Chinese military technology and strength is DIVINE & FAR AHEAD of Bankrupted Beggar Chow Ang Moh expensive and rotten gunboats!
Chow Ang Moh followed PLA warship and missile locked PLA at 1st. PLA Tu-Lan began to jam Chow Ang Moh Radars, lock is lost, then while still jamming Chow Ang Moh Radar, PLA locked missiles on Chow Ang Moh ship. There is nothing Chow Ang Moh could overcome PLA, Lan-Lan Fled or to be hit by PLA missile go feed sharks.
Game over when PLA can shoot Chow Ang Moh, Chow Ang Moh BLINDED cannot find PLA warship on screen!
MAGA & HUAT!
解放军万岁！
No Big No Small Tiny Chow Ang Moh Navy dare fuck around with PLA, not just technology & strength is too tiny, and weak, fleet size of UK total strength is lesser than the number of new under-construction super-advanced warships rapidly building inside dock yards. Chinese builds warships at world's #1 TOP SPEED & SCALE, at any moment dozens of super advanced warships are built around the clock.
下饺子！Producing warships like boiling dumplings
http://slide.mil.news.sina.com.cn/h/slide_8_62085_73033.html#p=1
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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中国海军052C西安舰目前正对欧洲多国展开访问之旅，继7月1日抵达法国土伦港进行军事交流之后，15日又转往荷兰鹿特丹港进行休整补给。据“中国军网”官方微信号消息，就在抵达鹿特丹前的14日，西安舰在英吉利海峡曾遭到英国护卫舰“圣奥尔本斯”号的跟踪监视。但期间“圣奥尔本斯”号护卫舰的雷达却失灵，并遭到反向锁定，最后不得不放弃了跟踪监视。那么英国军舰在跟踪时雷达为何会失灵，这又反应了我国军舰怎样的电子战水平？本期《出鞘》就来谈西安舰电子对抗英国军舰。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
结合外媒报道可知，西安舰一抵近英吉利海峡附近时，英国海军就打开了岸基雷达，全程监视西安舰的活动轨迹，并随后派出23型护卫舰“圣奥尔本斯”号一路尾随西安舰。但就在西安舰驶离英吉利海峡时，“圣奥尔本斯”号的雷达却突然失灵了，西安舰的坐标位置消失在屏幕之中。于是英舰立即启动制导雷达，试图重新搜索西安舰的位置，但此时制导雷达却受到了强烈的电磁干扰，完全无法正常启用。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
更让英国军舰船员惊讶的是，“圣奥尔本斯”号还遭到了西安舰的反向锁定。一般制导雷达的反向锁定，也就意味着该舰已经被西安舰瞄准。于是“圣奥尔本斯”号紧急掉头，不再对西安舰进行跟踪监视，但直到返回海峡后制导雷达才恢复正常。而在西安舰这边，据悉7月18日结束在荷兰鹿特丹港的短暂休整补给之后，已经转往俄罗斯波罗的海舰队的驻地喀琅施塔得，可能将参加俄军举行的海上阅舰式。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
