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The Malaysia ruling party has learned a lot across the straits.
PERMATANG PAUH, Malaysia - After 10 days of racist insults, accusations of sodomy and oblique references to murder, campaigning drew to a close Monday in a key by-election to Malaysia's Parliament that opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim looks set to win easily.
Anwar, 61, is pitted against Arif Shah Omar Shah of the governing National Front coalition in Tuesday's by-election in this semi-rural district in the industrial heartland of Penang state.
Anwar, a former deputy prime minister with an eye for the top job, sees his imminent entry into Parliament as the next step in his effort to topple the government of Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi by mid-September.
If Anwar succeeds and becomes prime minister, it would be a stunning political comeback for the man who was ousted from the ruling coalition in 1998 and served six years in prison for sodomy and corruption. Anwar has always said those charges were political frame-ups.
There is little doubt that he will win, despite being charged anew with sodomizing his male aide in June, said Ibrahim Suffian, director of the independent Merdeka Center, which conducted a telephone poll of 544 voters from Friday to Sunday.
Ibrahim said 57 percent of those polled believe that Anwar is "capable of bringing change that will benefit the people regardless of race."
Anwar is assured of most votes of the minority Chinese and Indians. The Malay voters, who form 60 percent of the constituency's 59,000 electorate, are split between Anwar and Arif Shah. Campaigning ends Monday midnight.
"I think it's a test of who protects the Malay interests the most, to which party will they entrust the political future," said Ibrahim.
In general elections in March, Anwar's three-party opposition alliance won an unprecedented 82 of Parliament's 222 seats _ 30 short of a majority _ as well as control of five states.
Among the seats won by the opposition was Permatang Pauh by Anwar's wife, Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, with nearly double the votes as her main rival.
Anwar could not contest the March elections because of a ban on holding political office stemming from a previous corruption conviction. It was slapped on him in 1998 when he was also charged and later convicted of sodomy. The sodomy conviction was overturned by the Supreme Court in 2004, and the political ban expired in April this year.
In June, Wan Azizah resigned her seat to allow Anwar to contest it.
"What is important to me is to win, whether it is by a margin of one or 10,000, it doesn't matter," Anwar told The Associated Press.
But his campaign received an early setback when his accuser, Saiful Bukhari Azlan, swore on the Quran at a Kuala Lumpur mosque on Aug. 15 _ a day before Anwar filed his candidacy papers for the election _ that he was raped by Anwar.
Pollster Ibrahim said 57 percent of the Permatang Pauh voters do not believe in the sodomy allegation and 59 percent said it was politically motivated. Sodomy is punishable by up to 20 years in jail in Malaysia.
But that has not prevented the National Front from using the sodomy case during the campaign. The oath-taking _ recorded with professional audio and video equipment _ has been played at Arif Shah's campaign centers.
In response, Anwar on Sunday campaigned with Ramlang Porigi, the Muslim cleric who witnessed the aide's oath. The cleric cast doubt on the oath's validity, saying he thought it could be part of a political conspiracy.
The ruling coalition's campaign posters have also described Anwar as an Israeli agent who would allow American military bases in the country the minute he becomes prime minister.
Fliers have depicted him as leading a Cabinet of pigs, which are considered unclean animals in Islam.
The opposition has delivered a few punches under the belt too. Anwar has called ruling party leaders stupid, idiots, scoundrels and damned.
His party posters have shown images of slain Mongolian woman Altantuya Shaariibuu with the word "Justice" stamped on her forehead in red.
Shaariibuu, 28, was shot in October 2006 and blown up with explosives in a jungle. Abdul Razak Baginda, a close friend of Deputy Prime Minister Najib Razak, is on trial for abetting the murder. Najib also has been linked to the woman with allegations that he had an affair with her.
Najib denies this vehemently, and recently took an oath in a mosque that he never knew the woman.
Despite such provocations, ruling party workers have remained disciplined, said Education Minister Hishamuddin Hussein.
"I myself have been spat at, kicked, abused all the way," he said. "But our discipline has not been provoked by whatever action is taken by the other side.
