The Black Death: Bubonic Plague

[Watchman]

The Black Death: Bubonic Plague

In the early 1330s an outbreak of deadly bubonic plague occurred in China. The bubonic plague mainly affects rodents, but fleas can transmit the disease to people. Once people are infected, they infect others very rapidly. Plague causes fever and a painful swelling of the lymph glands called buboes, which is how it gets its name. The disease also causes spots on the skin that are red at first and then turn black.

Since China was one of the busiest of the world's trading nations, it was only a matter of time before the outbreak of plague in China spread to western Asia and Europe. In October of 1347, several Italian merchant ships returned from a trip to the Black Sea, one of the key links in trade with China. When the ships docked in Sicily, many of those on board were already dying of plague. Within days the disease spread to the city and the surrounding countryside. An eyewitness tells what happened:

bubonic plague"Realizing what a deadly disaster had come to them, the people quickly drove the Italians from their city. But the disease remained, and soon death was everywhere. Fathers abandoned their sick sons. Lawyers refused to come and make out wills for the dying. Friars and nuns were left to care for the sick, and monasteries and convents were soon deserted, as they were stricken, too. Bodies were left in empty houses, and there was no one to give them a Christian burial."

The disease struck and killed people with terrible speed. The Italian writer Boccaccio said its victims often

"ate lunch with their friends and dinner with their ancestors in paradise."

By the following August, the plague had spread as far north as England, where people called it "The Black Death" because of the black spots it produced on the skin. A terrible killer was loose across Europe, and Medieval medicine had nothing to combat it.

In winter the disease seemed to disappear, but only because fleas--which were now helping to carry it from person to person--are dormant then. Each spring, the plague attacked again, killing new victims. After five years 25 million people were dead--one-third of Europe's people.

Even when the worst was over, smaller outbreaks continued, not just for years, but for centuries. The survivors lived in constant fear of the plague's return, and the disease did not disappear until the 1600s.

Medieval society never recovered from the results of the plague. So many people had died that there were serious labor shortages all over Europe. This led workers to demand higher wages, but landlords refused those demands. By the end of the 1300s peasant revolts broke out in England, France, Belgium and Italy.

The disease took its toll on the church as well. People throughout Christendom had prayed devoutly for deliverance from the plague. Why hadn't those prayers been answered? A new period of political turmoil and philosophical questioning lay ahead.

Black Death - Disaster Strikes
25 million people died in just under five years between 1347 and 1352. Estimated population of Europe from 1000 to 1352.

* 1000 38 million
* 1100 48 million
* 1200 59 million
* 1300 70 million
* 1347 75 million
* 1352 50 million

 

[Watchman]

Worldwide pandemics

The following are epidemics which spread across several continents.

* 165 – 180: Antonine Plague, perhaps smallpox
* 251 – 266: Plague of Cyprian
* 541: the Plague of Justinian[1]
* 1300s: the Black Death
* 1501 – 1587: typhus
* 1732 – 1733: influenza
* 1775 – 1776: influenza
* 1816 – 1826: cholera
* 1829 – 1851: cholera
* 1847 – 1848: influenza
* 1852 – 1860: cholera
* 1855 – 1950s: bubonic plague: Third Pandemic
* 1857 – 1859: influenza
* 1863 – 1875: cholera
* 1889 – 1892: influenza
* 1899 – 1923: cholera
* 1918 – 1920: influenza: Spanish flu: more people were hospitalized in World War I from this epidemic than wounds. Estimates of the dead range from 20 to 100 million worldwide[2]
* 1957 – 1958: influenza: Asian flu
* 1968 – 1969: influenza: Hong Kong flu
* 1960s: cholera called El Tor
* 1980s – present: HIV
* 2009 – influenza: 2009 swine flu pandemic

 

[ahleebabasingaporethief]

Singapore now in 2009 has its own version of Bubonic Plague.

It's also spread by parasites and is similarly BLACK in colour.

They are called the FTs Keilengs from Northern India

 

[Watchman]