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从媒体的报道来看，“圣奥尔本斯”号在跟踪监视过程中无疑是遭到了西安舰的电子干扰。人们常说的电子战，是指利用电磁能和定向能控制电磁频谱攻击敌方的任何军事行动，电子对抗是组成电子战的三个重要方面之一（电子战包括电子支援/电子侦察ESM、电子对抗ECM和电子反对抗ECCM），即利用己方电子设备，削弱和破坏敌方电子设备的使用效能。与之相对应的是电子反对抗，即用一定的技术手段来消除敌军电子对抗的有害影响，保证己方电子设备的正常工作。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
一般舰艇上的电子对抗装备可分为无源干扰和有源干扰两大类，其中前者的作用原理是利用一定技术措施改变雷达电磁波正常传播条件、改变目标的二次辐射特性、投放反射物等造成对雷达的干扰，根据实施的方法和用途又可分为压制式和欺骗式两大类。其中压制式干扰主要是箔条干扰，而欺骗式干扰主要包括箔条干扰弹、伪装和雷达诱饵等。由于技术简单，无源干扰是最早被应用于舰艇电子对抗的软干扰手段，例如箔条干扰在二战期间就已经被运用。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
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箔条一般由长度为半波长倍数（因为半波长对电磁波谐振反射最强，有效反射面最大）的铝丝或涂铝玻璃丝制成，使用时会被诱饵发射器发射出去，并在气流的作用下散开形成箔条云，在雷达的显示器上形成很强的类似噪声的乱杂波干扰波形，从而掩护目标回波。箔条干扰在针对早期反舰导弹所使用的雷达导引头时效果十分显著，例如在第四次中东战争中，以色列海军就通过装备在水面舰艇上的箔条干扰系统，成功让叙利亚舰艇发射的52枚“冥河”反舰导弹无一命中目标。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
而箔条干扰弹则是一种欺骗式干扰技术，当雷达或雷达制导导弹跟踪被保护的舰艇或飞机时，箔条干扰弹能形成比回波大几倍的干扰箔条云回波，并使雷达或雷达制导导弹跟踪干扰箔条云，从而使被保护的舰艇或飞机摆脱跟踪。除了箔条干扰弹之外，欺骗性干扰技术还有雷达诱饵，它是应用具有很强的雷达反射面的雷达诱饵（如角反射器或龙伯透镜反射器等），把雷达对目标的跟踪引到跟踪雷达诱饵上。一般舰艇会在舰尾牵着长为几公里或几十公里的绳索，并将雷达诱饵拖在舰船的后面，使雷达跟踪雷达诱饵而丢失目标。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
但随着舰载雷达和反舰导弹火控雷达导引头抗干扰能力的提升，性能单一的无源干扰开始越来越不能满足需求，因此之后各国海军又开发出了有源干扰手段——舰载雷达有源干扰和舷外有源干扰诱饵等。雷达有源干扰可分为噪声干扰和欺骗干扰两种，前者通过发射大功率的噪声信号来掩盖或淹没敌方雷达的目标回波，使敌方雷达无法正常工作；而后者虽然允许敌方雷达探测到目标，但获得的却不是目标的准确信息，而是失真的距离、方位和速度等参数。
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舰载雷达有源干扰机自上世纪70年代开始应用之后，目前已经在各类水面舰艇上得到了普遍应用，而且基本同时具备噪声干扰和欺骗干扰两种功能。西方海军经典的舰载有源干扰电子战系统包括AN/SLQ-32系列和“牛顿-C”等，而我国海军虽然在051G导弹驱逐舰上才开始装备825型舰载电子对抗系统，但目前也已经先后发展出了包括826型和726型等有源干扰舰载电子对抗系统，并且大量装备在了052D驱逐舰、054A护卫舰和071登陆舰等各型战舰上。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
除了舰载雷达有源干扰外，还有一种比较特殊的有源干扰手段——舷外有源干扰诱饵。它可以简单理解为是一个与舰艇保持一定距离的有源干扰机，其优势在于作为一次性可消耗诱饵，可反制反舰导弹“干扰源寻的”模式所带来的威胁。目前比较有代表性的舷外有源干扰是英国“女妖”系统与美澳联合开发的NULKA系统，前者采用比较简单的降落伞滞空方式，而后者则使用了更先进的脉冲火箭发动机滞空方式。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
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美国海军如今很是重视NULKA这套系统，例如2016年在亚丁湾海域，美军的DDG-87 “梅森”号导弹驱逐舰就在遭遇胡赛武装的反舰导弹袭击时，动用NULKA系统配合ESSM与标准-2防空导弹对来袭导弹进行了有效的拦截防御。此外从美军主力驱逐舰伯克级的配置来看，也可以看出美国海军对这套舷外有源干扰系统的重视，因为目前有近一半的伯克级驱逐舰上的SLQ-32（V）2电子战系统是不具备有源干扰能力的，一般这些舰艇的舰载有源干扰主要依靠的就是NULKA系统。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
