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https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/06/...al-becomes-casualty-of-ukraine-sanctions.html
Canceling Deal for 2 Warships, France Agrees to Repay Russia
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A Mistral-class amphibious assault ship built for Russia at Saint-Nazaire, France, in May 2014.CreditCreditJean-Sebastien Evrard/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
By Sabrina Tavernise
- Aug. 5, 2015
Russia annexed Crimea, a peninsula in Ukraine last year, an act that drew international condemnation and prompted economic sanctions from the United States and Europe. The two Mistral warships, built to carry helicopters and sold to Russia in 2011, were casualties.
On Wednesday, President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia spoke with his French counterpart, François Hollande, by phone and they later released statements acknowledging that the deal had collapsed and that Russia had been fully reimbursed. They did not say how much money Russia received. Previous reports in the Russian news media put the sum at about $1.3 billion.
“France has already transferred these funds,” the Kremlin news service said in a statement on its website. “Moscow considers the Mistral question completely resolved.”
The ships were the biggest purchase of military equipment by Russia from a Western country since the fall of the Soviet Union, said Ruslan Pukhov, the director of the Center for Analysis of Strategies and Technologies in Moscow. The failure of the deal is symbolic of the profound break with the West over the conflict in Ukraine.
The outcome had been long expected, and Russian news reports had noted that the sticking points were mainly about how much money would be returned.
http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/china/2018-08-25/doc-ihicsiaw9055537.shtml
China's 054AE frigate and amphibious ship debut in Russia really want to sell to the Russian army?
August 25, 2018, 11:29 Observer Network
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[Wang Shichun] The "Army-2018" International Military Technology Forum hosted by the Russian Ministry of Defense opened on August 21 in Kubinka, Moscow. This military feast of the East ushered in the Chinese military industry this year. Debut. Chinese military industrial enterprises have carried 054A frigates, amphibious assault ships, pterosaur drones and other advanced weapons to appear in Kubinka. Russian media said that the main purpose of Chinese military industrial enterprises is not to sell Chinese weapons to traditional Russian users, but to provide more defense cooperation when Russia is embargoed by the West.
According to the Russian satellite network reported on August 23, this year's military forum opened on the 21st in the Patriot Park in the western suburbs of Moscow. China's major military equipment manufacturers made their debut, such as China North Industries Group Corporation, AVIC Chengdu Famous foreign trade companies such as the Aircraft Design Institute have set up their own booths. China North Industries Corporation displayed VT-4 main battle tanks, VT-5 main battle tanks, PLZ-52 advanced 155mm artillery system and Red Arrow-12 anti-tank missiles and other northern industries in their large booths. Shelf products.
However, the advantage of VT-4 in this defense exhibition is not great, but the guidance weapon in the north is still very competitive, such as the red arrow 12 picture shows the VT-4 at the Zhuhai Air Show.
In addition to the generous display of its own shelf star products by North Industries, many Chinese defense companies also displayed some technologies that the Russian side could not provide. According to social media news, a subsidiary of CSSC displayed the export model 054AE of the 054A frigate at the exhibition. At the same time, it exhibited a model of an amphibious assault ship and a model of a coastal mission ship. China showed amphibious assault. The ship also has a reason, because the Russian Navy does have such a demand - due to sanctions, the Russian Navy can not get cash from the French northwest wind class amphibious assault ship.
China provided Russia with a model source for the 054A export-type, amphibious assault ship and coastal mission ship: Weibo North Defense Service
The Chengdu Aircraft Design Institute of AVIC also demonstrated the pterosaur series of multi-advanced drones such as the UAV. The Russian Defense Minister Shaygu also went to the booth of Chengfei, and the staff of the Feifei introduced their company. The product.
Compared with the Russian "Orion" of the pterosaur-2, Chengfei really went to the scene this time... Source: Russian media
At the same time, Jane's Defense Weekly also paid attention to the "Sleeve Sword" individual missile of China Aerospace Science and Technology Eighth Hospital. This is a 60mm caliber small single-shoulder-style "post-launch" multi-purpose missile, which uses TV guidance. Automatic tracking, can hit a variety of targets, and weighs only 1 kg. This small precision guided weapon is difficult to provide in Russia.
"Sleeve Sword" missile on the Russian booth
At the 2016 Zhuhai Air Show, the Sword Sword debuted
China Electronics Co., Ltd. (CEC) also hopes to expand its business in the region through this forum.
According to the Russian satellite news network, the high-profile Chinese companies in this exhibition did not take the initiative to participate, but invited by Russia. The article believes that this is another milestone in the recent strengthening of strategic cooperation between China and Russia. According to reports, representatives of the North Industries said to the satellite news agency: During the military-technical exchanges between China and Russia , the Russian side made recommendations and hoped that China could organize its military industry groups to participate in this international military forum. Under the Chinese government's organization, our company and other top domestic groups and companies participated in the 'Army-2018' forum, demonstrating China's own achievements in aircraft manufacturing, aerospace, shipbuilding and electronics.
The Russian media believes that the main purpose of Chinese military industrial enterprises is not to sell Chinese weapons to traditional Russian users, but to provide more defense cooperation when Russia is embargoed by the West . The recent Western sanctions in Russia have led Russia, which lacks sophisticated electronic components, to continue to acquire the “heart” necessary to manufacture weapons from the West and Israel, which gives China's electronic instrument manufacturing industry an opportunity to strengthen cooperation with Russia.
