http://www.sohu.com/a/297208642_561670?spm=smpc.home.top-news4.1.1551029235578QaTZsBU
各地“抢人大战”正酣，他们为什么选择“重返北上广”？
2019-02-24 08:12 人才 /户口 /房价
中新经纬客户端2月24日电 (韦君)当各地吹响“抢人大战”的号角时，在上海已经工作了七八年的吴超觉得，是时候挪个地方了。
本科毕业的吴超在上海一直没有落下户口，也买不起一套房子，这成为他心上的一根刺。而他家乡所在的省会城市，不仅可以在几个月内办好户口，还能提供一笔人才补贴，最关键的是，房价比上海要低很多。
就这样，吴超在2018年告别了上海。不过，一年时间不到，吴超又选择了回到上海。
在各地“抢人大战”愈演愈烈的时候，吴超们却选择从“逃离北上广”到“重返北上广”，这背后到底都经历了什么？
资料图 中新经纬摄
“在家乡，我已经成了问题青年”
行李箱的后脚轮越过出租屋的门槛，在地板上落定后，刘海沙感到了前所未有的踏实。这不是他第一次从家乡回北京，但却是第一次在这个出租屋里找到了“回来”的感觉。大学毕业进入第六年的他，刚刚完成了一个在他看来十分重大的决定。
“今年回来了，就是要准备在这里扎根了。”他坦言，春节前他曾经在无数个夜晚辗转反侧，在回老家和留在北京两个选项之间摇摆不定了好长一段时间。
最终，是回老家过春节这趟旅程促成了最后的决定。
今年28岁的刘海沙来自某中部省份的一个小县城，每次在向别人介绍自己家乡时，他都会自觉地加一句：“小地方，您应该没听说过吧？”
这个小县城曾经承载着刘海沙童年快乐的回忆，不过近年来已经逐渐被林立的高楼和越来越宽的马路所取代。“学区房”的概念也被当地开发商“引进”炒作，在短短两三年间刘海沙母校附近的楼盘价格几乎翻了三倍，被炒到了近六千元一平，而当地居民的人均收入不过两千元一个月。
虽然硬件设施日益现代化，但小县城里大部分人的思想却依旧封闭保守。这次过年，因为劝长辈不要在有孕妇的客厅里吸烟，刘海沙被一众亲戚斥为“忤逆”“忘本”“读了几年书就不知道自己几斤几两了”。再加上他又拒绝了姑姑安排的相亲，“不懂事”的标签就被亲戚们牢牢贴在他身上了。
“长辈说的肯定都是对的，无论怎样他们是不会害你的。”最疼他的母亲这样宽慰他。而母亲正是因为听长辈的话，在一段充满家暴和背叛的婚姻中苦苦挣扎了大半辈子，只因为离了婚的女人在当地人的眼光中都是“有问题的”。
28岁仍没结婚的刘海沙也正成为他们眼中的“问题青年”。“这孩子是不是有什么毛病啊，有的话早早去找医生看啊，早发现早治疗，年纪这么大了可耽误不起了啊。”母亲在亲戚和邻居们的旁敲侧击下也没忍住，偷偷问刘海沙单位有没有组织体检，体检有没有什么问题。
当刘海沙告诉母亲，自己没有任何健康问题只是不想马上结婚，且大城市里35岁甚至40岁不结婚的人多得是时，他的母亲竟流露出难以置信的表情。
在家过年的七天里，他几乎天天都被各种亲戚，甚至是“那种叫不上名字的亲戚”至少催一次婚。“也不知道他们对别人生活的掌控欲从哪来的，可能是太闲了吧。”
资料图 中新经纬常涛 摄
“我的孩子不能在那样的环境长大”
和刘海沙不一样的是，李思淼十分确定，家乡大部分人的问题都在于“太闲了”。“一天到晚没事干，不八卦还怎么生活？”
无所事事致富无门也滋生出投机风气。近年来，在李思淼的家乡，一个东部三线城市，地下六合彩的盛行就是一个最好的佐证。
李思淼的伯母早年间曾在沿海地区做生意，在那里她将毕生积蓄投入到六合彩中，最终几乎血本无归。但她并不死心，在回到老家后，她“致力”于推广这种地下六合彩，并逐渐学会了如何坐庄。在把周围的亲戚朋友拉下水后，李思淼的伯母从某种程度上实现了自己的“致富”梦，而代价是和这些亲戚朋友完全断绝了关系。
而李思淼的父亲致富的手段则是放贷。几年前，他将一笔钱投给了当地政府重点扶持的一个项目，月息2分，也就是意味着借10万元出去一年到期后能收回12.4万元，年化利率高达24%。不过，在收了三年的利息后，这个项目走到了破产清算的边缘。钱能否要的回来，是他父亲目前最大的担忧。
