C919 airworthiness certificate PRC Wrenched AMDK by balls

[tun_dr_m]

How did it worked?

It is very raw, if my C919 has no airworthiness certificate from you, I will ban your aircraft products by the exact same ways. So AMDK's balls came off!





http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2017-11-12/doc-ifynshev5464441.shtml

C919将量产中国仍大买波音飞机 只因中美签了这协议
2017年11月12日 09:14 新浪军事







新浪扶翼 行业专区

波音飞机
　　2017年11月9日，中国航空器材集团公司与波音公司在北京签署了300架波音飞机的批量采购协议，总价值超过370亿美元。中国一直是美国波音的主要市场，原本购买波音飞机也没什么大不了的，但看到第二天的一则新闻却让很多人感到不解。

　　11月10日11时38分，C919首架大客机在上海浦东机场起飞，转场1400多公里飞往西安阎良，全面展开后续的试飞任务。有业内人士指出，此次转场飞行是C919的第一次远距离飞行，下一步将开始进行研发试飞和适航取证工作，这也证明C919将很快批量生产。可既然C919离投入使用的日子已经很近了，那为何我国还一口气那么买下那么多波音客机？

C919
　　首先我们从C919目前的流程来看。C919虽说近期频繁试飞，但离量产还有好几年的时间，还不是一款成熟客机，这从我国ARJ21飞机的量产速度也能看出。而且C919作为我国自主研发的宽体客机，一旦问世并取得成功，将对我国航空事业带来很大的收益，所以得精益求精不能出一点问题。

　　其次回顾下之前的一则新闻。中国民航局官网10月23日发布消息称，中美签署《适航实施程序》，于2017年10月17日正式生效，这意味着一直卡在中国大飞机面前的适航证将很快得到解决。而且欧洲航空安全局（EASA）和美国联航航空管理局（FAA）颁布的适航证有双边互认协议，也就是说EASA通过的审核，FAA不会额外审核就颁发适航证，反之亦然。这可是美国送我国的一个大礼，证明美国打算在民航领域加强与我国的合作，共同在高达万亿美元的市场中和全球其他航空公司角逐。

C919
　　这可不是危言耸听，美国波音和空客公司虽在全球占有很大的比率，但近年来无法灵活适应市场，以至于出现订单减少、开始裁员的局面。再加上其他航空公司虎视眈眈，加拿大与巴西实力就很不俗，俄罗斯也在研发新型宽体客机。

　　这种背景下，中国在民航市场上与美国进行合作，过渡期买下300架波音客机显然一点都不吃亏，等待着我们的将会是一个更广阔的世界。（作者署名：前沿哨所）



http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2017-11-12/doc-ifynstfh5978286.shtml



中国民航在美国航空领域获得承认 这一成果让俄羡慕
2017年11月12日 10:05 新浪军事







新浪扶翼 行业专区
　　2017年10月17日起，中美间的《适航实施程序》正式生效，这是由中国民用航空局，简称：CAAC与美国联邦航空局，简称：FAA达成的一份重要协议。其内容规定了两国民用航空产品的全面对等互认，内容涵盖适航审定在设计批准、生产监督活动、出口适航批准、设计批准证后活动及技术支持等方面的合作。如果理解正确的话，中美在民航飞机的型号认证相互间认可，一方认证完全，向另一方提供相关文件，过个程序即可获另一方的认证，再不再需要另行认证。

这对C919进入国际市场是一个好消息
　　这个意义可不小，现代国际民航领域，有关飞机型号的适航性认证相当重要，如果一个型号没有美国的FAA适航证，那么不要说，销售给美国的航空公司，连在美国机场着陆都不许。这是美方在费尽心机防范以后最终决意放弃，终于同意向中国做出一大让步，这是对中国进步的承认。

　　以前一款中国制造的民用飞机要进入美国市场，就必须花费大量使用去拿FAA适航证，如今情况变成了，只要通过中国的民用航空局认证，那么美国自动承认其通过FAA认证，事情可就好办多了！