IRay Technology Corporation, headquartered in Shandong, also participated in the forum for the first time. When the Russian satellite news agency interviewed the company, the company's representative said that the Western embargo on Russia opened up new market opportunities for Chinese companies. The representative of the company stated:
“Our company can provide infrared thermal imaging technology. Since Russia cannot produce infrared imaging sensors in China , it used to rely on imported equipment from France, the United States or Israel. We have an advantage today because Western countries have recently banned exports related to Russia. technology.
He added that his company has participated in a similar technology exhibition in Russia for two years and has established business relationships with local partners:
“Several Russian exhibitors offering infrared imaging products at this year's forum are our customers .”
中国054AE护卫舰及两栖舰亮相俄罗斯 真要卖给俄军？
中国054AE护卫舰及两栖舰亮相俄罗斯 真要卖给俄军？
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[文/观察者网王世纯]由俄罗斯国防部主办的“军队-2018”国际军事技术论坛8月21日在莫斯科州库宾卡市开幕，这场东方的军事盛宴今年迎来了中国军工企业的首次亮相。中国军工企业此次携带054A型护卫舰，两栖攻击舰，翼龙无人机等多型先进武器亮相库宾卡。俄媒称，中国军工企业参展的主要目的并非是向传统的俄罗斯用户推销中国武器，而是在俄罗斯被西方禁运时候提供更多的防务合作。
据俄罗斯卫星网8月23日报道，今年的军事论坛于21日在莫斯科西郊的爱国者公园（Patriot Park）开幕，中国主要军事装备制造商首次亮相，比如中国北方工业集团公司，中航工业成都飞机设计研究所等著名外贸企业都设立了自己的展台。中国北方工业总公司在他们的大展台中展示了VT-4型主战坦克，VT-5型主战坦克，PLZ-52先进155毫米火炮系统和红箭-12反坦克导弹等多款北方工业货架产品。
不过VT-4在本次防务展会上体现的优势并不大，倒是北方的制导武器还是很有竞争力的，比如红箭12 图为珠海航展上的VT-4
除了北方工业慷慨的展示了自己的货架明星产品以外，中国多家防务企业也在展台上展示了一些俄罗斯方面无法提供的技术。据社交媒体消息，中船工业下属的一家子公司在展会上展示了054A型护卫舰的出口型号054AE，同时展出了一款两栖攻击舰的模型和一款滨海任务舰的模型，中国展示两栖攻击舰也是有原因的，因为俄罗斯海军确实有这种需求——由于制裁原因，俄罗斯海军无法从法国哪里拿到现金的西北风级两栖攻击舰。
中国向俄罗斯提供了054A出口型，两栖攻击舰和滨海任务舰的模型 图源：微博北国防务
中航工业成都飞机设计研究所也展示出了翼龙系列查打一体无人机等多先进无人机产品，俄罗斯国防部长绍伊古也去了成飞的展台，听成飞工作人员介绍了他们公司的产品。
参观翼龙-2的绍伊古 和俄罗斯“猎户座”相比，成飞这次真的去砸场子了……图源：俄罗斯媒体
同时，简氏防务周刊也关注了中国航天科工八院的“袖剑”单兵导弹，这是一种60毫米口径小型单兵肩扛式“发射后不管”多用途导弹，采用电视制导，自动跟踪，可以打击多种目标，而且重量只有1斤。这种小型的精确制导武器是俄罗斯难以提供的。
在俄罗斯展台上的“袖剑”导弹
2016珠海航展的时候，袖剑首次亮相
中国电子股份有限公司（CEC）也希望通过此次论坛扩大在该地区的业务。
据俄罗斯卫星新闻网报道，本次展会中高调亮相的中国企业，并非主动要求参加，而是俄罗斯邀请的，文章认为这是中俄近期加强战略合作的又一个里程碑。据报道，北方工业公司代表向卫星通讯社表示：在中俄两国进行军技交流的时候，俄方提出建议，希望中国能够组织本国军工集团参加本次国际军事论坛。在中国政府的组织下，我们公司和国内其他一些顶尖集团和公司参加了‘军队-2018’论坛，展示了中国自己在飞机制造、航空航天、船舶和电子领域的成果
俄媒认为，中国军工企业参展的主要目的并非是向传统的俄罗斯用户推销中国武器，而是在俄罗斯被西方禁运时候提供更多的防务合作。近期俄罗斯遇到的西方制裁，导致缺乏精密电子元件的俄罗斯无法从西方和以色列继续获得制造武器必需的“心脏”，这给了中国电子仪器制造业一个加强与俄罗斯进行合作的机会。
总部位于山东的IRay科技股份有限公司（IRay Technology Corporation）也首次参加了此次论坛。在俄罗斯卫星通讯社采访该公司时，该公司代表表示，西方对于俄罗斯的禁运为中国企业打开了新的市场机遇。该公司代表表示：
“我们公司可以提供红外热成像技术。由于俄罗斯无法在国内生产红外成像传感器，它过去依赖从法国、美国或以色列进口这种设备。我们今天有一个优势，因为西方国家近期禁止对俄罗斯出口相关的技术。
他补充说，他的公司已经在俄罗斯参加了两年类似的技术展览，并且已经和当地的合作伙伴建立了商业关系：
“在今年的论坛上提供红外成像产品的几家俄罗斯参展商是我们的客户。”