不过尽管如此，过年期间，李思淼的父亲仍在外头天天打牌消磨时间。打牌，是小城的一项重要娱乐。三五个人在一起，能从早打到晚，甚至连饭都不用吃。如果不会打牌，就会被当地人视为“异类”：怎么连牌都不会打哦？！一些人甚至管将“打牌”直接叫做“上班”：一是因为牌搭子们通常有固定的集合时间，打起牌来也和上班族一样“朝九晚五”；二是因为这可能是他们收入的唯一来源。
资料图 中新经纬薛宇飞 摄
大人们忙着打牌，小孩则在一旁忙着吃鸡(玩游戏)、刷抖音。李思淼的表弟今年刚上一年级，因为长期毫无节制地使用电子产品，表弟的眼睛近视程度已经快赶上他了。
李思淼问表弟今年英语考了多少分，表弟摇头晃脑就来了一段抖音神曲：“我睡不着，我脑壳疼，我脑袋有点昏。”再问数学有没有学设未知数，表弟又回了另一段抖音神曲：“好嗨哟，感觉人生已经到达了巅峰，感觉人生已经到达了高潮。”
在北上广的小孩们周末忙于穿梭在各个补习班时，小表弟的周末活动通常就是吃鸡。“给他一个平板电脑，他就是一个安静的美男子，不然就秒变熊孩子。”小表弟的父母，也就是李思淼的舅舅舅妈平常忙于打牌，一般也不管小表弟在做什么。他们也没有素质教育的概念，在他们眼里，语文数学90分以上就是好孩子，画画、跳舞这些特长都是不务正业。
有了这次春节回家的经历，李思淼更加坚定了自己要留在深圳的信念。“别的先不说，我实在不想让我未来的小孩在那样的环境里长大。”
“我不想当精神上的流浪人口”
资料图 中新经纬董湘依 摄
在上海的时候，吴超经常会冒出当“逃兵”的念头。不合口味的上海本帮菜、潮湿的天气、令人绝望的房价，以及遥遥无期的户口……这些都是他想逃离的理由。哪怕不回家，去个压力不那么大的二线城市，应该也要比现在轻松吧。
2018年伊始，多个城市打响抢人大战，给户口，给补贴，这些对于至今在上海仍只有一张居住证的吴超来说都是诱惑。
“没有户口，有时感觉自己就是流浪人口，没有归属感。”在家人的催促下，吴超在去年年初已经通过中介办好了家乡省会城市的户口。本着先成家后立业的想法，吴超决定入手一套当地的房产，准备就此扎下根来踏实生活。
令他没有想到的是，在等待户口下来的这段时间里，当地房价迎来了一轮迅速飙升，每平米单价迅速突破2万元每平方米，而当地的平均工资不过6000元左右。吴超犹豫了半天最后掏出了在上海工作多年的积蓄付了首付，不过贷款压力对收入大幅缩水的他来说并不比在上海轻松。
如果说工资的断崖式下跌已经让吴超感到不适应，那么接下来在这个网红二线城市的一年工作经历更是让吴超感到无所适从。
“在上海的时候觉得每个公司都是要交五险一金的，回去后才知道，交这些都是要看指标算名额的。”更让吴超“大开眼界”的是，一个依靠技术人员“吃饭”的公司，里面居然塞满了各类关系户，这些人平常几乎不来上班，除非单位要发过节福利了。
在上海的时候，吴超只需要干好自己的活儿就行了，而来到这家公司后，吴超发现，他还需要补的课实在太多。“酒桌上该怎么敬酒，领导的母亲有什么喜好，同事里谁谁谁绝对不能得罪，一天下来，真正干的事不多，但是心特别累。”不仅如此，工作较真的吴超还被几个同事在背地里吐槽“没有眼力劲儿”，“拉低了其他同事的生活质量”。
压垮他的最后一根“稻草”是年终奖。以往习惯了按绩效排名来发年终奖的吴超在同事的闲聊中偶然间知道，尽管自己在这家公司技术排名最靠前，但是年终奖却远远排在几个关系户之后。
在春节前一天，他向领导递交了辞呈，决定休息一段时间就回上海，哪怕短期内拿不到户口。“我不想当精神上的流浪人口，在一个没有认同感的环境里浪费自己的青春。”
刘海沙则庆幸自己只用一周时间就完成了这趟心理上的“重返”旅程。当他拉着重重的行李箱行走在小区的马路上发出节奏清晰的哒哒声时，他突然想起了郑愁予的诗，他告诉自己，这一次，他是归人，而不是过客。
近两年，全国各地人才政策密集出台，“抢人大战”轮番上演。数据显示，截至2月18日，在2019年发布各种人才引进与落户等政策的城市已超过16个。业内人士预计，未来将会有更多城市加入2019年升级版的“抢人大战”行列。
然而，与此同时，像吴超一样在逃离北上广后又选择重返北上广的人却并不在少数。BOSS直聘研究员院长常濛曾透露，根据数据追踪，有23%的人会在逃离北上广深15个月左右时，选择回归一线城市。(中新经纬APP)
(为保护采访对象隐私，刘海沙、李思淼、吴超均为化名)
Why are they choosing to "return to the north and the north"?