运12是最早拿到西方适航证的中国产飞机
　　当然了，这一成果也不容易，中国直到上世纪80年代时，才开始真正接触西方的适航证体系，开始逐步在民用飞机的设计与制造引入，那时我们无能力向美国出口民用飞机，但是这个工作坚持了下来，运12的改进主要目标就是要达到美国适航证的要求，后来也因此成功打入美国市场。

　　中国民航制定的适航性标准与美国高度相似，有人说为：美国标准的中国化，其实某些条款比美国要求更高，甚至中没有的，比如：高原性能，可是想让美国认可却不容易，中国在ARJ21的研制、生产和投运过程中，就请FAA全程伴随，让美方了解中国民航认证程序和能力的举措。

ARJ21是第一个走完全程的型号
　　ARJ21在研制之初，即提出在要求适航认证的要求，2003年3月，民航局同意受理，从2010年开始进行认证项目，到2014年12月获到中国民航颁发型号适航证，前后耗时近12年，具体的验证用4年多。既便如此，美方也是直到拖到今天才算签了字。

　　这也许就是啥叫：此一时彼一时？中国正在发生巨大的变化，美国已经不得不承认这一点，我们的进步已经悄然迫使在美国航空领域完成由拒绝到承认的转变，这个真不容易。也足以让俄罗斯羡慕了，以前俄制伊尔96因拿不到西方适航证，无法进入在西方市场立足，俄方愿意与中国联合造大客机的主要原因之一，俄罗斯自已绕不过美国的适航证管理。

伊尔96至今无法进入西方市场
　　中国经过努力工作得到认可美方，以后不仅ARJ21可以方便的进入国际市场，连C919等也不会成为问题。与美国答成协议，只是开始了，随后我们也将与欧洲，及其他国家的相互承认认证的协议也很快达成，只是程序问题，而不是技术问题。（作者署名：军事天地）

 

[tun_dr_m]

https://www.wsj.com/articles/china-aircraft-exports-cleared-for-takeoff-under-faa-deal-1509947425


Dow Jones, a News Corp company
China Aircraft Exports Cleared for Takeoff Under FAA Deal
U.S. regulator signs airworthiness certification agreement shortly before Trump’s arrival in China
By
Trefor Moss
Updated Nov. 7, 2017 6:10 a.m. ET

SHANGHAI—Just ahead of U.S. President Donald Trump’s visit to China, U.S. aviation regulators signed a new pact with their Chinese counterparts that effectively opens the door to selling China-made airplanes and parts to the U.S. and other countries.

The agreement boosts Beijing’s hopes of eventually becoming a global supplier of commercial jetliners and of breaking into a market currently dominated by Boeing Co. and Airbus SE.

The...

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[tun_dr_m]

https://www.shine.cn/archive/busine...iness-certification-from-Europe/shdaily.shtml


C919 to get airworthiness certification from Europe
By Yang Jian | 00:01 UTC+8 April 28, 2017 |

Print Edition




CHINA’S homegrown passenger jet C919 is likely to receive airworthiness certification from the European aviation safety regulator, a key step for the narrow-body aircraft to enter the Western market, officials said yesterday.

Patrick Ky, executive director of the European Aviation Safety Agency, said at an inaugural session of an aviation safety conference in Shanghai yesterday that certifying the C919 was part of ongoing talks for a bilateral air safety agreement between the two regions.

The Civil Aviation Administration of China is conducting airworthiness tests on the C919, said Li Jian, deputy director of CAAC.

The airworthiness tests measure the aircraft’s suitability for safe flight, and the airworthiness certificate is issued by the national aviation regulator.

Once the EASA certifies the C919’s airworthiness, the single-aisle aircraft can be sold to European countries. China and the United States are also negotiating a bilateral airworthiness agreement, the CAAC has said.

The aircraft has completed 118 tests, including 21 taxiing tests, and is ready for its maiden flight, He Dongfeng, general manager of the Commercial Aircraft Corp of China, told the conference.