Asia

* 1334: Black Death – China[3]
* 1349: Black Death – Mecca[4]
* 1353 – 1354: Black Death – China
* 1801: plague – Baghdad
* 1829 – 1835: plague – Persia
* 1853: plague – Yemen
* 1867: plague – Iraq
* 1877: plague – Baku, Russian Empire[5]
* 1903: plague – India[6]
* 1974: Smallpox epidemic of India
* 1994: Plague epidemic in Surat, India
* 2002 – 2003: SARS
* 2004: dengue fever – Indonesia
* 2004: cholera – Bangladesh[7]
* 2004: leishmaniasis: Afghanistan[8]
* 2005: Dengue outbreak in Singapore
* 2006: malaria – India[9]
* 2006: Dengue outbreak in India[10]
* 2006: dengue fever – Philippines
* 2006: Dengue outbreak in Pakistan
* 2006: Chikungunya outbreaks in India[11]
* 2007: Iraq cholera outbreak[12]
* 2007: cholera – India[13]
* 2007: cholera – Vietnam[14]
* 2008: dengue fever – Cambodia[15]
* 2008: hand, foot and mouth disease – China
* 2008: dengue fever – Philippines[16]
* 2008: cholera – Vietnam[17]
* 2009: hepatitis B - India (2009 Gujarat hepatitis outbreak)

* 2009: Swine Flu - India

[edit] Africa

* 542: Plague of Justinian – Pelusium, Egypt[18]
* 1347 – 1349: Black Death – North Africa[19]
* 1609: plague – Egypt
* 1812: plague – Egypt
* 1840: smallpox – Cape Town
* 1896 – 1906: sleeping sickness – Congo basin[20]
* 1900 - yellow fever - West Africa
* 1900 – 1920: sleeping sickness – Uganda[21]
* 1980s – present: HIV/AIDS in Africa[22]
* 1996: menigitis - West Africa
* 2001: cholera – Nigeria[23]
* 2001: cholera – South Africa[24]
* 2003: plague – Algeria[25]
* 2004: ebola – Sudan
* 2004: cholera – Senegal[26]
* 2005 yellow fever – Mali[27]
* 2006: plague – Ituri, Democratic Republic of the Congo
* 2006: cholera – Luanda, Angola[28]
* 2007: ebola – Mweka, Democratic Republic of the Congo[29]
* 2007: cholera – Ethiopia[30]
* 2007: ebola – Uganda
* 2007: infantile paralysis – Nigeria[31]
* 2007: cholera – Somalia[32]
* 2008: plague – Madagascar[33]
* 2008: cholera – Chad[34]
* 2008 – 2009: Zimbabwean cholera outbreak
* 2009: West African meningitis outbreak[35]

* Egypt
o 1801: Bubonic plague
o 1831: cholera
o 1834 – 1836: Bubonic plague
o 1848: cholera
o 1865: cholera
o 1881: cholera
o 1902: cholera
o 1942 – 1944: falciparum malaria
o 1946: relapsing fever
o 1947: cholera

[edit] Australia

* 1789 – 1790: smallpox – Aborigines of New South Wales[36]
* 1828: smallpox – Aborigines of New South Wales[37]
* 1829: smallpox – South Australia[38]
* 1857: smallpox – Victoria[39]
* 1867: measles – Sydney
* 2009: dengue fever - Queensland[40]
* 2009:swine flu-Melbourne

[edit] Central and South America

* 1493: influenza – Hispaniola
* 1507: smallpox – Hispaniola[41]
* 1515: smallpox – Puerto Rico
* 1518: smallpox – Hispaniola
* 1527 – 1530: smallpox – Peru
* 1530 – 1531: measles – Mexico, Peru
* 1546: typhus – Mexico, Peru
* 1555: smallpox – Brazil
* 1558 – 1559: influenza – Mexico, Peru
* 1561: smallpox – Chile
* early 1600s: malaria
* 1648: yellow fever
* 1980s – present: HIV/AIDS in Haiti[42]
* 1990s: cholera
* 2000: dengue fever – Central America[43]
* 2007: dengue fever – Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Mexico[44]
* 2008: dengue fever – Brazil
* 2009: Bolivian dengue fever epidemic

