for three hours over Washington state.
[72] It reached 250 kn (460 km/h) and 25,000 ft (7,600 m), performed a low
approach, systems checks and an inflight engine restart, and landed in
Moses Lake, Washington, Boeing's flight test center.
[73]
Entry into service with launch operator
Southwest Airlines was expected in January 2019,
[63] but the airline deferred these orders until 2023-2024.
[74] Entry into service with
WestJet is to follow 5 deliveries of five airplane expected in 2019.
[75] Customers for the aircraft include
Southwest Airlines (30),
WestJet (23),
Canada Jetlines (5) and
ILFC Aviation (5).
[10] The MAX 7 seems to have fewer than 100 orders among over 4,300 MAX total sales.
[68]
737 MAX 8
A top view of the MAX 8 showing double
overwing exits
The first variant developed in the 737 MAX series, the MAX 8 will replace the 737-800 with a longer fuselage than the MAX 7. Boeing plans to improve its range from 3,515 nmi (4,045 mi; 6,510 km) to 3,610 nmi (4,150 mi; 6,690 km) after 2021.
[69] On July 23, 2013, Boeing completed the firm configuration for the 737 MAX 8.
[76] The MAX 8 has a lower empty weight and higher maximum takeoff weight than the A320neo and in cruise at 140,500 lb (63,700 kg), it burns 4,460 lb (2,020 kg) per hour at Mach 0.78 (450 kn; 833 km/h) and FL350, at a suboptimal flight level and forward
center of mass.
[26]
The Boeing 737 MAX 8 completed its first flight testing in
La Paz, Bolivia. The 13,300-foot altitude at
El Alto International Airport tested the MAX’s capability to take off and land at high altitudes.
[77] Its first commercial flight was operated by
Malindo Air on May 22, 2017 between Kuala Lumpur and Singapore as Flight OD803.
[2] In early 2017, a new -8 was valued at $52.85 million, rising to below $54.5 million by mid 2018.
[78]
In October 2018, after
the Lion Air crash, the FAA sent out an emergency airworthiness directive to carriers and pilots in training on the 737 MAX 8 "to disengage the aircraft's automated controls if there are anomalies".
[12]
737 MAX 200
In September 2014, Boeing launched a high-density version of the 737 MAX 8, the 737 MAX 200, named for seating for up to 200 passengers in a single-class high-density configuration with slimline seats; an extra exit door is required because of the higher passenger capacity. Boeing states that this version will be 20% more cost efficient per seat than current 737 models, and will be the most efficient narrow-body on the market when delivered, including 5% lower operating costs than the 737 MAX 8.
[79][80] Three of eight galley trolleys are removed to accommodate more passenger space.
[81] A 100 aircraft order with
Ryanair was completed on December 1, 2014.
[82]
In mid-November 2018, the first of the 135 ordered by Ryanair rolled out with an additional set of
exit doors.
[83] It was first flown from Renton on January 13, 2019,
[84] and is due to enter service in April 2019. Ryanair expects to receive four further MAX 200s in 2019.
[85]
Proposed 737-8 ERX
Airlines have been shown a 737-8ERX concept based on the 737 MAX 8 with a higher 194,700 lb (88.3 t) maximum take-off weight using wings, landing gear and central section from the MAX 9 to provide a longer range of 4,000 nautical miles (4,600 mi; 7,400 km) with seating for 150, closer to the
Airbus A321LR.
[86]
737 MAX 9
737 MAX 9 first flight on April 13, 2017
The MAX 9 was first delivered to
Thai Lion Air on March 21, 2018
The 737 MAX 9 will replace the 737-900 and has a longer fuselage than the MAX 8. Boeing plans to improve its range from 3,510 nmi (4,040 mi; 6,500 km) to 3,605 nmi (4,149 mi; 6,676 km) after 2021.
[69] Lion Air is the launch customer with an order for 201 in February 2012.
[32] It made its roll-out on March 7 and first flight on April 13, 2017;
[87] it took off from
Renton Municipal Airport and landed at
Boeing Field after a 2 hr 42 min flight.
[88] It was presented at the 2017
Paris Air Show.
[89]
Boeing 737-9 flight tests were scheduled to run through 2017, with 30% of the -8 tests repeated; aircraft 1D001 was used for autoland, avionics, flutter, and mostly stability-and-control trials, while 1D002 was used for environment control system testing.
[39] It was certified by February 2018.
[90] Asian low-cost carrier Lion Air Group took delivery of the first on March 21, 2018 before entering service with
Thai Lion Air.
[62] As the competing
A321neo attracts more orders, the value of 737-9 is the same as a 2018 737-8 at $53 million.
[91]
737 MAX 10
737 MAX 10 rendering
To compete with the
Airbus A321neo, loyal customers such as
Korean Air and
United Airlines pressed Boeing to develop a larger variant than the MAX 9 which Boeing revealed studies of in early 2016.
[92] As the A321neo had outsold the MAX 9 five-to-one, the proposed MAX 10 included a larger engine, stronger wing, and telescoping
landing gear in mid-2016.