PERMATANG PAUH, Malaysia - After 10 days of racist insults, accusations of sodomy and oblique references to murder, campaigning drew to a close Monday in a key by-election to Malaysia's Parliament that opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim looks set to win easily.
Anwar, 61, is pitted against Arif Shah Omar Shah of the governing National Front coalition in Tuesday's by-election in this semi-rural district in the industrial heartland of Penang state.
Anwar, a former deputy prime minister with an eye for the top job, sees his imminent entry into Parliament as the next step in his effort to topple the government of Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi by mid-September.
If Anwar succeeds and becomes prime minister, it would be a stunning political comeback for the man who was ousted from the ruling coalition in 1998 and served six years in prison for sodomy and corruption. Anwar has always said those charges were political frame-ups.
There is little doubt that he will win, despite being charged anew with sodomizing his male aide in June, said Ibrahim Suffian, director of the independent Merdeka Center, which conducted a telephone poll of 544 voters from Friday to Sunday.
Ibrahim said 57 percent of those polled believe that Anwar is "capable of bringing change that will benefit the people regardless of race."
Anwar is assured of most votes of the minority Chinese and Indians. The Malay voters, who form 60 percent of the constituency's 59,000 electorate, are split between Anwar and Arif Shah. Campaigning ends Monday midnight.
"I think it's a test of who protects the Malay interests the most, to which party will they entrust the political future," said Ibrahim.
In general elections in March, Anwar's three-party opposition alliance won an unprecedented 82 of Parliament's 222 seats _ 30 short of a majority _ as well as control of five states.
Among the seats won by the opposition was Permatang Pauh by Anwar's wife, Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, with nearly double the votes as her main rival.
Anwar could not contest the March elections because of a ban on holding political office stemming from a previous corruption conviction. It was slapped on him in 1998 when he was also charged and later convicted of sodomy. The sodomy conviction was overturned by the Supreme Court in 2004, and the political ban expired in April this year.
In June, Wan Azizah resigned her seat to allow Anwar to contest it.
"What is important to me is to win, whether it is by a margin of one or 10,000, it doesn't matter," Anwar told The Associated Press.
But his campaign received an early setback when his accuser, Saiful Bukhari Azlan, swore on the Quran at a Kuala Lumpur mosque on Aug. 15 _ a day before Anwar filed his candidacy papers for the election _ that he was raped by Anwar.
Pollster Ibrahim said 57 percent of the Permatang Pauh voters do not believe in the sodomy allegation and 59 percent said it was politically motivated. Sodomy is punishable by up to 20 years in jail in Malaysia.
But that has not prevented the National Front from using the sodomy case during the campaign. The oath-taking _ recorded with professional audio and video equipment _ has been played at Arif Shah's campaign centers.
In response, Anwar on Sunday campaigned with Ramlang Porigi, the Muslim cleric who witnessed the aide's oath. The cleric cast doubt on the oath's validity, saying he thought it could be part of a political conspiracy.
The ruling coalition's campaign posters have also described Anwar as an Israeli agent who would allow American military bases in the country the minute he becomes prime minister.
Fliers have depicted him as leading a Cabinet of pigs, which are considered unclean animals in Islam.
The opposition has delivered a few punches under the belt too. Anwar has called ruling party leaders stupid, idiots, scoundrels and damned.
His party posters have shown images of slain Mongolian woman Altantuya Shaariibuu with the word "Justice" stamped on her forehead in red.
Shaariibuu, 28, was shot in October 2006 and blown up with explosives in a jungle. Abdul Razak Baginda, a close friend of Deputy Prime Minister Najib Razak, is on trial for abetting the murder. Najib also has been linked to the woman with allegations that he had an affair with her.
Najib denies this vehemently, and recently took an oath in a mosque that he never knew the woman.
Despite such provocations, ruling party workers have remained disciplined, said Education Minister Hishamuddin Hussein.
"I myself have been spat at, kicked, abused all the way," he said. "But our discipline has not been provoked by whatever action is taken by the other side.
