http://slide.mil.news.sina.com.cn/k/slide_8_62085_76236.html#p=1
学啥都不学好：台军天弓系列防空导弹到底有几斤几两
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
在今年4月，千呼万唤始出来的“天弓3增程型防空飞弹”总算开始了自己的测验。9日晚上，由天弓3改装的靶弹在台东地区的成功镇基翚渔港先行发射升空，并在达到预定高度后立刻调头像下俯冲以模拟战术弹道导弹的再入过程。按原定计划时，这时候作为拦截弹的“天弓3增程”应该升空了。然而令人失望的是，该导弹以一种比较尴尬的方式度过了这次测验——在地面准备发射时，发射系统不知道哪里发生了故障，导致控制信号不稳定，因此试验直接被终止。
学啥都不学好：台军天弓系列防空导弹到底有几斤几两
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
2/ 15
天弓3本来就属于对岸射高最大的导弹，因此用来扮演模拟战术弹道导弹的靶弹，也算差强人意的正常操作。虽然这次试验最终失败，但由于其敏感的试验目的和试验对象，该导弹还是成功的“上了热搜”。不过目前天弓3与其增程型被披露的内容并不算很多，因此我们只能根据相关信息进行一些旁敲侧击式的推测。
学啥都不学好：台军天弓系列防空导弹到底有几斤几两
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
首先得从“天弓”的来历说起。上世纪中美建交后，对岸的军购途径瞬间被堵上了大半，而这时岛内为数不多的远程防空力量是已经非常落后的MIM-14“奈基大力神”。而很显然，这种早期的防空导弹在进入70年代后已经显得落伍了，而如果继续使用到80年代那恐怕就是大号烟花。因此“中科院”的黄孝宗院长开始研制新一代远程防空导弹。根据相关人员的回忆录等，我们可以发现一个有趣的事情，最早天弓计划的主要研制单位为主攻冲压发动机的二所，这帮人并不把这当回事，仍然把冲压发动机当作自己的优先课题。
学啥都不学好：台军天弓系列防空导弹到底有几斤几两
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
4/ 15
结果在1980年3月，伪“参谋总长”宋长志只好强硬的要求天弓与天马计划中，天弓计划优先（天马计划为弹道导弹项目），又在“中科院”内部对是否有能力研制和是否应该找雷神等美国公司寻求技术产生分歧导致项目进展不顺时，宋长志罕见的拿出了“不换思想就换人”的态度，并随后将天弓专案主持人撤换为黄孝宗。此时的天弓计划分为使用冲压发动机的甲型，和使用固体火箭的乙型作为备案。
学啥都不学好：台军天弓系列防空导弹到底有几斤几两
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
5/ 15
不管怎么说，这个追求自主的精神还是比上世纪80年代，大陆部分人喊出的“造不如买，买不如租”更加值得尊敬的。造不出来那是能力问题，有没有先想着自己造是态度问题。而当年的对岸一直认为，即使不能完全独立自主，那么能学一点，能多造一点总是好的。也正是在这种思想的指导下，对岸“自研”了号称“亚洲人第一三代机”的 “经国号”。
学啥都不学好：台军天弓系列防空导弹到底有几斤几两
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
言归正传，纯自主研发固然勇气可嘉，但科学规律毕竟摆在那里。因此台湾当局仍想方设法弄到了MIM-104，也就是爱国者防空导弹的约85%的技术资料。而“中科院”则在整合了MIM-104技术后推出了以天弓乙案为基础的天弓1（原来的天弓甲案由于搞不定冲压发动机下马）。不过，由于此时对岸并无能力自研主动雷达导引头，因此虽然长得像爱国者，但是天弓1仍然是中段惯导+末端半主动雷达导引，因此其作战受照射雷达限制。其防空系统的核心则是代号长白雷达的相控阵雷达，该雷达技术来源为通用公司的ADAR-HP。
7/ 15
但天弓1项目大量引进不同来源的子系统也在后来给项目带来了大麻烦——天弓1中最令人抓狂的其实是导弹系统的射控系统。导弹技术来自雷神公司，雷达来自通用电气，对岸并没有获得底层接口和修改的能力。最后不得不在霍克的基础上鼓捣出了“天合界面”。
而天弓2则是对付高速高空战机（比如打个J-8）的天弓1拉皮版（不过改为了主动雷达制导），并且在此基础上开发出了代号3124的天弓2B型“短程弹道导弹”。由于其区区500公里射程和令人怀疑的战斗部质量，并没有太大的讨论价值。不过，台军至少在天弓2上成功试验了主动雷达导引头和垂直发射，这就为天弓3做好了准备。
9/ 15
其实天弓3的诞生与我们还是颇有渊源，那是1996年的夏天，随着局势的恶化，7月21日、22日、23日这三天内每天都对台湾附近海域实施了东风-15战术弹道导弹的试验打击行动。紧接着在对岸1996-2000年度的预算内，“中科院”就编列了研发天弓反导弹系统基础研究计划，当时称为“低空层反战术弹道导弹”（ATBM）。因此我们有理由相信，该弹的设计还是考虑到了，甚至可以说是优先考虑了反弹道导弹的要求，而不是有很多人说的“只是写上去好看”、“追逐潮流”什么的。毕竟，在2001年批准“层系计划”的陈水扁可是真的知道他们会挨什么。
10/ 15