2019-02-24 08:12
Talent
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Account
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House price
Zhongxin Jingwei Client February 24 (Wei Jun) When all the localities blew the horn of "grabbing war", Wu Chao, who has been working in Shanghai for seven or eight years, felt that it was time to move a place.
Wu Chao, who graduated from undergraduate school, has never left an account in Shanghai and can't afford a house. This has become a thorn in his heart. The capital city where his hometown is located can not only manage his household registration within a few months, but also provide a talent subsidy. The most important thing is that the house price is much lower than that of Shanghai.
In this way, Wu Chao bid farewell to Shanghai in 2018. However, less than a year later, Wu Chao chose to return to Shanghai.
When the "grabbing wars" intensified in various places, Wu Chao chose to escape from the north to the north and return to the north and the north. What happened behind this?
Data map
“In my hometown, I have become a problem youth”
After the trunk of the trunk crossed the threshold of the rental house, Liu Haisha felt unpretentious after landing on the floor. This is not the first time he returned to Beijing from his hometown, but it was the first time he found the feeling of "coming back" in this rental house. After graduating from college to the sixth year, he has just completed a decision that is significant to him.
"This year, I am going to be ready to take root here." He admits that he had tossed and turned on countless nights before the Spring Festival, and he had been swinging between his two homes and staying in Beijing for a long time.
In the end, it was the return to the hometown for the Spring Festival, which led to the final decision.
Liu Haisha, 28, is from a small county in a central province. Every time he introduces his hometown to others, he will consciously add: "Small place, you should have never heard of it?"
This small county town once carried the memories of Liu Haisha's childhood happiness, but in recent years it has gradually been replaced by tall buildings and wider roads. The concept of “school district housing” was also “introduced” by local developers. In just two or three years, the price of real estate near Liu Haisha’s alma mater has almost tripled, and it has been fired to nearly 6,000 yuan, and the per capita income of local residents. However, two thousand dollars a month.
Although the hardware facilities are increasingly modernized, the minds of most people in small county towns are still closed and conservative. During the Chinese New Year, because the elders were advised not to smoke in the living room where pregnant women were pregnant, Liu Haisha was dismissed as a "rebellious" and "forgotten" by a group of relatives. "If you read a few years, you will not know how many pounds you have." In addition, he refused the blind date arranged by his aunt, and the label of "I don't understand things" was firmly attached to him by relatives.
"The elders are definitely right, they will not harm you anyway." The mother who hurts his mother so relieved him. The mother, because of listening to her elders, struggled for a lifetime in a marriage full of domestic violence and betrayal, only because the divorced woman was "problematic" in the eyes of the locals.
Liu Haisha, who is still unmarried at the age of 28, is also becoming a "problem youth" in their eyes. "Is there any problem with this child? If you go to the doctor early, if you find it early, you can find it early. If you are so old, you can't afford it." The mother didn't hold back when she hit the side of the relatives and neighbors. , secretly asked the Liu Haisha unit whether there is a medical examination, there is no problem with the physical examination.
When Liu Haisha told his mother that he did not have any health problems and just didn't want to get married right away, and that the 35-year-old or even 40-year-old who did not get married in the big city had a lot of time, his mother showed an incredible expression.
In the seven days of the Chinese New Year at home, he was almost every day greeted by various relatives, even "the kind of relatives who could not be named". "I don't know where their desire to control other people's lives comes from. It may be too busy."
In the data map, the new Jingwei Chang Tao
"My child can't grow up in that environment."
Unlike Liu Haisha, Li Sizhen is very certain that the problem for most people in their hometown is that they are “too busy”. "I have nothing to do all day long, how can I live without my gossip?"
Nothing to do to get rich has no chance to breed speculation. In recent years, in the hometown of Li Siwei, an eastern third-tier city, the prevalence of underground Mark Six is one of the best evidence.
Li Sizhen's aunt had done business in the coastal areas in her early years, where she invested her life savings in the Mark Six, and eventually she lost almost nothing. But she did not give up, after returning to her hometown, she "dedicated" to promote this underground lottery, and gradually learned how to sit on the village. After pulling the relatives and friends around, Li Sizhen's aunt realized her own "get rich" dream to some extent, at the cost of completely severing relations with these relatives and friends.
The means by which Li Sizhen’s father got rich was to lend. A few years ago, he invested a sum of money in a project supported by the local government. The monthly interest rate is 2 points, which means that after borrowing 100,000 yuan, he can recover 124,000 yuan after the expiration of one year. The annualized interest rate is as high as 24 yuan. %. However, after receiving three years of interest, the project went to the brink of bankruptcy liquidation. Whether the money can come back is his father’s biggest worry at present.
