Non-Stop Writeup on SHiT, Even During CNY!

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<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0><TBODY><TR>'Rice parties' for Yio Chu Kang's needy
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Mr Seng Han Thong at a community event last year. The MP also started 'Rice Parties' for needy constituents last year. More of such events may be held. -- LIANHE ZAOBAO FILE PHOTO
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<!-- START OF : div id="storytext"--><!-- more than 4 paragraphs -->FROM nasi lemak to porridge to even rice kueh-kuehs, needy Yio Chu Kang residents regularly tuck into these rice-based dishes - for free.
And when they are finished, they even get to take home a pack of rice for cooking at home.
This is under a scheme called 'Rice Parties', which was started by MP Seng Han Thong in May last year.
In the year to May 2008, the price of rice skyrocketed worldwide, due to a confluence of factors including strong demand, supply worries, hoarding, speculative commodity trades and export bans by some producing countries.
Mr Seng started the rice scheme to alleviate the burden of low-income families, Mr Wan Chong Hock, the vice-chairman of Yio Chu Kang's Citizens' Consultative Committee (CCC), told The Straits Times.
About 100 people benefit from the meals, which are held quarterly at the Yio Chu Kang community centre, said MrWan.
The beneficiaries are mostly low-income senior citizens, especially those on public assistance.
The scheme is sponsored by the CCC and its grassroots patrons, who are mostly businessmen.
The constituency's grassroots leaders are also planning to adapt the scheme to today's recession, added Mr Wan.
For example, the frequency of these 'rice parties' may be increased.
They may also be opened up to higher- income workers like professionals and managers who lose their jobs in this recession 'on a case-by-case basis', he said.
In his Chinese New Year address last Friday, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong cited Yio Chu Kang as an example of where grassroots organisations are coming up with 'new and innovative ways' to help residents cope with the economic crisis.
'In Yio Chu Kang, grassroots leaders regularly organise 'Rice Parties' to provide needy residents with rice, rations and NTUC vouchers,' said Mr Lee. 'Other constituencies provide free hawker meals, or run 'Sunday Markets' where unemployed and low-income residents can set up stalls and earn some money for themselves.'
Mr Lee pledged the Government's support for such community efforts, saying it would give voluntary welfare organisations and self-help groups more funds to do more good work.
Mr Seng, who suffered an attack from a mentally-unstable resident two weeks ago, is still in Singapore General Hospital. He underwent a skin graft earlier following the burns he endured in the attack.
LI XUEYING

 

[VIBGYOR]

do so many things still kena BBQ?

where's da KARMA?

 

[chinkangkor]

I suspect the Rice Parties is opened to only a small number of needy for media publicity purposes only. That's why that Ong kar Zhua has been left out in the cold without any assistance.

 

[VIBGYOR]

grassroots wayang wayang exposed here!

http://www.sammyboy.com/showthread.php?t=16016

 

[Ass_Loong_Son]

Do you know what a Burt Shit is like?



It is called Dung Fuel or Dung Cakes.

http://images.google.com.sg/imgres?...=136&prev=/images?q=dung+fuel&um=1&hl=en&sa=N

http://www.bioenergylists.org/stovesdoc/apro/dung/Aprodung.htm

Dung drying on tree in Mysore, Karnataka, India.1

 

[Ass_Loong_Son]

http://www.bioenergylists.org/stovesdoc/apro/dung/Aprodung.htm

Designing a Clean-Burning, High-Efficiency, Dung-Burning Stove:

Lessons in cooking with cow patties.



Mark Witt, Kristina Weyer, David Manning


February 2006,Aprovecho Research Center, ASAT Lab, contact: [email protected]







Introduction



People around the world use wood and biomass as their primary fuel source. From China to Kenya, Guatemala to India, half of humanity cooks over biomass fires. There has been much effort in the past in improving stoves that burn wood or charcoal, but a great number of people do not use or have access to wood fuel. Many of them use dung as their primary fuel source. However, not much work has been done on improving stoves designed specifically for burning dung. Testimonies from the field state that the burning of dung is a smoky and inefficient process. Aprovecho Research Center has begun efforts to design better dung-burning stoves and just like with wood-burning stoves it is believed that with the implementation of advanced combustion techniques significant improvements in efficiency and emissions can be gained. In fact, dung can be as good or better than wood as cooking fuel. The contents of this report lay out our efforts thus far, but first an introduction to the history and practice of cooking with dung.


