Chow Ang Moh acknoledged that PLA Navy has WORLD's LARGEST & FASTEST GROWING FLEET, USA is loser!

[war is best form of peace]

https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/china/2020-09-16/doc-iivhvpwy6973230.shtml

美媒：中国短短20年就打造出全球最大舰队 速度惊人

2020年09月16日 09:14 环球时报



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美国海军研究学会网站（USNI）9月10日发表分析员文章， 称中国海军的发展速度超出了美国安全规划者预期。

　　[中国航母辽宁舰]
文章称，一位著名的美国海军战略学家上周三（9月9日）表示，中国在短短20年间成功建造和部署了世界上最大的海上舰队，超出了美国安全规划人员的预期。现在的问题是，未来会是什么样子。
美国战略与预算评估中心发布了题为《龙走哪条路？》的新报告，报告合著者之一吉原恒淑表示，展望未来15年，中国将在“2030年面临结构性差异”。该报告着眼于中国在2030年代的情况，因为那是制定美军采购新决策的时间。报告提出了一系列潜在情况供美国决策者考虑。报告小组成员说，该报告旨在减少未来的“意外范围”。

　　[中国055型导弹驱逐舰]
正如五角大楼最近发表的“中国军力报告”指出的那样，吉原称，北京“现在是造船业的超级大国。毫无疑问，中国愿意付出极大代价出海以扩大其影响力。
报告的另一位合著者，澳大利亚的安全专家罗斯·巴贝奇表示，如果中国要继续使其部队现代化，“许多事情将变得更加昂贵”。例如，中国“在第四代战斗机上投入了巨资”，使其成为印度太平洋地区最大的空军。从长远来看，这种大规模支出对中国会有影响。
文章称，对早期型号飞机和船只的大规模投资也是美国其盟国暴露出来的弱点，目前美国正在寻找解决办法。吉原和巴贝奇表示：“这可能使中国的军事能力在未来的危机中处于边缘地位”。

　[中国075型两栖攻击舰]
吉原警告称：“如果以对中国大陆有利的方式解决本地争端（如台湾问题），那么解放军就能够在全球扩张影响力。”他说，这意味着要对“军事力量”（陆军，海军，空军）进行更多投资，以便在印度太平洋进行更广泛的部署。巴贝奇称：“最大的问题是，美国及其盟友和战略伙伴是否有能力和决心走到一起来平衡中国。”
近年来，美国媒体大规模炒作所谓的中国军事威胁，而美国国防部也定期发布所谓的《中国军力报告》。中国外交部发言人华春莹在9月2日表示，中国加强国防建设是为了维护国家独立、主权和领土完整，是在行使一个主权国家的正当权益，根本无可厚非。中国的军费和美国相差很远，美国军费实际上是排在后面的近10个国家的总和。美国无非是在寻找借口，为它在谋求军事领域的绝对霸权的优势来制造借口而已。
中国国防部新闻发言人吴谦9月13日表示，中国坚持走和平发展道路，坚定奉行防御性国防政策和积极防御的军事战略。中国的军力发展完全是出于维护国家主权、安全和发展利益的需要，不针对任何国家，也不会对任何国家构成威胁。



US media: China has built the world's largest fleet in just 20 years
September 16, 2020 09:14 Global Times
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　　 The website of the United States Naval Research Institute (USNI) published an analyst article on September 10, stating that the pace of development of the Chinese Navy has exceeded the expectations of US security planners.
[Chinese aircraft carrier Liaoning ship]
　　[China Aircraft Carrier Liaoning Ship]

　　 The article stated that a well-known US naval strategist stated last Wednesday (September 9) that China had successfully built and deployed the world's largest maritime fleet in just 20 years, exceeding the expectations of US security planners. The question now is what the future will look like.