However, despite the New Year, Li Sizhen’s father still spends his time playing cards every day. Playing cards is an important entertainment for a small town. Three or five people can be together, from early to late, and even eat without eating. If you don't play cards, you will be regarded as a "heterogeneous" by the locals: How can you not play the cards? ! Some people even call "playing cards" directly as "going to work": First, because the card players usually have a fixed set time, playing cards is the same as the office workers "to nine to five"; second, because this may be The only source of their income.
Data map, new latitude and longitude Xue Yufei photo
The adults are busy playing cards, and the children are busy eating chickens (playing games) and brushing. Li Si's cousin just came to the first grade this year. Because of the long-term uncontrolled use of electronic products, his cousin's eyes have already caught up with his myopia.
Li Sizhen asked the cousin how many points he had in English this year. The cousin shook his head and shook his head. He came to a vibrating divine song: "I can't sleep, my brain hurts, my head is a little faint." Then ask if there is any unknown in mathematics, and the cousin returns. Another piece of vibrating divine song: "Well, I feel that life has reached the peak, and I feel that life has reached a climax."
When the children in Kitakami are busy on weekends in various cram schools, the little cousin’s weekend activities are usually chicken. "Give him a tablet, he is a quiet beautiful man, or he will become a bear child in seconds." The younger cousin's parents, Li Si's aunt, are usually busy playing cards, and generally do not care what the young cousin is doing. They also do not have the concept of quality education. In their eyes, language mathematics is more than 90 points is a good child. Painting and dancing are all bad things.
With the experience of returning home during the Spring Festival, Li Sizhen has further strengthened his belief that he wants to stay in Shenzhen. "Don't say anything else, I really don't want my future children to grow up in such an environment."
"I don't want to be a spiritual wandering person"
Data Map, New Jingwei, Dong Xiangyi
When he was in Shanghai, Wu Chao often had the idea of being a deserter. Unpalatable Shanghai's local dishes, wet weather, desperate housing prices, and distant accounts are all... these are the reasons he wants to escape. Even if you don't go home, going to a second-tier city with less pressure should be easier than it is now.
At the beginning of 2018, many cities started to fight for people, giving hukou and subsidies. These are temptations for Wu Chao, who still has only one residence permit in Shanghai.
“Without a hukou, I sometimes feel that I am a wandering person and have no sense of belonging.” Under the urging of his family, Wu Chao had already managed the hukou of his provincial capital city through an intermediary at the beginning of last year. In line with the idea of starting a family and establishing a business, Wu Chao decided to start a local property and prepare to take a solid foundation.
What he did not expect was that during the waiting period for the household registration, local housing prices ushered in a rapid rise, and the unit price per square meter quickly broke through 20,000 yuan per square meter, while the local average wage was only about 6,000 yuan. Wu Chao hesitated for a long time and finally took out the savings that had been working in Shanghai for many years, but the loan pressure was not as easy for him to shrink in income.
If the cliff-like decline in wages has made Wu Chao feel uncomfortable, then the next year's work experience in this second-tier city of Hong Kong is to make Wu Chao feel at a loss.
"When I was in Shanghai, I felt that every company had to pay five insurances and one gold. After returning, I realized that it is necessary to look at the indicators to calculate the quota." What makes Wu Chao "open-minded" is that one relies on The company that the technicians "eat" is filled with all kinds of related households. These people usually do not come to work, unless the unit has to pay for the welfare.
When I was in Shanghai, Wu Chao only needed to do his own work. After coming to this company, Wu Chao found that he still needed to make up too many classes. "How to toast at the wine table, what kind of preferences the leading mother has, whoever in the colleague must not offend, there is not much to do in the day, but the heart is particularly tired." Not only that, but the work is really true. A colleague vomited in the back "no eyesight" and "lowered the quality of life of other colleagues."
The last "straw" that crushed him was the year-end award. In the past, Wu Chao, who used to rank the year-end awards according to performance rankings, accidentally knew in his colleagues' chats that although he was the top technology in the company, the year-end awards were far behind several related households.
One day before the Spring Festival, he submitted his resignation to the leader and decided to return to Shanghai after a break, even if he could not get a hukou in the short term. “I don’t want to be a spiritual wandering person, wasting my youth in an environment without identity.”
Liu Haisha was glad that he had completed this psychological “return” journey in just one week. When he pulled the heavy luggage and walked on the road in the community to make a rhythm of clear rhythm, he suddenly remembered the poem of Zheng Yuyu, he told himself that this time, he is a return, not a passer.
In the past two years, talent policies across the country have been intensively introduced, and the “grab war” has been staged. According to the data, as of February 18, there were more than 16 cities that announced various talent introduction and settlement policies in 2019. Industry insiders expect that more cities will join the 2019 upgraded version of the "grabbing war" in the future.