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我军在舰载有源干扰系统方面最早的成果，是80年代初期研制的825系列电子对抗系统，它不仅曾装备于053护卫舰早期型以及部分051G驱逐舰，还曾作为053HT护卫舰的配套设备出口到泰国。之后我国又在参考“牛顿-C”系统的基础上，针对中小型水面舰艇作战需求，研制出了827系列电子对抗系统，它不仅曾装备053H2/H3护卫舰，还在051驱逐舰的现代化改装中被应用。目前在我军中小型水面舰艇上，827系列已经被727系列电子对抗系统所取代，例如054/054A护卫舰就装备了727系列，而且最新几艘054A护卫舰的727系统还改装了一种新型相控阵体制的有源干扰机
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
在大型水面舰艇电子对抗系统方面，我国也在参考了“弯刀”系统的基础上，开发出了826系列电子对抗系统，并在052驱逐舰上安装。不过826系列电子对抗系统有一个问题，那就是研制周期过长，并且现役舰艇可改装余地较小，因此后续很快就被726系列电子对抗系统所取代。这套系统主要装备于052C/D驱逐舰，其改进型号则装备于辽宁号航母和首艘国产航母，它的优点在于具备非常完善的雷达告警测频/测向功能，同时具备对各频段雷达信号的多种模式有源干扰能力，并且可以配合726-4系列干扰弹发射装置作业，可以达到对多批次、多模式攻击的组合干扰效果。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
而在无源干扰手段这方面，我国则先后发展了945系列无源/光电对抗系统、946系列干扰弹发射装置、947系列干扰弹发射装置、726-4系列干扰弹发射装置和728系列干扰弹发射装置等。其中945系列的旋转式箔条/红外发射装置和烟雾弹发射装置曾装备于053H3型护卫舰，而945系列的固定式箔条/红外发射装置则装备于053H2G型护卫舰；946系列的15管干扰弹发射装置曾装备于051型驱逐舰；947系列的10管干扰弹发射装置曾装备于051B/C型驱逐舰，而16管干扰弹发射装置则装备于现今的辽宁号航母。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
726-4系列干扰弹发射装置是目前我军舰艇主要装备的无源干扰设备，该系列主要包括3型，其中基本型每座发射装置共有三排共18个发射管，现装备于052B/C/D型驱逐舰、054型护卫舰和071型船坞登陆舰等；改进型的每座发射装置进一步增至四排共24个发射管，现已知装备于054A型护卫舰；而最新型号的726-4系列干扰弹发射装置据悉已经装备于055型导弹驱逐舰的舰尾直升机库上，虽然具体性能未知，但相信比改进型会有进一步提升。最后便是728系列干扰弹发射装置，该系列结构比较简单，因此多装备于022导弹艇和056护卫舰上。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
至于舷外有源干扰系统，虽然我国曾发展过947舰拖雷达诱饵，但由于一些原因最终未能实现装备，这也导致我军舰艇至今未装备性能堪比NULKA的舷外有源干扰系统。不过从某些不可靠的消息来源可知，我军舰艇近期似乎装备了与NULKA同类型的舷外有源干扰系统，但大概率依旧采用了类似“海妖”的降落伞滞空方式，并集成在了726-4系列干扰弹发射装置中。虽然这种模式距离美军NULKA系统的脉冲火箭发动机滞空方式尚有一定技术差距，不过至少算是解决了有无问题，将来未必不会改进。
长坂坡前一声吼：我军西安舰是怎么让英国军舰“变瞎”的？
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2019.07.23 22:59:51
回到此次事件来看，西安舰估计是采用了舰上装备的726系列电子对抗系统，对英国军舰的雷达进行了干扰。而从具体效果来看，726系列的表现还算是不错的，这也从侧面印证了我军舰载电子对抗系统所取得的不俗成就。当然我们也要看到，英国海军此次派出的是一艘老旧的23型护卫舰，战力配置根本无法与我052C级相比，所以不能就此认为我军舰载电子战系统已经赶超西方最先进水平。那么本期《出鞘》就到这里，我们下期再见。
Http://slide.mil.news.sina.com.cn/h/slide_8_62085_73033.html#p=1
A long sigh in front of Changchun Slope: How did the Chinese Xi’an ship “transform” the British warships?