　　 The Center for Strategic and Budget Evaluation of the United States issued the title "Which Way is the Dragon Going?" In the new report, Hengshu Yoshihara, one of the co-authors of the report, said that looking forward to the next 15 years, China will "face structural differences in 2030." The report looks at the situation in China in the 2030s, because that is the time to make new US military procurement decisions. The report proposes a series of potential situations for US policymakers to consider. Reporting team members said that the report aims to reduce the “range of surprises” in the future.
[China Type 055 guided missile destroyer]
　　[China Type 055 Missile Destroyer]

　　 As pointed out in the Pentagon’s recent “Chinese Military Power Report”, Yoshihara stated that Beijing “is now a superpower in the shipbuilding industry. There is no doubt that China is willing to pay a great price to expand its influence.

　　 Another co-author of the report, Australian security expert Ross Babbage said that if China continues to modernize its forces, "many things will become more expensive." For example, China "has invested heavily in fourth-generation fighter jets," making it the largest air force in the Indo-Pacific region. In the long run, this large-scale expenditure will have an impact on China.

　　 The article stated that large-scale investment in early model aircraft and ships is also a weakness exposed by the United States and its allies, and the United States is currently looking for a solution. Yoshihara and Babbage said: "This may make China's military capabilities marginal in future crises."
　[China Type 075 Amphibious Assault Ship]

Yoshihara warned: “If local disputes (such as the Taiwan issue) are resolved in a way that is beneficial to mainland China, then the People’s Liberation Army can expand its influence globally.” He said that this means dealing with “military forces” (Army, Navy, Air Force) to invest more in order to deploy more extensively in the Indo-Pacific. Babbage said: "The biggest question is whether the United States and its allies and strategic partners have the ability and determination to come together to balance China."

　　 In recent years, the US media has hyped the so-called Chinese military threat on a large scale, and the US Department of Defense has also regularly released the so-called "Chinese Military Power Report." Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Hua Chunying stated on September 2 that China’s strengthening of national defense is to safeguard national independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity, and it is exercising the legitimate rights and interests of a sovereign country. There is nothing wrong with it. China’s military expenditure is far from that of the United States. The US military expenditure is actually the sum of the nearly 10 countries that rank behind. The United States is nothing more than looking for excuses to create excuses for its pursuit of absolute hegemony in the military field.

　　 China’s Ministry of National Defense spokesperson Wu Qian said on September 13 that China adheres to the path of peaceful development and firmly pursues a defensive national defense policy and a military strategy of active defense. The development of China's military power is entirely out of the need to safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests. It does not target any country or pose a threat to any country.

 

[war is best form of peace]

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003航母分段已就位正在合拢总装 最快年底就能下水

003航母分段已就位正在合拢总装 最快年底就能下水



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来源：兵工科技

最近几天，在上海建造的新型003国产航母终于“初露峥嵘”，它的主要分段已经基本就位，正在合拢总装，根据观察超过300米的水线长度，大大超过了“辽宁”和“山东”舰，这意味着一艘排水量或将超过美国“小鹰”号，接近“尼米兹”级的重型航母即将横空出世。
综合作战能力达到世界级的航母平台有了，新的舰载固定翼预警机也有了（不久前刚刚首飞），大家把关注的目光放到了航空母舰的核心战斗力——新一代舰载战斗机上。实际上，从近日爆出的新消息来看，国产第五代舰载机项目也在加速，歼-31成为航空工业集团公司力推的重点项目，种种迹象表明，歼-31或将是003国产航母舰载战斗机的最佳选择！