[93] In September 2016, it was reported that the variant would be simpler and lower-risk with a modest stretch of 6–7 ft (1.83–2.13 m) for a length of 143–144 ft (43.6–43.9 m), seating 12–18 more passengers for 192-198 in a dual-class layout or 226-232 for a single class, needing an uprated 31,000 lbf (140 kN)
CFM LEAP-1B that could be available by 2019 or 2020 and would likely require a simple landing-gear modification to move the
rotation point slightly
aft.
[94]
In October 2016, Boeing's board granted authority to offer the stretched variant with two extra fuselage sections forward and aft with a 3,100 nautical miles (3,600 mi; 5,700 km) range reduced from 3,300 nautical miles (3,800 mi; 6,100 km) of the -9.
[92] In early 2017, Boeing showed a 66 in (1.7 m) stretch to 143 feet (44 m), enabling seating for 230 in a single class or 189 in two-class capacity, compared to 193 in two-class seating for the A321neo. The modest stretch of the MAX 10 enables the aircraft to retain the existing wing and CFM Leap 1B engine from the MAX 9 with a trailing-link main landing gear as the only major change.
[95] Boeing 737 MAX Vice President and General Manager Keith Leverkuhn says the design has to be frozen in 2018 for a 2020 introduction.
[92]
Boeing prospects 737-900 operators and 737 MAX 9 customers like
United Airlines,
Delta Air Lines,
Alaska Airlines,
Air Canada,
Lion Air, and Chinese airlines will be interested in the new variant.
[96] Boeing predicts a 5% lower trip cost and seat cost compared to the A321neo.
[97] Air Lease Corporation wants it a year sooner; its CEO John Pleuger stated "It would have been better to get the first airplane in March 2019, but I don't think that's possible".
[98] AerCap CEO Aengus Kelly is cautious and said the -9 and -10 "will cannibalize each other".
[92]
As it progressed towards a telescopic semi-levered main landing gear like the 777 and 787-10, Boeing anticipated a launch at the June 2017
Paris Airshow for a total market of 1,000 airplanes.
[99] Lion Air is a possible launch customer at this Air Show and United Airlines,
Norwegian or
Spicejet are cited as interested, but commitments could be conversions of existing orders rather than new sales.
[100] Ryanair is expected to hold out for the best possible price before placing an order.
[101]
The MAX 10 was launched on June 19, 2017 with 240 orders and commitments from more than ten customers.
[102][103] United Airlines will be the largest 737 MAX 10 customer, converting 100 of their 161 orders for the MAX 9 into orders for the MAX 10.
[104] Boeing ended the 2017 Paris Air Show with 361 orders and commitments, including 214 conversions, from 16 customers,
[105] including 50 orders from Lion Air.
[106]
MAX 10 model at
ILA Berlin Air Show 2018
Its configuration was firmed up by February 2018.
[107] Its modified landing gear will require additional flight-testing.
[39] To fit the 9 in (23 cm) taller main landing gear in the same wheel well, at the lower end the semi-levered gear includes an additional
shock absorber strut to keep the wheels on the ground as the aircraft rotates and move the pivot point aft, and at the upper end a shrinking, translating
mechanical linkage enables it to be drawn in and shortened while being retracted, inspired from
carrier aircraft designs. It weighs 5,500 lb (2,500 kg) less than the A321neo, which needs 7,000 lb (3,200 kg) more takeoff weight and 5,000 lb (2,300 kg) more thrust to fly the same mission.
[108]
By summer 2018, the variant
critical design review was done as it passed 70% of the detailed design. Assembly was underway with a first flight planned for late 2019. The landing gear design has a telescoping oleo-pneumatic strut with a down-swinging lever to permit a 9.5 in (24 cm) taller gear. Driven by the existing retraction system, a shrink-link mechanism at the top of the leg allows the existing
wheel well to remain unchanged to preserve development costs.
[109] Entry into service is slated for July 2020.
[110]
Boeing Business Jet
The
BBJ MAX 8 and
BBJ MAX 9 are proposed
business jets variants of the Boeing 737 MAX 8 and 9 with new
CFM LEAP-1B engines and advanced winglets providing 13% better fuel burn than the
Boeing Business Jet; the BBJ MAX 8 will have a 6,325 nmi (11,710 km) range and the BBJ MAX 9 a 6,255 nmi (11,580 km) range.
[111] The
BBJ MAX 7 was unveiled in October 2016 with a 7,000 nmi (12,960 km) range and 10% lower operating costs than the original BBJ while being larger.
[112] The MAX BBJ 8 first flew on April 16, 2018, before delivery later the same year, and will have a range of 6,640 nmi (12,300 km) with an auxiliary fuel tank.
[113]
Orders and deliveries
Main article:
List of Boeing 737 MAX orders and deliveries
Initially, the customers for the 737 MAX were not disclosed, except for
American Airlines. On November 17, 2011, Boeing released the names of two other customers –
Lion Air and
SMBC Aviation Capital. At that time, Boeing reported 700 commitments from 9 customers for the 737 MAX.