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The Chinese Navy 052C Xi'an is currently on a tour of many European countries. After arriving in Toulon, France on July 1 for military exchanges, it was transferred to the port of Rotterdam in the Netherlands on the 15th for replenishment. According to the official micro-signal news of the "China Military Network", on the 14th before arriving in Rotterdam, the Xi'an ship was under surveillance by the British frigate "St. Albans" in the English Channel. However, during the period, the radar of the "Saint Albans" frigate failed, and was reverse locked, and finally had to give up tracking and surveillance. Then why did the radar fail when the British warships were tracking, which reflected the level of electronic warfare of our warships? This issue of "Sheathing" comes to talk about the Xi'an ship electronic war against British warships.
A long sigh in front of Changchun Slope: How did the Chinese Xi’an ship “transform” the British warships?
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In combination with foreign media reports, when the Xi'an ship approached the English Channel, the British Navy opened the shore-based radar to monitor the trajectory of the Xi'an ship, and then dispatched the 23-type frigate "St. Albans" to follow Xi'an. Ship. But when the Xi'an ship sailed off the English Channel, the radar of St. Albans suddenly failed, and the coordinates of the Xi'an ship disappeared into the screen. So the British ship immediately started the guidance radar, trying to re-search the location of the Xi'an ship, but at this time the guided radar was subjected to strong electromagnetic interference and could not be activated normally.
A long sigh in front of Changchun Slope: How did the Chinese Xi’an ship “transform” the British warships?
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To the surprise of the British warship crew, the "St. Albans" was also reversed by the Xi'an ship. The reverse locking of the general guided radar means that the ship has been targeted by the Xi'an ship. So "St. Albans" turned around urgently, no longer tracking and monitoring the Xi'an ship, but the guided radar did not return to normal until the return to the strait. On the Xi'an side of the ship, it is reported that after the short replenishment in the port of Rotterdam, the Netherlands, on July 18, it has been transferred to the Karststadt, the resident of the Russian Baltic Fleet, and may participate in the maritime warship style held by the Russian army.
A long sigh in front of Changchun Slope: How did the Chinese Xi’an ship “transform” the British warships?
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According to media reports, the "St. Albans" was undoubtedly subject to electronic interference from the Xi'an ship during the tracking and monitoring process. People often say that electronic warfare refers to any military action that uses electromagnetic energy and directed energy to control the electromagnetic spectrum to attack the enemy. Electronic warfare is one of the three important aspects that constitute electronic warfare (electronic warfare includes electronic support/electronic reconnaissance ESM, Electronic countermeasures against ECM and electronic opposition to anti-ECCM), that is, the use of their own electronic devices to weaken and destroy the use of enemy electronic devices. Corresponding to this is electronic opposition, that is, using certain technical means to eliminate the harmful effects of enemy electronic countermeasures and to ensure the normal operation of their own electronic equipment.
A long sigh in front of Changchun Slope: How did the Chinese Xi’an ship “transform” the British warships?