珠海航展上曾公开亮相的歼-31 1.0技术验证机，新歼-31与之相比相比，在气动布局上有很大的改动和调整
实际上，从003国产航母的最新进度看，与之配套的第五代舰载战斗机项目时间节点相当紧张，第五代舰载战斗机研制刻不容缓、时间紧迫！
003国产航母合拢在即，根据进度来看，它即将进入总装和设备安装及先期舾装阶段，如果一切顺利的话，003国产航母不迟于2020年年底、2021年年初便能顺利下水，2022年底、2023年初完成舾装和系泊试验，以完整状态交付海军进行海试。2024、2025年就要完成各种试验科目，进入形成战斗力的阶段。也就是说，2025年是我国新一代航母形成作战能力的关键时间点。
那么目前现役的歼-15战斗机能不能继续“顶一顶”，充当新一代国产航母的主力舰载战斗机呢？
鉴于目前地缘政治局势的变化，美国将中国视为挑战其全球霸权的唯一主要对手，开始全面转变其战略力量部署，通过在台湾问题上不断挑战中国红线、加紧在印太地区的军事部署、将海军、空军、海军陆战队精锐力量向中国周边集结、试图与日本、韩国、印度和澳大利亚等组建针对中国的军事联盟等方式，对我构成了重大威胁。具体到战斗机上，到2025年，日本将全面换装F-35系列第五代战斗机，韩国也很可能将换装F-35，韩国自研的KF-X准五代机如果顺利也将在2025年到2030年间服役，加上美国空军、海军/海军陆战队大量的F-22、F-35云集日本冲绳、关岛等基地，亚太地区将全面进入五代机时代。
从美军和我军的一系列五代机与四代机的对抗演练来看，五代机和四代机因隐身等代差技术，导致对抗成绩“一边倒”，实力对比极为悬殊。特别是最近《解放军报》透露空军“王海大队”装备的歼-20在以寡击众、迎战多方向多批次第四代战斗机时，打出了17比0的悬殊战绩。
新一代航母不同于当年“辽宁”和“山东”舰服役时的情势，不能存在以歼-15为主力继续顶十年的想法，必须尽快让五代舰载机研制服役。在五代机研制进度不够顺利，不能及时赶上航母形成战斗力节点时，或许可以以歼-15作为过渡，同时歼-15也可以发挥载弹量优势，与新舰载机“高低搭配”使用继续发挥余热，但歼-15不足以担任制空作战任务，无法与五代机争夺制空权。新航母要执行航空作战任务，必须倚仗五代舰载机。
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The 003 aircraft carrier section is already in place, and the final assembly is being closed, and it can be launched at the end of the year


The 003 aircraft carrier section is already in place, and the final assembly is being closed, and it can be launched at the end of the year



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Source: Ordnance Technology

In recent days, the new 003 domestic aircraft carrier built in Shanghai has finally "showed up." Its main sections have been basically in place, and the final assembly is being closed. According to observations, the length of the waterline exceeds 300 meters, which greatly exceeds the "Liaoning". And the "Shandong" ship, this means that a heavy aircraft carrier with a displacement that will exceed the US "Kitty Hawk" and close to the "Nimitz" class will soon be born.

There is an aircraft carrier platform with a world-class comprehensive combat capability, as well as a new carrier-based fixed-wing early warning aircraft (it just flew not long ago). Everyone is focusing on the core combat capability of the aircraft carrier-a new generation of carrier-based fighters. In fact, judging from the recent news, the domestic fifth-generation carrier-based aircraft project is also accelerating. The J-31 has become a key project promoted by the Aviation Industry Corporation. Various signs indicate that the J-31 may be 003. The best choice for domestic aircraft carrier carrier fighters!

Compared with the J-31 1.0 technical demonstrator that was publicly unveiled at the Zhuhai Air Show, the new J-31 has a lot of changes and adjustments in its aerodynamic layout.

In fact, judging from the latest progress of the 003 domestic aircraft carrier, the time node of the fifth-generation carrier-based fighter project is quite tight. The development of the fifth-generation carrier-based fighter is urgent and time is tight!

The 003 domestic aircraft carrier will be closed soon. According to the progress, it is about to enter the final assembly and equipment installation and early outfitting stages. If all goes well, the 003 domestic aircraft carrier will be launched smoothly no later than the end of 2020 and the beginning of 2021. At the end of 2022, The outfitting and mooring test will be completed in early 2023 and delivered to the navy for sea trials in a complete state. Various test subjects will be completed in 2024 and 2025 and enter the stage of forming combat effectiveness. In other words, 2025 is a critical time point for my country's new generation of aircraft carriers to form combat capabilities.

So can the J-15 fighters currently in service continue to "top one top" and serve as the main carrier fighter of the new generation of domestically-made aircraft carriers?