However, at the same time, people like Wu Chao who have chosen to return to Beishangguang after fleeing from the north to the north are not in the minority. Chang Meng, a dean of BOSS direct research, has revealed that according to data tracking, 23% of people will choose to return to the first-tier cities when they flee from the north to the depths of 15 months. (Zhongxin Jingwei APP)
(To protect the privacy of interviewees, Liu Haisha, Li Sizhen, and Wu Chao are all pseudonyms)
各地“抢人大战”正酣，他们为什么选择“重返北上广”？
2019-02-24 08:12 人才 /户口 /房价
中新经纬客户端2月24日电 (韦君)当各地吹响“抢人大战”的号角时，在上海已经工作了七八年的吴超觉得，是时候挪个地方了。
本科毕业的吴超在上海一直没有落下户口，也买不起一套房子，这成为他心上的一根刺。而他家乡所在的省会城市，不仅可以在几个月内办好户口，还能提供一笔人才补贴，最关键的是，房价比上海要低很多。
就这样，吴超在2018年告别了上海。不过，一年时间不到，吴超又选择了回到上海。
在各地“抢人大战”愈演愈烈的时候，吴超们却选择从“逃离北上广”到“重返北上广”，这背后到底都经历了什么？
资料图 中新经纬摄
“在家乡，我已经成了问题青年”
行李箱的后脚轮越过出租屋的门槛，在地板上落定后，刘海沙感到了前所未有的踏实。这不是他第一次从家乡回北京，但却是第一次在这个出租屋里找到了“回来”的感觉。大学毕业进入第六年的他，刚刚完成了一个在他看来十分重大的决定。
“今年回来了，就是要准备在这里扎根了。”他坦言，春节前他曾经在无数个夜晚辗转反侧，在回老家和留在北京两个选项之间摇摆不定了好长一段时间。
最终，是回老家过春节这趟旅程促成了最后的决定。
今年28岁的刘海沙来自某中部省份的一个小县城，每次在向别人介绍自己家乡时，他都会自觉地加一句：“小地方，您应该没听说过吧？”
这个小县城曾经承载着刘海沙童年快乐的回忆，不过近年来已经逐渐被林立的高楼和越来越宽的马路所取代。“学区房”的概念也被当地开发商“引进”炒作，在短短两三年间刘海沙母校附近的楼盘价格几乎翻了三倍，被炒到了近六千元一平，而当地居民的人均收入不过两千元一个月。
虽然硬件设施日益现代化，但小县城里大部分人的思想却依旧封闭保守。这次过年，因为劝长辈不要在有孕妇的客厅里吸烟，刘海沙被一众亲戚斥为“忤逆”“忘本”“读了几年书就不知道自己几斤几两了”。再加上他又拒绝了姑姑安排的相亲，“不懂事”的标签就被亲戚们牢牢贴在他身上了。
“长辈说的肯定都是对的，无论怎样他们是不会害你的。”最疼他的母亲这样宽慰他。而母亲正是因为听长辈的话，在一段充满家暴和背叛的婚姻中苦苦挣扎了大半辈子，只因为离了婚的女人在当地人的眼光中都是“有问题的”。
28岁仍没结婚的刘海沙也正成为他们眼中的“问题青年”。“这孩子是不是有什么毛病啊，有的话早早去找医生看啊，早发现早治疗，年纪这么大了可耽误不起了啊。”母亲在亲戚和邻居们的旁敲侧击下也没忍住，偷偷问刘海沙单位有没有组织体检，体检有没有什么问题。
当刘海沙告诉母亲，自己没有任何健康问题只是不想马上结婚，且大城市里35岁甚至40岁不结婚的人多得是时，他的母亲竟流露出难以置信的表情。
在家过年的七天里，他几乎天天都被各种亲戚，甚至是“那种叫不上名字的亲戚”至少催一次婚。“也不知道他们对别人生活的掌控欲从哪来的，可能是太闲了吧。”
资料图 中新经纬常涛 摄
“我的孩子不能在那样的环境长大”
和刘海沙不一样的是，李思淼十分确定，家乡大部分人的问题都在于“太闲了”。“一天到晚没事干，不八卦还怎么生活？”
无所事事致富无门也滋生出投机风气。近年来，在李思淼的家乡，一个东部三线城市，地下六合彩的盛行就是一个最好的佐证。
李思淼的伯母早年间曾在沿海地区做生意，在那里她将毕生积蓄投入到六合彩中，最终几乎血本无归。但她并不死心，在回到老家后，她“致力”于推广这种地下六合彩，并逐渐学会了如何坐庄。在把周围的亲戚朋友拉下水后，李思淼的伯母从某种程度上实现了自己的“致富”梦，而代价是和这些亲戚朋友完全断绝了关系。