自1996年到2000年，天弓3开始了“确认阶段”，在此期间对子系统与关键零部件进行了“技术攻关”，成功解决了例如导引头、相控阵雷达等技术难题；2000到2009年为“工程发展阶段”，这时候主要是进行导弹与系统构型的最终确认，2001年天弓3进行了第一次试射、2007年又进行第一次拦截测试；2009年到2011年为“军种主导之作战测评”，用于衡量武器系统的各项性能，并成功进行了单发拦截和波次射击试验，证明了该型导弹的多目标同时接战能力。于是很快，在2011年，天弓3就通过了测试。成为了对岸现役中最先进的导弹。“中科院”宣称新的天弓3有着高达7马赫的极速和最大50G的过载。
11/ 15
而此次试验的天弓3 增程型，则是基于天弓3与“强弓专案”的产物。其最大特色是部分地方使用了玻璃纤维塑料代替金属，同时“采用了二级火箭”。这些改动可以说是平淡无奇，甚至于对天弓3改进型的评价到此就可以结束了——笔者并不赞同有些人所谓的“完全是两个不同导弹”的说法。毕竟一个防空导弹加了一截，换了个造外壳的材料，舵面不改，导引头不改，制导算法不改，这算哪门子的“完全不同”？
12/ 15
从另一个角度说，我们也很难认为这次改进提升了导弹的拦截高度，因为并没有相对应的高空机动能力。这两处改动完全只是针对导弹的射程，而反导导弹面临的硬性挑战不止是导弹动力射程足够远能飞的足够高，还要在足够高的地方拥有足够好的机动能力。由于高空的空气稀薄，因此要么加大弹翼提升舵效，要么就老老实实加装侧置的发动机来加强机动能力，但目前披露的照片上显示，天弓3改并没有在这些地方下功夫。
13/ 15
此外，老天弓3飞上去再俯冲提速模拟弹道导弹，就意味着这次试验的拦截高度不可能比老天弓3的最大拦截高度更高。因此天弓3增程型的最大优势其实可能并不是能把射高提升多少，而可能是尽可能的加大射击斜距，以期在更远的半径上拦截导弹。这一点在技术上并不需要对导弹的制导和气动进行太大的修改，难处仅仅在于弹体的动力。而台湾又恰好有在美制霍克退役背景下弥补防空空缺的客观需求。
14/ 15
不过，天弓3的最大进步其实并非是其终于有了反导能力，而是在于其终于实现了“自行化”。此前的天弓1、2要么需要固定阵地，要么就极度依赖固定的“长白雷达”，这次的天弓3总算全部都搬上了拖车，不至于打起来时被人精确定位当靶子一样敲掉。事实上台军在防空方面的最大问题就是，台军早就被渗透成了筛子，解放军倒着都能把台军防空阵地的坐标背出来。在解放军强大的饱和攻击下，能机动部署的天弓3包括他那可以机动部署的相控阵雷达，或许是最可能在第一波突袭中生存下来的。
15/ 15
但问题在于，对岸的机动部署也只学了个半桶水——美国。然而众所周知，美国人的野战防空就是废物中的废物、垃圾中的垃圾，其拖车机动和中、俄的车载防空相比，简直就是牵引炮兵遇上了自行火炮。而台军就继承了美军拖车部署麻烦耗时、需要高等级公路等等的一系列的缺陷。因此，虽然天弓3和其增程型的出现标志着对岸对自己未来可能遭受的打击方式有着很清楚的认识，但显然还是对自己的生存能力有着较为天真的自信的。
http://slide.mil.news.sina.com.cn/k/slide_8_62085_76236.html#p=1
Nothing to learn: Taiwan ’s Tiangong series of anti-aircraft missiles weigh a few pounds
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
1/15
In April of this year, the "Sky Bow 3 Extended Range Anti-aircraft Missile", which came out with thousands of calls, finally started its own test. On the evening of the 9th, a target modified by Tiangong 3 was first launched into the Jiuyu fishing port in the successful town of Taitung. After reaching a predetermined altitude, it immediately dived down to simulate the re-entry process of tactical ballistic missiles. According to the original plan, the "Sky Bow 3 Range" as an interceptor should be launched. However, it was disappointing that the missile passed the test in an awkward way-when the ground was ready to launch, the launch system did not know where the failure occurred, resulting in unstable control signals, so the test was directly terminated. .