In view of the changes in the current geopolitical situation, the United States regards China as the only major opponent to challenge its global hegemony, and has begun to comprehensively transform its strategic force deployment. By continuously challenging China’s red line on the Taiwan issue, stepping up its military deployment in the Indo-Pacific region, The elite forces of the Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps are gathering around China, trying to form military alliances against China with Japan, South Korea, India, and Australia, which poses a major threat to me. Specific to fighter jets, by 2025, Japan will be fully equipped with F-35 series fifth-generation fighters, South Korea is also likely to be replaced with F-35, South Korea’s self-developed KF-X quasi-fifth-generation aircraft will also be in 2025 if it goes well. In service from 2030 to 2030, and with a large number of F-22s and F-35s from the U.S. Air Force, Navy/Marine Corps gathering in Okinawa, Guam, Japan and other bases, the Asia-Pacific region will fully enter the fifth-generation aircraft era.

Judging from a series of confrontation exercises between the fifth-generation and fourth-generation fighters of the US and our military, the fifth-generation and fourth-generation fighters have "leaned on one side" due to generation difference technologies such as stealth, and the contrast in strength is extremely different. In particular, the People's Liberation Army Daily revealed that the J-20 equipped by the Air Force's "Wang Hai Brigade" had a 17-0 record in the fight against multiple fourth-generation fighters in multiple directions.

The new generation of aircraft carriers is different from the situation when the "Liaoning" and "Shandong" ships were put into service at that time. There can be no idea that the J-15 will continue to be the main force for ten years, and the fifth generation of carrier-based aircraft must be developed and put into service as soon as possible. When the development progress of the fifth-generation aircraft is not smooth enough to catch up with the aircraft carrier in time to form a combat node, it may be possible to use the J-15 as a transition. At the same time, the J-15 can also take advantage of the ammunition capacity and continue to be used with the new carrier aircraft. Give full play to the waste heat, but the J-15 is not enough for air combat missions and cannot compete with the fifth-generation aircraft for air control. The new aircraft carrier must rely on five generations of carrier-based aircraft to perform aviation combat missions.

Disclaimer: The above content is uploaded and published by netizens on the Sina Military Contend column. It only represents the opinions of the netizens who posted, and does not mean that this website agrees with their opinions and is responsible for their authenticity.



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歼31升级后航程将与F35相当 003航母最多或能载70架

2020年09月16日 09:56 军事自媒体 作者：兵工科技



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来源：兵工科技
歼-31作为航空工业集团自筹资金立项的中型五代机技术验证机项目，航空工业集团公司和沈飞/沈飞所一开始便将“一机多型”作为该项目的核心概念，其中就涵盖了舰载战斗机型号。从首飞之后的几年来看，沈飞所/沈飞在不断的科研试验和研究中，不断推进歼-31技术验证机项目向前进，新技术不断投入，使得歼-31项目在气动设计、整体布局、航电技术等方面不断优化、不断升级，根据航空工业集团公司公开的计划，新一代舰载战斗机将于2021年首飞，而歼-31作为技术验证机“转正”，技术上已经成熟，可谓正当其时。
歼-31新发或到位
从歼-31爆出的最新试飞图片来看，其发动机机尾加力状态下喷射的尾焰与此前的歼-31有明显区别，这或许表明歼-31技术验证机已经换装了新的发动机——这就是WS-13E中等推力涡扇发动机。相比早期使用的俄制RD-93发动机，WS-13可靠性更高、油耗相对更低，技术性能也略有提高。对于歼-31而言，早期使用国产发动机WS-13E，有利于其实现量产。而如果要充分发挥歼-31的设计性能，恐怕还得等待新一代国产中等推力发动机WS-19。
歼-31“腿短”吗？
目前外界对于歼-31有相当多的质疑，首当其冲的就是其作为中型机，在航程、作战半径上不占优势，如果要上舰，这会是一大短板，会缩短航空母舰航空作战的控制范围，削弱航母战斗群的制空/防空作战能力。