而李思淼的父亲致富的手段则是放贷。几年前，他将一笔钱投给了当地政府重点扶持的一个项目，月息2分，也就是意味着借10万元出去一年到期后能收回12.4万元，年化利率高达24%。不过，在收了三年的利息后，这个项目走到了破产清算的边缘。钱能否要的回来，是他父亲目前最大的担忧。
不过尽管如此，过年期间，李思淼的父亲仍在外头天天打牌消磨时间。打牌，是小城的一项重要娱乐。三五个人在一起，能从早打到晚，甚至连饭都不用吃。如果不会打牌，就会被当地人视为“异类”：怎么连牌都不会打哦？！一些人甚至管将“打牌”直接叫做“上班”：一是因为牌搭子们通常有固定的集合时间，打起牌来也和上班族一样“朝九晚五”；二是因为这可能是他们收入的唯一来源。
资料图 中新经纬薛宇飞 摄
大人们忙着打牌，小孩则在一旁忙着吃鸡(玩游戏)、刷抖音。李思淼的表弟今年刚上一年级，因为长期毫无节制地使用电子产品，表弟的眼睛近视程度已经快赶上他了。
李思淼问表弟今年英语考了多少分，表弟摇头晃脑就来了一段抖音神曲：“我睡不着，我脑壳疼，我脑袋有点昏。”再问数学有没有学设未知数，表弟又回了另一段抖音神曲：“好嗨哟，感觉人生已经到达了巅峰，感觉人生已经到达了高潮。”
在北上广的小孩们周末忙于穿梭在各个补习班时，小表弟的周末活动通常就是吃鸡。“给他一个平板电脑，他就是一个安静的美男子，不然就秒变熊孩子。”小表弟的父母，也就是李思淼的舅舅舅妈平常忙于打牌，一般也不管小表弟在做什么。他们也没有素质教育的概念，在他们眼里，语文数学90分以上就是好孩子，画画、跳舞这些特长都是不务正业。
有了这次春节回家的经历，李思淼更加坚定了自己要留在深圳的信念。“别的先不说，我实在不想让我未来的小孩在那样的环境里长大。”
“我不想当精神上的流浪人口”
资料图 中新经纬董湘依 摄
在上海的时候，吴超经常会冒出当“逃兵”的念头。不合口味的上海本帮菜、潮湿的天气、令人绝望的房价，以及遥遥无期的户口……这些都是他想逃离的理由。哪怕不回家，去个压力不那么大的二线城市，应该也要比现在轻松吧。
2018年伊始，多个城市打响抢人大战，给户口，给补贴，这些对于至今在上海仍只有一张居住证的吴超来说都是诱惑。
“没有户口，有时感觉自己就是流浪人口，没有归属感。”在家人的催促下，吴超在去年年初已经通过中介办好了家乡省会城市的户口。本着先成家后立业的想法，吴超决定入手一套当地的房产，准备就此扎下根来踏实生活。
令他没有想到的是，在等待户口下来的这段时间里，当地房价迎来了一轮迅速飙升，每平米单价迅速突破2万元每平方米，而当地的平均工资不过6000元左右。吴超犹豫了半天最后掏出了在上海工作多年的积蓄付了首付，不过贷款压力对收入大幅缩水的他来说并不比在上海轻松。
如果说工资的断崖式下跌已经让吴超感到不适应，那么接下来在这个网红二线城市的一年工作经历更是让吴超感到无所适从。
“在上海的时候觉得每个公司都是要交五险一金的，回去后才知道，交这些都是要看指标算名额的。”更让吴超“大开眼界”的是，一个依靠技术人员“吃饭”的公司，里面居然塞满了各类关系户，这些人平常几乎不来上班，除非单位要发过节福利了。
在上海的时候，吴超只需要干好自己的活儿就行了，而来到这家公司后，吴超发现，他还需要补的课实在太多。“酒桌上该怎么敬酒，领导的母亲有什么喜好，同事里谁谁谁绝对不能得罪，一天下来，真正干的事不多，但是心特别累。”不仅如此，工作较真的吴超还被几个同事在背地里吐槽“没有眼力劲儿”，“拉低了其他同事的生活质量”。
压垮他的最后一根“稻草”是年终奖。以往习惯了按绩效排名来发年终奖的吴超在同事的闲聊中偶然间知道，尽管自己在这家公司技术排名最靠前，但是年终奖却远远排在几个关系户之后。
在春节前一天，他向领导递交了辞呈，决定休息一段时间就回上海，哪怕短期内拿不到户口。“我不想当精神上的流浪人口，在一个没有认同感的环境里浪费自己的青春。”
刘海沙则庆幸自己只用一周时间就完成了这趟心理上的“重返”旅程。当他拉着重重的行李箱行走在小区的马路上发出节奏清晰的哒哒声时，他突然想起了郑愁予的诗，他告诉自己，这一次，他是归人，而不是过客。
近两年，全国各地人才政策密集出台，“抢人大战”轮番上演。数据显示，截至2月18日，在2019年发布各种人才引进与落户等政策的城市已超过16个。业内人士预计，未来将会有更多城市加入2019年升级版的“抢人大战”行列。
然而，与此同时，像吴超一样在逃离北上广后又选择重返北上广的人却并不在少数。BOSS直聘研究员院长常濛曾透露，根据数据追踪，有23%的人会在逃离北上广深15个月左右时，选择回归一线城市。(中新经纬APP)
(为保护采访对象隐私，刘海沙、李思淼、吴超均为化名)
Why are they choosing to "return to the north and the north"?
