Moscow threatens to speed missiles to Syria but also offers to delay
By Thomas Grove
MOSCOW | Fri May 31, 2013 12:53pm EDT
(Reuters) - Russia could speed up delivery of anti-aircraft missiles to Syria if the West intervenes, but also floated the idea of suspending the shipment, Russian media reported on Friday, as Moscow set out its negotiating position ahead of peace talks.
A Russian arms industry source was quoted by Interfax news agency as threatening to hasten delivery of the hotly-contested S-300 missiles if the West were to impose a no-fly zone or Israel were to launch new air strikes.
However the source also "did not exclude that the delivery of the S-300 to Syria could be frozen for a period of time" Interfax reported, comparing the move to the delivery of another weapons system that was suspended by Moscow.
Russia's arms industry is firmly controlled by the state, and it is unlikely the unidentified source would be authorized to speak without the blessing of the Kremlin.
Russia and the West are staking out positions with parallel threats to arm the warring sides ahead of a peace conference next month, the first attempt in a year by the global powers on either side in Syria's civil war to look for a way to end it.
French President Francois Hollande said it was unacceptable for Moscow to talk about arming the Syrian government ahead of the conference, even as he repeated his own threats to arm the rebels fighting against President Bashar al-Assad.
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry and German Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelle also criticized Russia for discussing arms sales to Assad.
Yuri Ushakov, President Vladimir Putin's foreign policy aide, said it was the EU's decision last week to lift its embargo on arming the rebels that was "not conducive to preparations for such an important international event" as the Geneva conference.
Paris and London say they wanted the embargo lifted ahead of the peace talks to gain leverage over Assad and Moscow.
In another signal that Moscow is prepared to arm Assad, the head of aircraft maker MiG was quoted as saying he still plans to send Syria at least 10 MiG-29 fighters under a 2007 contract.
WORRYING
Particularly worrying for the West is Moscow's plans to fulfill a 2010 contract to send Assad the S-300, an advanced anti-aircraft missile system that could make it far more dangerous to impose a no-fly zone, and could threaten planes deep inside the air space of Israel or NATO-member Turkey.
The Russian arms industry source said the S-300 missiles could not arrive in Syria for months, but the pace of delivery would be determined by the behavior of Assad's foes.
"Regarding the deliveries of the S-300, they can begin no earlier than the autumn," the source said. "Technically it's possible, but much will depend on how the situation develops in the region and the position of Western countries."
Without naming Israel specifically, Interfax paraphrased the source as saying: "Air attacks on Syria from the side of a neighboring government or the introduction of a so-called no-fly zone above Syria may serve as a pretext for speeding up the deliveries of the S-300."
Israel, which has bombed Syria at least three times in recent months to prevent Assad from transferring arms to his Lebanese Hezbollah militia allies, has urgently called on Moscow to scrap the S-300 deliveries, as have Western countries.
France's Hollande set out his country's position - shared with Britain and other allies - that the West must be able to arm the rebels as long as Moscow is arming Assad.
"We cannot accept that when we are preparing Geneva 2 (talks) with the idea of finding a political solution, that Russia is delivering weapons at the same time to Assad's regime, and that we should be (prevented) from delivering weapons to the opposition," Hollande said.
"To ensure the political solution happens, you should never put aside the option of military pressure, and in this case it is lifting the EU embargo."
"PRETTY GOOD AIR DEFENCES"
Russian daily Vedomosti has reported that Assad bought four units of the modernized S-300PMU-2 system for nearly $1 billion.
The S-300 can track targets up to 300 km (190 miles) away and can hit at a range of up to 200 km, sparking Israeli fears that Assad's reach could extend well into the Jewish state and threaten flights over its main commercial airport near Tel Aviv.
Western experts say the missiles would enhance Assad's Russian-supplied arsenal of short-range Pantsir missiles and medium-range BUK missile systems.
A source close to the Russian Defense Ministry said Assad would use his other air Defense systems to guard the S-300, giving him "pretty good" air defenses.
Russia has been Assad's most powerful diplomatic ally in a conflict that has killed more than 80,000 people since March 2011. Along with China, it has vetoed three U.N. Security Council resolutions aimed at pressuring Assad to end violence.
RIA news agency quoted the head of MiG as saying he was discussing terms for the fighter jets with a Syrian delegation in Moscow now. It did not say when delivery was expected.
Russia had planned to begin delivering last year on a $600 million contract for 12 MiG-29MM2 fighter jets signed in 2007, with an option for 12 more. The jets are to be equipped with air-to-air and air-to-surface rockets, making them a tough enemy if a "no-fly zone" were imposed.
The source close to the Defense Ministry said Syrian troops would need to be trained on the S-300 in Russia's southern province of Astrakhan.
Former Russian Air Force Commander General Anatoly Kornukov told Interfax such training would need a minimum of two to four weeks. The S-300s themselves would be ready for use "within five minutes after the delivery", he said.
Israeli newspaper Haaretz has quoted National Security Adviser Yaakov Amidror as telling European diplomats that Israel would "prevent the S-300 missiles from becoming operational".
(Additional reporting by Maria Tsvetkova; Editing by Peter Graff and Sonya Hepinstall)