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The electronic countermeasure equipment on general ships can be divided into two categories: passive interference and active interference. The former principle is to use certain technical measures to change the normal propagation conditions of radar electromagnetic waves, change the secondary radiation characteristics of targets, and place reflectors. The interference to the radar can be divided into two categories: suppressed and deceptive according to the method and use of the implementation. Among them, the suppression interference is mainly chaff interference, while the deceptive interference mainly includes chaff jamming, camouflage and radar bait. Due to the simplicity of the technology, passive interference is the first soft interference method used in ship electronic countermeasures. For example, chaff interference has been used during World War II.
A long sigh in front of Changchun Slope: How did the Chinese Xi’an ship “transform” the British warships?
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The chaff is generally made of aluminum wire or aluminum-coated glass wire with a length of half a wavelength multiple (because the half-wavelength is the strongest for electromagnetic wave resonance reflection, and the effective reflection surface is the largest). When used, it is emitted by the bait emitter and acts in the airflow. The clouds are scattered to form a chaff cloud, which forms a strong noise-like clutter interference waveform on the radar display, thereby shielding the target echo. Chaff jamming is very effective when targeting radar seekers used in early anti-ship missiles. For example, in the Fourth Middle East War, the Israeli Navy successfully launched a Syrian warship through a chaff jamming system equipped on a surface ship. The 52 "Sty River" anti-ship missiles have no target.
A long sigh in front of Changchun Slope: How did the Chinese Xi’an ship “transform” the British warships?
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The chaff jamming bomb is a deceptive jamming technique. When the radar or radar guided missile tracks the protected ship or aircraft, the chaff jamming bomb can form an interference foil cloud echo that is several times larger than the echo, and Enable radar or radar-guided missiles to track the chaotic cloud, thereby freeing the protected ship or aircraft from tracking. In addition to the chaff jamming, the deceptive jamming technology also has a radar decoy, which is a radar decoy with a strong radar reflecting surface (such as a corner reflector or a Lombor lens reflector) to track the radar to the target. Lead to the tracking radar bait. In general, ships will carry ropes of several kilometers or tens of kilometers at the end of the ship, and the radar bait will be dragged behind the ship, so that the radar tracks the radar bait and loses the target.
A long sigh in front of Changchun Slope: How did the Chinese Xi’an ship “transform” the British warships?
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However, with the improvement of the anti-interference ability of the ship-borne radar and the anti-ship missile fire control radar seeker, the single-passive passive interference began to be unable to meet the demand. Therefore, the navies of the countries have developed active interference means. Shipborne radar active interference and outboard active interference bait. Radar active interference can be divided into two types: noise interference and deception interference. The former can cover or flood the target radar of the enemy radar by transmitting a high-power noise signal, so that the enemy radar can not work normally; while the latter allows the enemy radar. The target is detected, but the accurate information of the target is not obtained, but the parameters such as the distance, azimuth and speed of the distortion.
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Since the application of the shipborne radar active jammer in the 1970s, it has been widely used in all kinds of surface ships, and basically has both noise interference and deception interference. The Western Navy's classic shipborne active jamming electronic warfare system includes the AN/SLQ-32 series and the "Newton-C", while the Chinese navy began to equip the 825-type shipborne electronic countermeasure system on the 051G guided missile destroyer. Active jammed electronic countermeasures systems including the 826 and 726 have been developed, and are heavily equipped on various types of warships such as the 052D destroyer, the 054A frigate and the 071 landing ship.
A long sigh in front of Changchun Slope: How did the Chinese Xi’an ship “transform” the British warships?
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In addition to the active interference of the shipborne radar, there is a special kind of active interference means - the outboard active interference decoy. It can be simply understood as an active jammer that maintains a certain distance from the ship. Its advantage is that it can counter the threat posed by the “interference source-seeking” model of anti-ship missiles as a disposable consumable bait. At present, the representative outboard active interference is the NULKA system jointly developed by the British "banshee" system and the United States and Australia. The former adopts a relatively simple parachute stagnation mode, while the latter uses a more advanced pulse rocket engine stagnation mode.
A long sigh in front of Changchun Slope: How did the Chinese Xi’an ship “transform” the British warships?