Nothing to learn: Taiwan ’s Tiangong series of anti-aircraft missiles weigh a few pounds
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
2/15
The Tiangong 3 was originally a missile with the highest firing height on the shore, so it was used as a target for simulating tactical ballistic missiles, which was considered unsatisfactory for normal operation. Although this test failed in the end, due to its sensitive test purpose and test object, the missile was successfully "hot searched". However, at present, the contents of Tiangong 3 and its extended range are not much, so we can only make some side-by-side predictions based on relevant information.
Nothing to learn: Taiwan ’s Tiangong series of anti-aircraft missiles weigh a few pounds
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
3/15
First, let ’s start with the origin of “Tian Gong”. After the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States in the last century, the military purchase channel on the other side of the island was blocked for the most part. At this time, the few long-range air defense forces on the island were the very backward MIM-14 "Naki Hercules". Obviously, this early anti-aircraft missile has become outdated after entering the 1970s, and if it continues to be used until the 1980s, it may be large fireworks. Therefore, President Huang Xiaozong of the Chinese Academy of Sciences began to develop a new generation of long-range air defense missiles. According to the memoirs of the relevant personnel, we can find an interesting thing. The earliest main development unit of the Tiangong project mainly focused on the two ramjet engines. This group of people did not take this seriously, and still regarded the ramjet as their own. Priority issues.
Nothing to learn: Taiwan ’s Tiangong series of anti-aircraft missiles weigh a few pounds
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4/15
As a result, in March 1980, the pseudo- "Chief of Staff" Song Changzhi had to toughly demand the Tiangong and Tianma plans. The Tiangong plan took precedence (the Tianma plan was a ballistic missile project). Should look for Raytheon and other American companies to seek technical differences and lead to unsatisfactory progress of the project, Song Changzhi rarely took the attitude of "substitute without changing ideas", and then removed the host of the Tiangong project to Huang Xiaozong. At this time, the Tiangong plan is divided into the A type using a ram engine and the B type using a solid rocket as a record.
Nothing to learn: Taiwan ’s Tiangong series of anti-aircraft missiles weigh a few pounds
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
5/15
In any case, this spirit of pursuing autonomy is more worthy of respect than what some people in the mainland called out in the 1980s: "It is better to buy than to rent," he said. If you can't make it, it's a matter of ability. Have you ever thought about making it yourself as a matter of attitude? At that time, the other side had always believed that even if they could not be completely independent, it would always be good to learn a little and make more. It is also under the guidance of this kind of thinking that the other side "self-studied" the "Kinguo" called "the first and third generations of Asians."
Nothing to learn: Taiwan ’s Tiangong series of anti-aircraft missiles weigh a few pounds
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
6/15
Returning to the truth, pure independent research and development is certainly courageous, but the law of science is there after all. Therefore, the Taiwan authorities still managed to obtain MIM-104, which is about 85% of the technical information of the Patriot air defense missile. The "Chinese Academy of Sciences" launched the Tiangong 1 based on the Tiangong B case after integrating the MIM-104 technology (the original Tiangong A case was discontinued due to the inability to handle the ramjet engine). However, because the opposite shore does not have the ability to self-develop the active radar seeker at this time, although it looks like a patriot, Tiangong 1 is still a mid-section inertial navigation + terminal semi-active radar guidance, so its operations are limited by irradiation radar. The core of its air defense system is the phased array radar, code-named Changbai radar. The source of this radar technology is ADAR-HP from General Corporation.