2019-02-24 08:12
Talent
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Account
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House price
Zhongxin Jingwei Client February 24 (Wei Jun) When all the localities blew the horn of "grabbing war", Wu Chao, who has been working in Shanghai for seven or eight years, felt that it was time to move a place.
Wu Chao, who graduated from undergraduate school, has never left an account in Shanghai and can't afford a house. This has become a thorn in his heart. The capital city where his hometown is located can not only manage his household registration within a few months, but also provide a talent subsidy. The most important thing is that the house price is much lower than that of Shanghai.
In this way, Wu Chao bid farewell to Shanghai in 2018. However, less than a year later, Wu Chao chose to return to Shanghai.
When the "grabbing wars" intensified in various places, Wu Chao chose to escape from the north to the north and return to the north and the north. What happened behind this?
Data map
“In my hometown, I have become a problem youth”
After the trunk of the trunk crossed the threshold of the rental house, Liu Haisha felt unpretentious after landing on the floor. This is not the first time he returned to Beijing from his hometown, but it was the first time he found the feeling of "coming back" in this rental house. After graduating from college to the sixth year, he has just completed a decision that is significant to him.
"This year, I am going to be ready to take root here." He admits that he had tossed and turned on countless nights before the Spring Festival, and he had been swinging between his two homes and staying in Beijing for a long time.
In the end, it was the return to the hometown for the Spring Festival, which led to the final decision.
Liu Haisha, 28, is from a small county in a central province. Every time he introduces his hometown to others, he will consciously add: "Small place, you should have never heard of it?"
This small county town once carried the memories of Liu Haisha's childhood happiness, but in recent years it has gradually been replaced by tall buildings and wider roads. The concept of “school district housing” was also “introduced” by local developers. In just two or three years, the price of real estate near Liu Haisha’s alma mater has almost tripled, and it has been fired to nearly 6,000 yuan, and the per capita income of local residents. However, two thousand dollars a month.
Although the hardware facilities are increasingly modernized, the minds of most people in small county towns are still closed and conservative. During the Chinese New Year, because the elders were advised not to smoke in the living room where pregnant women were pregnant, Liu Haisha was dismissed as a "rebellious" and "forgotten" by a group of relatives. "If you read a few years, you will not know how many pounds you have." In addition, he refused the blind date arranged by his aunt, and the label of "I don't understand things" was firmly attached to him by relatives.
"The elders are definitely right, they will not harm you anyway." The mother who hurts his mother so relieved him. The mother, because of listening to her elders, struggled for a lifetime in a marriage full of domestic violence and betrayal, only because the divorced woman was "problematic" in the eyes of the locals.
Liu Haisha, who is still unmarried at the age of 28, is also becoming a "problem youth" in their eyes. "Is there any problem with this child? If you go to the doctor early, if you find it early, you can find it early. If you are so old, you can't afford it." The mother didn't hold back when she hit the side of the relatives and neighbors. , secretly asked the Liu Haisha unit whether there is a medical examination, there is no problem with the physical examination.
When Liu Haisha told his mother that he did not have any health problems and just didn't want to get married right away, and that the 35-year-old or even 40-year-old who did not get married in the big city had a lot of time, his mother showed an incredible expression.
In the seven days of the Chinese New Year at home, he was almost every day greeted by various relatives, even "the kind of relatives who could not be named". "I don't know where their desire to control other people's lives comes from. It may be too busy."
In the data map, the new Jingwei Chang Tao
"My child can't grow up in that environment."
Unlike Liu Haisha, Li Sizhen is very certain that the problem for most people in their hometown is that they are “too busy”. "I have nothing to do all day long, how can I live without my gossip?"
Nothing to do to get rich has no chance to breed speculation. In recent years, in the hometown of Li Siwei, an eastern third-tier city, the prevalence of underground Mark Six is one of the best evidence.
Li Sizhen's aunt had done business in the coastal areas in her early years, where she invested her life savings in the Mark Six, and eventually she lost almost nothing. But she did not give up, after returning to her hometown, she "dedicated" to promote this underground lottery, and gradually learned how to sit on the village. After pulling the relatives and friends around, Li Sizhen's aunt realized her own "get rich" dream to some extent, at the cost of completely severing relations with these relatives and friends.
The means by which Li Sizhen’s father got rich was to lend. A few years ago, he invested a sum of money in a project supported by the local government. The monthly interest rate is 2 points, which means that after borrowing 100,000 yuan, he can recover 124,000 yuan after the expiration of one year. The annualized interest rate is as high as 24 yuan. %. However, after receiving three years of interest, the project went to the brink of bankruptcy liquidation. Whether the money can come back is his father’s biggest worry at present.
However, despite the New Year, Li Sizhen’s father still spends his time playing cards every day. Playing cards is an important entertainment for a small town. Three or five people can be together, from early to late, and even eat without eating. If you don't play cards, you will be regarded as a "heterogeneous" by the locals: How can you not play the cards? ! Some people even call "playing cards" directly as "going to work": First, because the card players usually have a fixed set time, playing cards is the same as the office workers "to nine to five"; second, because this may be The only source of their income.