Shanghai Airport Authority said the plane’s maiden flight is scheduled for early May.

The C919, with 168 seats and a range of 5,000 kilometers, will compete with the updated Airbus A320 and Boeing’s new-generation 737.

 

[Lubricant_ky]

I am watching this. An assembly line for CR-929 is being prepared in China for 1st unit of this Wide Body airliner with between 250 to 416 seat capacity. It is going to be Sino-Russian JV for development. But each of them wants their own engines, meaning it will be Russian engine if you ordered from Moscow and Chinese engine if you ordered from Beijing, I think.



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRAIC_CR929

CRAIC CR929
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
CR929

Role Wide-body twinjet airliner
National origin China, Russia
Manufacturer CRAIC (Comac - UAC JV)
First flight 2025-2028 (projected)[1]
Introduction 2025-2028 (projected)[1]
Status Joint-Venture established[1]
Program cost $13-20 billion[2]
The CRAIC CR929, formerly known as Comac C929, is a planned long-range 250-to-320-seat wide-body twinjet airliner family to be developed by China-Russia Commercial Aircraft International Corporation (CRAIC), a joint-venture between Chinese Comac and Russian United Aircraft Corporation (UAC), to challenge the Airbus and Boeing duopoly.

Contents

• 1 Development
  • 1.1 CRAIC joint venture
• 2 Engines
• 3 Specifications
• 4 See also
• 5 References
• 6 External links

Development
In June 2011, Comac was studying the 290 seats C929 and 390 seats C939 wide-body aircraft.[3] In June 2012, Russia and China were to set up a joint venture between UAC and Comac to develop after demand evaluation for at least seven years and $7-12 billion an Il-96 successor and produce several hundred aircraft, with Russia contributing its knowledge and China providing the resources.[4]

In May 2014, a memorandum on cooperation was reached and a feasibility study completed in autumn 2014. UAC estimates a 8,000 widebody worldwide demand through 2033, with 1,000 in China. In November 2014 UAC said it would have a 12,000 km (6,500 nmi) range while Comac pointed a gap for a 7,400 km (4,000 nm) moderate range ; seating was targeted for 250-280 seats with later shrink and stretch. In February 2015 preliminary design had begun. In 2016 should be launched with detailed design a nine-year, $13 billion development program, targeting a 2025 introduction. Comac was likely to develop and build the fuselage while UAC handles the composite wing and fin.[5]

In June 2015, an agreement targeted a mid-2021 first flight, certification and initial deliveries in 2024. The airframe would be 50% composite and 15% titanium, UAC would deliver in 2019-2020 the first 360 ft (110 m) wide composite wing.[6] In November 2015 was announced the more fuel-efficient, re-engined Ilyushin IL-96-400M as a more attainable and affordable alternative.[7]

In June 2016 was signed an agreement to set up a 50-50 joint venture.[8] In November 2016 at Zhuhai Airshow Comac and UAC searched suppliers and approached Honeywell and United Technologies.[9] Its mock-up was exhibited there.[10] Comac and UAC estimated the development at 10 years, implying a first delivery in 2027 if the joint company is established and the program is launched in 2017.[11]

CRAIC joint venture
The China-Russia Commercial Aircraft International Corporation Limited (CRAIC) 50-50 joint venture was launched on May 22, 2017 in Shanghai, targeting a 2025-2028 maiden flight and first delivery. It aims to take 10% of a market dominated by Boeing and Airbus of 9,100 widebodies over 20 years through 2035, with a plane 10-15% cheaper to run.[1] Based in Shanghai where the assembly line will be located, CRAIC will oversee the programme : technology development, manufacturing, marketing, sales, customer services, and programme management. The fuselage will be aluminium, total investment will be $13-20 billion.[2]