Background



For many people worldwide, dung is the only available fuel source. Deforestation and erosion have contributed to great fuel wood shortages in many areas of central Asia, south Asia and Africa.

2: Dung drying on wall, Turkey. 3: Dung drying in piles, north India.



4: Dung drying in pile, Armenia. 5: Storage of dung in home in Turkey.

Great quantities of dung are dried and burned, often very inefficiently, yet very little focus has been made in the area of improving dung-burning stoves and most stoves are built without consideration of advanced combustion principles. Chulah-type stoves that are simple u-shaped combustion boxes are used throughout north India and Nepal (Fig. 6). This model does nothing to improve air flow or raise combustion temperatures and likely burns as a smoky, inefficient mess.
Figure 6, Chulah-type dung stove.

In India, the hara stove is widely used in rural areas of Rajasthan, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh. As can be seen from the diagram below (Fig. 7), the pot sits directly on the dungcakes. Presumably, this generates many problems, including creating a great deal of smoke by reducing air flow. There is nowhere for burnt ash to escape. Both the ash and the pot act to smother the flame. It is worth noting that hara stoves are primarily used for the slow heating of milk without boiling over a few hours. Thus, an inefficient smoldering fire is useful but the same task can also be accomplished without the high emissions and inefficient fuel use.



In Tibet, where climates are colder, stoves are used for both heating and cooking. Yak dung is the primary fuel source. Notice the stoves in Figures 8 and 9 are equipped with chimneys which should significantly reduce the levels of indoor air pollution in the home. However, there is room for improvement, especially in terms of heat transfer efficiency. From these photographs, there is evidence that with minor modifications, significant reductions in fuel use could be achieved.

Figure 8, Photo of cooking/heating stove, Tibet. Figure 9, Photo of cooking/heating stove, Tibet.

Considerable debate remains over fixing a value for available energy in cow dung fuel, whereas most other fuels agree within a reasonable degree across the published literature. This could be due to a wide variety of compositional ash content in dung, thus significantly affecting the energy content. Published values for ash content range from 20-50 percent. Accordingly, published values for the firepower of dung range from about 50-75% that of wood reflecting the discrepancies over ash content. Table 1 shows heating values for three fuels. Notice the consistencies across sources for ricehulls and wood, but the disagreement over energy in dung.



Table 1: Available Energy in Biomass Fuels, Dry




Heating Value1, Btu/lb


Heating Value1, kJ/kg


Heating Value2, kJ/kg

Wood



Prototype Design



Utilizing the design principles developed by Larry Winiarski and Aprovecho, Kristina Weyer has developed a prototype dung-burning stove with high draft, high firepower, and great flame activity with relatively little smoke. Yes, a dung-burning stove can sustain a flame!

 

[Ass_Loong_Son]

LOADS OF PAP BULL SHIT? LOL!

http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/09/07/dung_battery/

US battery boffins build cow dung fuel cell

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Moo-bile applications

By Tony Smith • Get more from this author

Posted in Science, 7th September 2005 10:12 GMT

Free Download - Comparing Data Center Batteries, Flywheels and Ultracapacitors

Cow dung has provided human beings with fuel for millennia. Now, thanks to research conducted by Ohio State University, it could become the foundation for future notebook power plants. [COLOR="_______"]BULL-SHIT-LAPTOP???[/COLOR]

To be fair, it's not the manure per se that's the power source, but the bacteria crawling through it.

According to researcher Ann Christy, Associate Professor of food, agricultural and biological engineering, the bugs in 0.5l of bovine gastric juices can generate 600mV - half the voltage needed to power up a AA-sized rechargeable battery. The voltage arises from electrons freed when the bacteria digest cellulose in the cow's gut.

Since it's easier to extract the bacteria after they have left the cow's intestinal tract, fecal matter looks like a far better source that the stomach fluid.

Indeed, the Ohio State researchers ran a dung-packed fuel cell for "well over 30 days without a decrease in the voltage output", said co-researcher and Ohio State graduate student Hamid Rismani-Yazdi. The cell generated 300-400mV.

“While that's a very small amount of voltage, the results show that it is possible to create electricity from cow waste,” Christy said.

The downside is size: the experimental fuel cells comprised two cylinders each 30cm high and 15cm in diameter. There's also the problem of how much power the bugs generate.

“Although it's too early to tell if this kind of fuel cell can produce significantly more electricity," said Christy, "the fact that the [stomach] fluid worked in our study means that there are additional electricity-producing microbes that we have yet to identify." ®