[114][115] On December 13, 2011,
Southwest Airlines ordered 150 737 MAX aircraft with 150 options.
[116]
By December 2011, Boeing had 948 commitments and firm orders from 13 customers for the 737 MAX.
[117] On September 8, 2014,
Ryanair signed an agreement with Boeing to purchase up to 200 new Boeing 737 MAX 200 "gamechanger" aircraft—comprising 100 firm orders and 100 options.
[118] In January 2017, aircraft leasing company GECAS ordered 75 more 737 MAX 8 airliners.
[119]
As of January 2019, Boeing had 5,011 firm orders from 78 identified customers for the 737 MAX.
[4] The top three identified airline customers for the 737 MAX are Southwest Airlines with 280 orders, flydubai with 251 orders, and Lion Air with 251 orders.
[10] The first new series aircraft, a MAX 8, was delivered to
Malindo Air on May 16, 2017.
[9]
Boeing 737 MAX orders and deliveries
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Total
Orders1509086688614095307596941065,111Deliveries – – – – – –
7422620350
As of January 31, 2019
[10]
Cumulative Boeing 737 MAX orders and deliveries
Orders
Deliveries
As of January 31, 2019
[10]
Accidents and incidents
See also: 2019 Boeing 737 MAX groundings
- On October 29, 2018, Lion Air Flight 610, a 737 MAX 8 registration PK-LQP, crashed into the Java Sea 13 minutes after take off from Soekarno–Hatta International Airport, Jakarta, Indonesia. The flight was a scheduled domestic flight to Depati Amir Airport, Pangkal Pinang, Indonesia. All 189 onboard died. This was the first fatal aviation accident and first hull loss of a 737 MAX. The aircraft had been delivered to Lion Air just two months before.[120][121] Following the Lion Air crash, Boeing issued an operational manual guidance, advising airlines how to address erroneous cockpit readings. The accident is under investigation,[122] with the final report expected to be released between August and September 2019.[123]
- On March 10, 2019, Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302, a 737 MAX 8 registration ET-AVJ, crashed approximately six minutes after takeoff from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,[124] on a scheduled flight to Nairobi, Kenya,[125] killing all 149 passengers and 8 crew members on board. The aircraft was only four months old at the time.[126] The cause of the crash is unclear as of March 10, 2019, though the aircraft's vertical speed after takeoff was reported to be unstable.[127] The 737 MAX's Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (MCAS), implicated for faulty angle-of-attack readings in the preliminary report into the Lion Air accident,[128] came under renewed scrutiny due to the apparent similarity of the Ethiopian Airlines crash.[129][130]
On March 11, 2019, in response to the Lion Air and Ethiopian Airlines accidents, Indonesian, Ethiopian, Chinese, other regulatory agencies, and airlines suspended Boeing 737 MAX 8 operations, though other airlines continue to operate the type.
[131]
Specifications
737 MAX Characteristics
[132]
Variant737 MAX 7737 MAX 8 / MAX 200737 MAX 9737 MAX 10[133] Seating 153 (8J + 145Y) to 172 max 178 (12J + 166Y) to 200 max 193 (16J + 177Y) to 220 max 204 (16J + 188Y) to 230 max
Seat pitch 28–29 in (71–74 cm) in high density, 29–30 in (74–76 cm) in economy, 36 in (91 cm) in business
Cargo capacity 1,139 cu.ft / 32.3 m³ 1,540 cu.ft / 43.6 m³ 1,811 cu.ft / 51.3 m³ 1,961 cu.ft / 55.5 m³
Length 116 ft 8 in / 35.56 m 129 ft 6 in / 39.47 m 138 ft 2 in / 42.11 m 143 ft 8 in / 43.8 m
Wing 117 ft 10 in / 35.92 m span, 1,370 sq ft (127 m2) area
[8]Overall height[134] 40 ft 4 in / 12.3 m
MTOW 177,000 lb / 80,286 kg 181,200 lb / 82,191 kg 194,700 lb / 88,314 kg 197,900 lb / 89,765 kg
Maximum Payload 46,040 lb / 20,882 kg
OEW[135] 99,360 lb / 45,070 kg
Fuel capacity 6,820 USgal / 25,816 L - 45,694 lb / 20,730 kg (no ACT)
[a]Engine (× 2) CFM International LEAP-1B, 69 in (175 cm) Fan diameter,
[136] 26,786–29,317 lbf (119–130 kN)
[8]Cruising speed Mach 0.79 (453 kn; 839 km/h)
[137]Range[138] 3,850 nmi / 7,130 km 3,550 nmi / 6,570 km
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_737_MAX#cite_note-141 3,550 nmi / 6,570 km[c] 3,300 nmi / 6,110 km[c]Ceiling 41,000 ft (12,000 m)[8]Takeoff (ISA, SL, MTOW) 8,300 ft (2,500 m) 8,500 ft (2,600 m) Landing (SL, MLW) 5,000 ft (1,500 m) 5,500 ft (1,700 m) ICAO Type[140] B37M B38M B39M B3JM
See also
Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
Notes