Data map, new latitude and longitude Xue Yufei photo
The adults are busy playing cards, and the children are busy eating chickens (playing games) and brushing. Li Si's cousin just came to the first grade this year. Because of the long-term uncontrolled use of electronic products, his cousin's eyes have already caught up with his myopia.
Li Sizhen asked the cousin how many points he had in English this year. The cousin shook his head and shook his head. He came to a vibrating divine song: "I can't sleep, my brain hurts, my head is a little faint." Then ask if there is any unknown in mathematics, and the cousin returns. Another piece of vibrating divine song: "Well, I feel that life has reached the peak, and I feel that life has reached a climax."
When the children in Kitakami are busy on weekends in various cram schools, the little cousin’s weekend activities are usually chicken. "Give him a tablet, he is a quiet beautiful man, or he will become a bear child in seconds." The younger cousin's parents, Li Si's aunt, are usually busy playing cards, and generally do not care what the young cousin is doing. They also do not have the concept of quality education. In their eyes, language mathematics is more than 90 points is a good child. Painting and dancing are all bad things.
With the experience of returning home during the Spring Festival, Li Sizhen has further strengthened his belief that he wants to stay in Shenzhen. "Don't say anything else, I really don't want my future children to grow up in such an environment."
"I don't want to be a spiritual wandering person"
Data Map, New Jingwei, Dong Xiangyi
When he was in Shanghai, Wu Chao often had the idea of being a deserter. Unpalatable Shanghai's local dishes, wet weather, desperate housing prices, and distant accounts are all... these are the reasons he wants to escape. Even if you don't go home, going to a second-tier city with less pressure should be easier than it is now.
At the beginning of 2018, many cities started to fight for people, giving hukou and subsidies. These are temptations for Wu Chao, who still has only one residence permit in Shanghai.
“Without a hukou, I sometimes feel that I am a wandering person and have no sense of belonging.” Under the urging of his family, Wu Chao had already managed the hukou of his provincial capital city through an intermediary at the beginning of last year. In line with the idea of starting a family and establishing a business, Wu Chao decided to start a local property and prepare to take a solid foundation.
What he did not expect was that during the waiting period for the household registration, local housing prices ushered in a rapid rise, and the unit price per square meter quickly broke through 20,000 yuan per square meter, while the local average wage was only about 6,000 yuan. Wu Chao hesitated for a long time and finally took out the savings that had been working in Shanghai for many years, but the loan pressure was not as easy for him to shrink in income.
If the cliff-like decline in wages has made Wu Chao feel uncomfortable, then the next year's work experience in this second-tier city of Hong Kong is to make Wu Chao feel at a loss.
"When I was in Shanghai, I felt that every company had to pay five insurances and one gold. After returning, I realized that it is necessary to look at the indicators to calculate the quota." What makes Wu Chao "open-minded" is that one relies on The company that the technicians "eat" is filled with all kinds of related households. These people usually do not come to work, unless the unit has to pay for the welfare.
When I was in Shanghai, Wu Chao only needed to do his own work. After coming to this company, Wu Chao found that he still needed to make up too many classes. "How to toast at the wine table, what kind of preferences the leading mother has, whoever in the colleague must not offend, there is not much to do in the day, but the heart is particularly tired." Not only that, but the work is really true. A colleague vomited in the back "no eyesight" and "lowered the quality of life of other colleagues."
The last "straw" that crushed him was the year-end award. In the past, Wu Chao, who used to rank the year-end awards according to performance rankings, accidentally knew in his colleagues' chats that although he was the top technology in the company, the year-end awards were far behind several related households.
One day before the Spring Festival, he submitted his resignation to the leader and decided to return to Shanghai after a break, even if he could not get a hukou in the short term. “I don’t want to be a spiritual wandering person, wasting my youth in an environment without identity.”
Liu Haisha was glad that he had completed this psychological “return” journey in just one week. When he pulled the heavy luggage and walked on the road in the community to make a rhythm of clear rhythm, he suddenly remembered the poem of Zheng Yuyu, he told himself that this time, he is a return, not a passer.
In the past two years, talent policies across the country have been intensively introduced, and the “grab war” has been staged. According to the data, as of February 18, there were more than 16 cities that announced various talent introduction and settlement policies in 2019. Industry insiders expect that more cities will join the 2019 upgraded version of the "grabbing war" in the future.
However, at the same time, people like Wu Chao who have chosen to return to Beishangguang after fleeing from the north to the north are not in the minority. Chang Meng, a dean of BOSS direct research, has revealed that according to data tracking, 23% of people will choose to return to the first-tier cities when they flee from the north to the depths of 15 months. (Zhongxin Jingwei APP)
(To protect the privacy of interviewees, Liu Haisha, Li Sizhen, and Wu Chao are all pseudonyms)