7/15
However, the introduction of a large number of subsystems from different sources in the Tiangong 1 project later brought great trouble to the project-the most maddening thing in the Tiangong 1 is actually the missile system's fire control system. The missile technology comes from Raytheon and the radar comes from General Electric. The other side does not have the ability to obtain the underlying interface and modification. Finally, I had to tinker with the "Tianhe interface" based on Hawke.
8/15
The Tiangong 2 is a leather version of the Tiangong 1 (but changed to active radar guidance) against high-speed high-altitude fighters (such as a J-8), and on this basis, the Tiangong 2B type code 3124 was developed Short-range ballistic missiles. " Due to its range of 500 kilometers and the doubtful quality of the warhead, there is not much discussion value. However, the Taiwan Army successfully tested the active radar seeker and vertical launch at least on Tiangong 2, which made preparations for Tiangong 3.
9/15
In fact, the birth of Tiangong 3 still has a lot of roots with us. It was the summer of 1996. As the situation deteriorated, Dongfeng-15 was implemented every day in the waters near Taiwan on July 21, 22, and 23. Test strike operations of tactical ballistic missiles. Immediately following the 1996-2000 budget on the other side, the Chinese Academy of Sciences compiled a basic research plan for the research and development of the Tiangong anti-missile system, which was called "low-level anti-tactical ballistic missile" (ATBM). Therefore, we have reason to believe that the design of the bomb is still taken into consideration. It can even be said that priority is given to the requirements of anti-ballistic missiles, rather than what many people say "just to write good-looking" or "chasing the trend". After all, Chen Shuibian, who approved the "stratification plan" in 2001, really knows what they will suffer.
10/15
From 1996 to 2000, Tian Gong 3 began the "confirmation phase", during which "technical research" was carried out on subsystems and key components, successfully solving technical problems such as seekers and phased array radar; From 2000 to 2009, it was the "project development stage". At this time, the final confirmation of the missile and system configuration was carried out. In 2001, Tiangong 3 conducted the first test launch, and in 2007 the first interception test; 2009 By 2011, it was the "Service-led Combat Evaluation", used to measure the performance of weapon systems, and successfully conducted a single-shot interception
学啥都不学好：台军天弓系列防空导弹到底有几斤几两
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
在今年4月，千呼万唤始出来的“天弓3增程型防空飞弹”总算开始了自己的测验。9日晚上，由天弓3改装的靶弹在台东地区的成功镇基翚渔港先行发射升空，并在达到预定高度后立刻调头像下俯冲以模拟战术弹道导弹的再入过程。按原定计划时，这时候作为拦截弹的“天弓3增程”应该升空了。然而令人失望的是，该导弹以一种比较尴尬的方式度过了这次测验——在地面准备发射时，发射系统不知道哪里发生了故障，导致控制信号不稳定，因此试验直接被终止。
学啥都不学好：台军天弓系列防空导弹到底有几斤几两
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
2/ 15
天弓3本来就属于对岸射高最大的导弹，因此用来扮演模拟战术弹道导弹的靶弹，也算差强人意的正常操作。虽然这次试验最终失败，但由于其敏感的试验目的和试验对象，该导弹还是成功的“上了热搜”。不过目前天弓3与其增程型被披露的内容并不算很多，因此我们只能根据相关信息进行一些旁敲侧击式的推测。