[edit] Europe

* 430 BC: Plague of Athens
* 1347 – 1351: Black Death
* 1426: Black Death in England – London[45]
* 1466: plague (disease) – Paris, France[46]
* 1489: typhus – Granada, Spain
* 1485: sweating sickness – England
* 1494 – 1495: plague – Iceland
* 1498: plague – England[47]
* 1509 – 1510: plague – England
* 1527: plague – Germany
* 1528: English sweate - England
* 1557: plague – Valencia, Spain
* 1560: plague – Istanbul, the Ottoman capital
* 1563 – 1564: plague – England
* 1570: plague – Moscow, Russia
* 1574: plague – Edinburgh, Scotland
* 1596 – 1602: plague – Spain[48]
* 1603: plague – London, England
* 1630: Great Plague of Milan – Milan, Italy
* 1630 – 1631: plague – Venice, Italy
* 1636: plague – Newcastle, England
* 1647 – 1652: Great Plague of Seville – Spain
* 1656: plague – Naples, Italy
* 1663 – 1664: plague – Amsterdam, Netherlands
* 1665: Great Plague of London – London, England
* 1668: plague – France
* 1676 – 1685: plague – Spain
* 1679: Great Plague of Vienna – Vienna, Austria
* 1710 – 1711: plague – Stockholm, Sweden
* 1720 – 1722: Great Plague of Marseille – France
* 1730: yellow fever - Cadiz, Spain
* 1738: Great Plague of 1738 - Balkans
* 1743: plague – Messina, Italy
* 1770 – 1772: Russia (Russian plague of 1770-1772)
* 1778: dengue fever - Cadiz, Spain
* 1800 – 1803: yellow fever - Spain[49]
* 1812: plague – Istanbul, Ottoman Empire
* 1813: plague – Malta
* 1813: plague – Bucharest, Romania
* 1816 – 1819: typhus – Ireland
* 1821: yellow fever - Barcelona, Spain[50]
* 1829: malaria - Groningen epidemic in Netherlands
* 1832: cholera – London, Paris
* 1840: plague – Dalmatia
* 1857: yellow fever - Lisbon, Portugal
* 1866 – 1867: cholera – Russia, Germany
* 1870 – 1871: smallpox – Germany
* 1881 – 1896: cholera – Hamburg, Germany
* 1918 – 1922: typhus – Russia
* 1972: Smallpox outbreak in Yugoslavia
* 2009: mumps - Ireland (Mumps outbreaks in the 2000s)
* 2009 – present: swine influenza Britain

[edit] North America

* 1520: smallpox – Mexico[51]
* 1576: haemorrhagic fever – Mexico[52]
* 1592 – 1596: measles – Seneca Indians[53]
* 1617 – 1619: smallpox – Massachusetts Bay area[54]
* 1630: smallpox – Hurons of Ontario
* 1634: smallpox – Indians living along the Connecticut River
* 1633: smallpox – Plymouth Colony
* 1657: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
* 1687: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
* 1690: yellow fever – New York, New York
* 1713: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
* 1713 – 1715: measles – Indians of New England and the Great Lakes
* 1721 – 1722: smallpox – Boston, Massachusetts[55]
* 1729: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
* 1738: smallpox – South Carolina
* 1739 – 1740: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
* 1747: measles – Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina
* 1755 – 1756: smallpox – North America
* 1759: measles – North America
* 1761: influenza – North America and West Indies
* 1770s: smallpox – Northwest Coast Indians[56]
* 1772: measles – North America
* 1775: unknown cause – North America, particularly in the northeast
* 1780 – 1782: North American smallpox epidemic – Plains Indians[57]
* 1783: bilious disorder – Dover, Delaware
* 1788: measles – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and New York
* 1788: smallpox – Pueblo Indians
* 1793: influenza and "putrid fever" – Vermont
* 1793: influenza – Virginia
* 1793: yellow fever – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793)[58]
* 1793: unknown – Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
* 1793: unknown – Middletown, Pennsylvania
* 1794: yellow fever – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
* 1796 – 1797: yellow fever – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
* 1798: yellow fever – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
* 1803: yellow fever – New York
* 1820 – 1823: fever – United States spreading from the Schuylkill River
* 1831 – 1832: Asiatic cholera – United States (brought by English immigrants)
* 1831 – 1834: smallpox – Plains Indians
* 1832: cholera – New York City, Montreal and other major cities
* 1833: cholera – Columbus, Ohio
* 1834: cholera – New York City
* 1837: typhus – Philadelphia
* 1837 – 1838: smallpox – Great Plains (1837-38 smallpox epidemic)
* 1841: yellow fever – United States (especially severe in the South)
* 1847: yellow fever New Orleans
* 1848 – 1849: cholera – North America
* 1849: cholera New York
* 1850: yellow fever – United States
* 1850 – 1851: influenza – North America
* 1851: cholera Coles County, Illinois, The Great Plains, and Missouri
* 1852: yellow fever – United States (New Orleans-8,000 die in summer)
* 1855: yellow fever – United States
* 1860 – 1861: smallpox – Pennsylvania
* 1862, smallpox - Pacific Northwest, particularly the British Columbia Coast and Interior
* 1865 – 1873: smallpox – Philadelphia, New York City, Boston, New Orleans
* 1865 – 1873: cholera – Baltimore, Maryland, Memphis, Washington, DC
* 1865 – 1873: recurring epidemics of typhus, typhoid, scarlet fever, and yellow fever
* 1873 – 1875: influenza – North America and Europe
* 1876: smallpox – Deadwood, South Dakota
* 1876: smallpox

[59]