Seating : 1-2-1 in First, 2-2-2 in Business and 3-3-3 in Economy
For 2023–45, UAC and Comac forecast a 7,000 widebodies demand for $1.5 trillion - an average of $214 million, their goal for first delivery is 2027. The 280 passengers capacity over 12,000 km is comparable to the Airbus A330-900 but with a nine-abreast economy seating, the shrink would seat 230 while the stretch 320. Major suppliers will be picked among 169 companies by the end of 2018, as detailed design should be completed and a joint engineering center in Moscow with a branch in Shanghai will oversee development, employing around 100 engineers from both countries. Comac's will be in charge of the fuselage sections, horizontal and vertical stabilizers, wing fairings, nose cone and landing gear; UAC will develop the composite wing, wing flap systems, engine pylons and main landing gear, with Chinese manufacture if it is cheaper.[12]

According to COMAC. China will design and make the fuselage of the C929, while Russia will design the wings of the wide-body passenger aircraft, which is currently under development. China and Russia will each take half of the work, and send design staff for exchange visits on a non-scheduled basis. Although the main design center is in Russia, Shanghai will also have its own design office.[13][14] China could see the joint venture involving joint financial investments, rather than an intellectual property sale, as Russia wants with the research and development center in Moscow and the aircraft manufacturing in Shanghai.[15][16]

It will be named CR 929 (CR stands for China-Russia) and will come in three variants: the -500 will carry 250 passengers in three-classes with a range of 14,000 km (7,560 nmi), the -600 will have 280 seats and a range of 12,000 km (6,480 nmi) and the -700 will carry 320 over 10,000 km (5,400 nmi). Concept approval is slated for 2017, early configuration and preliminary design for 2018, design documentation for 2021, first flight for 2023 and introduction for 2025. It will be powered by a western engine at first before an indigenous power plant is developed between Russia's United Engine Corporation and China's AECC, to start testing in 2022 and be certificated in 2027.[17]

Engines
A competitive widebody would initially need Western powerplants and onboard systems.[5] The aircraft would need a 77,000–88,000 lbf (340–390 kN) thrust turbofan.[6] Initially, the engine is likely to be supplied by Rolls-Royce or General Electric that already have products in this class.[18]

At November 2014 Zhuhai Airshow, a later high-thrust joint turbofan was discussed between Avic Commercial Aircraft Engines and United Engine Corporation (UEC), with parameters defined in early 2015 for an introduction between 2025 and 2030.[5] In September 2017, a memorandum of understanding was signed between Rostec's UEC and Aero Engine Corporation of China: initially joint research and customer requirements analysis and definition, then determining engine design and operating parameters before testing in 2022 and certification in 2027.[19]

A more powerful version of the Aviadvigatel PD-14 developed for the Irkut MC-21 could be developed after its certification in 2017, with a 50% scaled up core.[6] In May 2016 began the development of a 35 tf (77,000 lbf) Russian engine Aviadvigatel PD-35 for the twinjet, expected to enter service in 2025.[20] A derivative of the Kuznetsov NK-32 PD-30 powering the Tupolev Tu-160 supersonic bomber have also been proposed in August 2015.[21]

China have been working independently on the CJ-2000 engine.[22] There were also reports that Ivchenko-Progress AI-38 engine that were to be co-developed between China and Ukraine could be a possible candidate,[23] however commentators believe it have become unlikely after the signing of MoU between Russian UEC and Chinese AECC.[24]

Specifications
Specifications[25]
Variants -600
3-class seating 258-280
2-class seating 261-291
1-class seating 321-416
Length 57.5-63.43 m / 189-208 ft
Wingspan 58-61 m / 190-200 ft
Height 17.9 m / 58.7 ft
Fuselage width 5.92 m / 19.4 ft
Fuselage height 6.07 m / 19.9 ft
Cabin max width 5.61 m / 18.4 ft
MTOW 208.8–234 t (460,000–516,000 lb)
Payload 48.83–50.4 t (107,700–111,100 lb)
Fuel 103.7 t (229,000 lb)
Turbofans (2x) TBA
Thrust 71,226–75,000 lbf (316.83–333.62 kN)
Cruise Mach 0.85 (490 kn; 908 km/h)
Range 12,000 km / 6,480 nmi