学啥都不学好：台军天弓系列防空导弹到底有几斤几两
支持 键翻阅图片 列表查看
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
首先得从“天弓”的来历说起。上世纪中美建交后，对岸的军购途径瞬间被堵上了大半，而这时岛内为数不多的远程防空力量是已经非常落后的MIM-14“奈基大力神”。而很显然，这种早期的防空导弹在进入70年代后已经显得落伍了，而如果继续使用到80年代那恐怕就是大号烟花。因此“中科院”的黄孝宗院长开始研制新一代远程防空导弹。根据相关人员的回忆录等，我们可以发现一个有趣的事情，最早天弓计划的主要研制单位为主攻冲压发动机的二所，这帮人并不把这当回事，仍然把冲压发动机当作自己的优先课题。
学啥都不学好：台军天弓系列防空导弹到底有几斤几两
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
4/ 15
结果在1980年3月，伪“参谋总长”宋长志只好强硬的要求天弓与天马计划中，天弓计划优先（天马计划为弹道导弹项目），又在“中科院”内部对是否有能力研制和是否应该找雷神等美国公司寻求技术产生分歧导致项目进展不顺时，宋长志罕见的拿出了“不换思想就换人”的态度，并随后将天弓专案主持人撤换为黄孝宗。此时的天弓计划分为使用冲压发动机的甲型，和使用固体火箭的乙型作为备案。
学啥都不学好：台军天弓系列防空导弹到底有几斤几两
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
5/ 15
不管怎么说，这个追求自主的精神还是比上世纪80年代，大陆部分人喊出的“造不如买，买不如租”更加值得尊敬的。造不出来那是能力问题，有没有先想着自己造是态度问题。而当年的对岸一直认为，即使不能完全独立自主，那么能学一点，能多造一点总是好的。也正是在这种思想的指导下，对岸“自研”了号称“亚洲人第一三代机”的 “经国号”。
学啥都不学好：台军天弓系列防空导弹到底有几斤几两
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
言归正传，纯自主研发固然勇气可嘉，但科学规律毕竟摆在那里。因此台湾当局仍想方设法弄到了MIM-104，也就是爱国者防空导弹的约85%的技术资料。而“中科院”则在整合了MIM-104技术后推出了以天弓乙案为基础的天弓1（原来的天弓甲案由于搞不定冲压发动机下马）。不过，由于此时对岸并无能力自研主动雷达导引头，因此虽然长得像爱国者，但是天弓1仍然是中段惯导+末端半主动雷达导引，因此其作战受照射雷达限制。其防空系统的核心则是代号长白雷达的相控阵雷达，该雷达技术来源为通用公司的ADAR-HP。
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但天弓1项目大量引进不同来源的子系统也在后来给项目带来了大麻烦——天弓1中最令人抓狂的其实是导弹系统的射控系统。导弹技术来自雷神公司，雷达来自通用电气，对岸并没有获得底层接口和修改的能力。最后不得不在霍克的基础上鼓捣出了“天合界面”。
而天弓2则是对付高速高空战机（比如打个J-8）的天弓1拉皮版（不过改为了主动雷达制导），并且在此基础上开发出了代号3124的天弓2B型“短程弹道导弹”。由于其区区500公里射程和令人怀疑的战斗部质量，并没有太大的讨论价值。不过，台军至少在天弓2上成功试验了主动雷达导引头和垂直发射，这就为天弓3做好了准备。
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其实天弓3的诞生与我们还是颇有渊源，那是1996年的夏天，随着局势的恶化，7月21日、22日、23日这三天内每天都对台湾附近海域实施了东风-15战术弹道导弹的试验打击行动。紧接着在对岸1996-2000年度的预算内，“中科院”就编列了研发天弓反导弹系统基础研究计划，当时称为“低空层反战术弹道导弹”（ATBM）。因此我们有理由相信，该弹的设计还是考虑到了，甚至可以说是优先考虑了反弹道导弹的要求，而不是有很多人说的“只是写上去好看”、“追逐潮流”什么的。毕竟，在2001年批准“层系计划”的陈水扁可是真的知道他们会挨什么。
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自1996年到2000年，天弓3开始了“确认阶段”，在此期间对子系统与关键零部件进行了“技术攻关”，成功解决了例如导引头、相控阵雷达等技术难题；2000到2009年为“工程发展阶段”，这时候主要是进行导弹与系统构型的最终确认，2001年天弓3进行了第一次试射、2007年又进行第一次拦截测试；2009年到2011年为“军种主导之作战测评”，用于衡量武器系统的各项性能，并成功进行了单发拦截和波次射击试验，证明了该型导弹的多目标同时接战能力。于是很快，在2011年，天弓3就通过了测试。成为了对岸现役中最先进的导弹。“中科院”宣称新的天弓3有着高达7马赫的极速和最大50G的过载。
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而此次试验的天弓3 增程型，则是基于天弓3与“强弓专案”的产物。其最大特色是部分地方使用了玻璃纤维塑料代替金属，同时“采用了二级火箭”。这些改动可以说是平淡无奇，甚至于对天弓3改进型的评价到此就可以结束了——笔者并不赞同有些人所谓的“完全是两个不同导弹”的说法。毕竟一个防空导弹加了一截，换了个造外壳的材料，舵面不改，导引头不改，制导算法不改，这算哪门子的“完全不同”？
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从另一个角度说，我们也很难认为这次改进提升了导弹的拦截高度，因为并没有相对应的高空机动能力。这两处改动完全只是针对导弹的射程，而反导导弹面临的硬性挑战不止是导弹动力射程足够远能飞的足够高，还要在足够高的地方拥有足够好的机动能力。由于高空的空气稀薄，因此要么加大弹翼提升舵效，要么就老老实实加装侧置的发动机来加强机动能力，但目前披露的照片上显示，天弓3改并没有在这些地方下功夫。
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此外，老天弓3飞上去再俯冲提速模拟弹道导弹，就意味着这次试验的拦截高度不可能比老天弓3的最大拦截高度更高。因此天弓3增程型的最大优势其实可能并不是能把射高提升多少，而可能是尽可能的加大射击斜距，以期在更远的半径上拦截导弹。这一点在技术上并不需要对导弹的制导和气动进行太大的修改，难处仅仅在于弹体的动力。而台湾又恰好有在美制霍克退役背景下弥补防空空缺的客观需求。
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不过，天弓3的最大进步其实并非是其终于有了反导能力，而是在于其终于实现了“自行化”。此前的天弓1、2要么需要固定阵地，要么就极度依赖固定的“长白雷达”，这次的天弓3总算全部都搬上了拖车，不至于打起来时被人精确定位当靶子一样敲掉。事实上台军在防空方面的最大问题就是，台军早就被渗透成了筛子，解放军倒着都能把台军防空阵地的坐标背出来。在解放军强大的饱和攻击下，能机动部署的天弓3包括他那可以机动部署的相控阵雷达，或许是最可能在第一波突袭中生存下来的。