* 1878: yellow fever – Memphis, New Orleans[60]
* 1885: typhoid – Plymouth, Pennsylvania
* 1886: yellow fever – Jacksonville, Florida
* 1900 – 1904: "Third Pandemic" – San Francisco[61]
* 1916: poliomyelitis – United States
* 1918 – 1920: Spanish flu – United States, Canada, Mexico and Dominican Republic (Worldwide)
* 1980 – present: HIV/AIDS (Worldwide) [62]
* 1981 Dengue Fever – Cuba

* 2009 - present: Influenza, H1N1 epidemic (swine flu)

 

[Watchman]

2009 Gujarat hepatitis outbreak

2009 Gujarat hepatitis outbreak
Location of Modasa in Gujarat
Date early 2009
Location Modasa, Gujarat, India
Casualties
49 dead[1]
125+ infected[2]

The early 2009 Gujarat hepatitis B outbreak is a hepatitis B epidemic that spread in Modasa, northern Gujarat, India. Over 125 people were infected and up to 49 people were killed in the epidemic.[1][2] Several doctors were investigated and arrested after the outbreaks.
Contents
[hide]

* 1 Arrests
* 2 Reaction
* 3 Hepatitis B
* 4 See also
* 5 References

[edit] Arrests

The doctors were accused of re-using syringes, which had been contaminated with hepatitis B virus, to treat other patients. Eight medical practitioners, including doctors Govind and Chintal Patel, were arrested under the Indian Penal Code for culpable homicide not amounting to murder after allegedly re-using infected syringes.[3] One of them was also charged with attempted murder.[2] Most of the people affected had received medical treatment from Dr. Patel in the last six months. Medical officials conducted a raid on Patel's clinic and found several used syringes and other medical waste.[2][4]

[edit] Reaction

The Government of Gujarat started a mass immunization drive under strict medical supervision in Modasa, which set up 60 booths in Modasa and nearby cities.[5] 224 medical teams, including some from All Indian Institute of Medical Sciences and National Institute of Virology have set up camps in Modasa, and will remain there for at least a month.[1][6] According to the officials 25,000 vaccines were sent to the most affected area and 600,000 more vaccines are being arranged from Hyderabad.[7] In addition, the government distributed 30,000 pamphlets and mounted a campaign to inform residents about the disease.[6]

The Health Department of the Gujarat government have sent 600,000 doses of vaccine to the area.[8]

[edit] Hepatitis B
Main article: Hepatitis B virus

The hepatitis B virus infects the liver and causes an inflammation called hepatitis. It is a DNA virus and one of many unrelated viruses that cause viral hepatitis. The disease, originally known as "serum hepatitis",[9] has caused epidemics in parts of Asia and Africa, and it is endemic in China.[10] About a third of the world's population, more than 2 billion people, have been infected with the hepatitis B virus.[11] This includes 350 million chronic carriers of the virus.[12] The acute illness causes liver inflammation, vomiting and jaundice. The infection is preventable by vaccination.[13]

Transmission of hepatitis B results from exposure to infectious blood or body fluids containing blood. Possible forms of transmission include (but are not limited to) unprotected sexual contact, blood transfusions, re-use of contaminated needles & syringes, and vertical transmission from mother to child during childbirth. HBV can be transmitted between family members within households, possibly by contact of nonintact skin or mucous membrane with secretions or saliva containing HBV.[14][15] However, at least 30% of reported cases of hepatitis B among adults cannot be associated with an identifiable risk factor.[16]

Warning
Hepatitis B is rappant !
Other men please be wary of any of the local Chinese women you seeing because . They once dated and slept with countless of Foreign Indians when they were here.

 

[cowbellc]

Actually the devastating plague started after The Great Famine of 1315.
As the European economy slowly improved, and agricultural and manufacturing production eventually reached pre-famine levels, was suddenly ended in the year 1347 by a disaster even worse than the Great Famine.

The effects of that plague and its successors on the men and women of medieval Europe were profound: new attitudes toward death, the value of life, and of one's self. It kindled a growth of class conflict, a loss of respect for the Church, and the emergence of a new pietism (personal spirituality) that profoundly altered European attitudes toward religion. Still another effect, however, was to kindle a new cultural vigor in Europe, one in which the national languages, rather than Latin, were the vehicle of expression. An example of this movement was Giovanni Boccaccio's The Decameron, a collection of tales written in 1350 and set in a country house where a group of noble young men and women of Florence have fled to escape the plague raging in the city.

 

[limpeh2]

THE NEW BLACK DEATH. (and it walks & lies) coming from a cesspool near you in the south continent.

The old black death has got nothing on this latest variant.

=

Notice the close relationship? Black, smelly, innumerable & shit-loving vermins.