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According to National Geographic, the Soviets embarked on one of the greatest mapping efforts the world had ever seen, with hundreds of thousands of maps created.
But the maps were not meant for public reference.
They were created under a secret Soviet military programme during the Cold War, at a time when the United States and Soviet Russia were in a tense race to exert control over the rest of the world using their rival systems of Capitalism and Communism respectively.
Very detailed maps
Intricate details of the locales were included in the maps.
For example, the maps of China included notes on local vegetation and whether water from a particular area’s wells was safe to drink.
Those of US cities also included military buildings that are omitted from the era’s American-made maps.
Even details on the materials used to construct bridges and their load-bearing capacities were indicated.
In an era before the internet, the kinds of details included in the Soviet maps would not have been possible without the help of a network of personnel on the ground.
In some instances, the ground information would have been gathered by spies.
The maps came to light, when the Soviet Union broke up and began to collapse in the late 1980s, but the circumstances of their revelation remain unknown, according to Nat Geo.
They somehow began appearing on international map dealers’ catalogues.
Singapore was not spared from being mapped by the Soviets
Eight Soviet military maps were acquired and released by the National Archives of Singapore (NAS) in the first quarter of 2016.
The maps have covering dates ranging from the 1960s to 1980s and depict our island in amazing detail, but they’re all in Russian.
Here’s one depicting Singapore and the region in 1961. It includes the network of major roads, locations of air bases, and the location of downtown Singapore, which is in the southeast of the island.
You can view the full map here. Source: NAS
This 1983 map shows the top half of Singapore in great topographical detail.
You can see the full map here. Source: NAS
The overall view of the map showing the southwest of Singapore in 1982 looks like this.
You can see the full map here. Source: NAS
But you can see the rich details when you zoom in. The screenshot below shows the Jurong West area with part of the industrial estate in the white area on the lower left.
You can see the full map here. Source: NAS
Similarly, a 1982 map that shows southern and southeastern Singapore carries this level of detail. This portion shows the town area with the Singapore River snaking across in the lower centre half.
The old National Stadium can also be found near the top right of the map.
You can see the full map here. Source: NAS
It is clear that the maps carry a lot of visual details, and if we’re able to read Russian, we’d be able to extract even more information out of these.
More intriguingly, perhaps, we can’t help but wonder how the information indicated in these maps were gathered.
Were they done through legit public sources or was espionage also involved?
And while it might seem far-fetched that espionage might be involved, the recent case of Huang Jing, and the past case of a Singaporean officer seduced by a Russian spy might make you think otherwise.
https://mothership.sg/2017/10/sovie...re-in-extremely-great-detail-during-cold-war/