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但问题在于，对岸的机动部署也只学了个半桶水——美国。然而众所周知，美国人的野战防空就是废物中的废物、垃圾中的垃圾，其拖车机动和中、俄的车载防空相比，简直就是牵引炮兵遇上了自行火炮。而台军就继承了美军拖车部署麻烦耗时、需要高等级公路等等的一系列的缺陷。因此，虽然天弓3和其增程型的出现标志着对岸对自己未来可能遭受的打击方式有着很清楚的认识，但显然还是对自己的生存能力有着较为天真的自信的。
http://slide.mil.news.sina.com.cn/k/slide_8_62085_76236.html#p=1
Nothing to learn: Taiwan ’s Tiangong series of anti-aircraft missiles weigh a few pounds
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
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In April of this year, the "Sky Bow 3 Extended Range Anti-aircraft Missile", which came out with thousands of calls, finally started its own test. On the evening of the 9th, a target modified by Tiangong 3 was first launched into the Jiuyu fishing port in the successful town of Taitung. After reaching a predetermined altitude, it immediately dived down to simulate the re-entry process of tactical ballistic missiles. According to the original plan, the "Sky Bow 3 Range" as an interceptor should be launched. However, it was disappointing that the missile passed the test in an awkward way-when the ground was ready to launch, the launch system did not know where the failure occurred, resulting in unstable control signals, so the test was directly terminated. .
Nothing to learn: Taiwan ’s Tiangong series of anti-aircraft missiles weigh a few pounds
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
2/15
The Tiangong 3 was originally a missile with the highest firing height on the shore, so it was used as a target for simulating tactical ballistic missiles, which was considered unsatisfactory for normal operation. Although this test failed in the end, due to its sensitive test purpose and test object, the missile was successfully "hot searched". However, at present, the contents of Tiangong 3 and its extended range are not much, so we can only make some side-by-side predictions based on relevant information.
Nothing to learn: Taiwan ’s Tiangong series of anti-aircraft missiles weigh a few pounds
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
3/15
First, let ’s start with the origin of “Tian Gong”. After the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States in the last century, the military purchase channel on the other side of the island was blocked for the most part. At this time, the few long-range air defense forces on the island were the very backward MIM-14 "Naki Hercules". Obviously, this early anti-aircraft missile has become outdated after entering the 1970s, and if it continues to be used until the 1980s, it may be large fireworks. Therefore, President Huang Xiaozong of the Chinese Academy of Sciences began to develop a new generation of long-range air defense missiles. According to the memoirs of the relevant personnel, we can find an interesting thing. The earliest main development unit of the Tiangong project mainly focused on the two ramjet engines. This group of people did not take this seriously, and still regarded the ramjet as their own. Priority issues.
Nothing to learn: Taiwan ’s Tiangong series of anti-aircraft missiles weigh a few pounds
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
4/15
As a result, in March 1980, the pseudo- "Chief of Staff" Song Changzhi had to toughly demand the Tiangong and Tianma plans. The Tiangong plan took precedence (the Tianma plan was a ballistic missile project). Should look for Raytheon and other American companies to seek technical differences and lead to unsatisfactory progress of the project, Song Changzhi rarely took the attitude of "substitute without changing ideas", and then removed the host of the Tiangong project to Huang Xiaozong. At this time, the Tiangong plan is divided into the A type using a ram engine and the B type using a solid rocket as a record.
Nothing to learn: Taiwan ’s Tiangong series of anti-aircraft missiles weigh a few pounds
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
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In any case, this spirit of pursuing autonomy is more worthy of respect than what some people in the mainland called out in the 1980s: "It is better to buy than to rent," he said. If you can't make it, it's a matter of ability. Have you ever thought about making it yourself as a matter of attitude? At that time, the other side had always believed that even if they could not be completely independent, it would always be good to learn a little and make more. It is also under the guidance of this kind of thinking that the other side "self-studied" the "Kinguo" called "the first and third generations of Asians."
Nothing to learn: Taiwan ’s Tiangong series of anti-aircraft missiles weigh a few pounds
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2020.05.13 16:38:09
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Returning to the truth, pure independent research and development is certainly courageous, but the law of science is there after all. Therefore, the Taiwan authorities still managed to obtain MIM-104, which is about 85% of the technical information of the Patriot air defense missile. The "Chinese Academy of Sciences" launched the Tiangong 1 based on the Tiangong B case after integrating the MIM-104 technology (the original Tiangong A case was discontinued due to the inability to handle the ramjet engine). However, because the opposite shore does not have the ability to self-develop the active radar seeker at this time, although it looks like a patriot, Tiangong 1 is still a mid-section inertial navigation + terminal semi-active radar guidance, so its operations are limited by irradiation radar. The core of its air defense system is the phased array radar, code-named Changbai radar. The source of this radar technology is ADAR-HP from General Corporation.
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However, the introduction of a large number of subsystems from different sources in the Tiangong 1 project later brought great trouble to the project-the most maddening thing in the Tiangong 1 is actually the missile system's fire control system. The missile technology comes from Raytheon and the radar comes from General Electric. The other side does not have the ability to obtain the underlying interface and modification. Finally, I had to tinker with the "Tianhe interface" based on Hawke.
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The Tiangong 2 is a leather version of the Tiangong 1 (but changed to active radar guidance) against high-speed high-altitude fighters (such as a J-8), and on this basis, the Tiangong 2B type code 3124 was developed Short-range ballistic missiles. " Due to its range of 500 kilometers and the doubtful quality of the warhead, there is not much discussion value. However, the Taiwan Army successfully tested the active radar seeker and vertical launch at least on Tiangong 2, which made preparations for Tiangong 3.
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In fact, the birth of Tiangong 3 still has a lot of roots with us. It was the summer of 1996. As the situation deteriorated, Dongfeng-15 was implemented every day in the waters near Taiwan on July 21, 22, and 23. Test strike operations of tactical ballistic missiles. Immediately following the 1996-2000 budget on the other side, the Chinese Academy of Sciences compiled a basic research plan for the research and development of the Tiangong anti-missile system, which was called "low-level anti-tactical ballistic missile" (ATBM). Therefore, we have reason to believe that the design of the bomb is still taken into consideration. It can even be said that priority is given to the requirements of anti-ballistic missiles, rather than what many people say "just to write good-looking" or "chasing the trend". After all, Chen Shuibian, who approved the "stratification plan" in 2001, really knows what they will suffer.
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From 1996 to 2000, Tian Gong 3 began the "confirmation phase", during which "technical research" was carried out on subsystems and key components, successfully solving technical problems such as seekers and phased array radar; From 2000 to 2009, it was the "project development stage". At this time, the final confirmation of the missile and system configuration was carried out. In 2001, Tiangong 3 conducted the first test launch, and in 2007 the first interception test; 2009 By 2011, it was the "Service-led Combat Evaluation", used to measure the performance of weapon systems, and successfully conducted a single-shot interception