歼-31 2.0技术验证机，从机体气动外形设计和机身设计看，改变非常明显
从技术角度看，这一说法其实站不住脚。作为中型机，歼-31经过1.0、2.0时代，方案改进、技术更新，从早期较为单薄的身板发展到现在身材较为“丰满”，表明其在内油设计上“加码”，非常重视歼-31的航程指标。如果与尺寸接近、气动布局类似的F-35A相比，歼-31的外形比“丰满”的F-35A更苗条，其浸润面积显著小于F-35A，考虑到歼-31机长比F-35A要长上将近2米，这意味着歼-31的长细比要明显大于F-35A，无论是长细比还是浸润面积数据，都表明歼-31的升阻比要高于F-35A，飞行中阻力要小得多，这一方面是源自歼-31所使用的双中推在推力数据上比不上F-35A的F135发动机，另一方面也表明，歼-31升阻比更高，这在获得较大航程数据上比较有利。
从最大起飞重量数据来看，歼-31从早期典型中型机25吨，到后期“丰满”之后提升到28吨，这3吨的重量可以推测很大程度上分配给了内油，根据F-35A的空重13吨，内油8吨的数据推测，歼-31的空重可能小于12吨，考虑到战斗机载荷燃油和武器基本对半的规律，则歼-31的内油也有8吨左右。8吨的内油，虽然比F-35A稍低，但考虑到歼-31比F-35A更高的升阻比，要达到2016年航展上展出2.0版本技术验证机时的1250千米作战半径的数据应无问题。而这一航程/作战半径数据已经与F-35A/C相当，完全不存在比其他舰载机“腿短”的问题。至于比F-35C最大起飞重量还重的重型舰载机，事实上随着中型舰载机最大起飞重量和内油显著增加并向重型机靠拢，且其油耗和阻力低于重型机，两者之间的航程和滞空时间差距已不明显，重型舰载机相对于歼-31这样的新中型机（准重型机），已经没有多少“腿长”的优势。
事实上，相对于目前的纵深作战，无论是美国还是其他国家的航母战斗机，根本上都面临“腿短”的难题，在阿富汗持久自由行动中，从印度洋上起飞的F-14重型舰载战斗机，虽然航程不算短，但面对3000千米以上的纵深打击任务，依旧要依靠加油机来弥补“腿短”的不足。所以无论对于歼-31还是F-35C，在实战中，恐怕都得依靠加油机才能解决航程不足的问题。要解决远航能力，还得依靠下一代更新技术和概念的第六代航空平台——美国海军在刚刚提出的海军六代机项目中，就首当其冲提出了“远航”概念。
歼-31作为中型机，到底管用不管用？
歼-31“腿短”之外的另一个质疑来自于其28吨的最大起飞重量，因为美军的F-35A/C的最大起飞重量达到了31.8吨，比歼-31多出3吨多，这意味着其武器载荷可能比歼-31多出1.5吨左右，歼-31的武器载荷和打击能力略显薄弱。
实际上，必须考虑到一个问题，即歼-31的空重可能比F-35A要轻得多。《兵工科技》曾刊文指出歼-20由于采用先进材料和结构技术，空重控制在15吨级，这些技术完全可以应用在比歼-20要“小一号”的歼-31上，使得歼-31的空重低于12吨，达到11吨级。由于空重显著低于F-35A/C，则歼-31与F-35A/C在载油量和载弹量上的差距其实很小，远达不到某些人所说的2~4吨的水平。而目前歼-31处于技术验证机阶段，它在转入原型机研制阶段，会不会有小的技术调整，导致最大起飞重量略有提升，甚至突破30吨这个门槛，这都存在可能。根据战斗机研制的技术规律，原型机的起飞重量大于技术验证机，是很常见的情况。

巴黎航展上亮相的歼-31模型，从外形来看是“越来越胖”、越来越“丰满”
而对于歼-31的第三个质疑来自于中型机该不该上舰，上舰效能是否远低于重型机这个话题。实际上，随着舰载战斗机近些年来的发展，美国、俄罗斯和法国等都在积极发展中型舰载战斗机。这里指的中型舰载机比如F/A-18C/D/E/F、F-35C、米格-29K/KUB等，虽然名为“中型机”，但实际上最大起飞重量都超过25吨，逐渐向30吨逼近，甚至超过30吨，是名为中型机的“重型机”或“准重型机”。 中型舰载机日益“重型化”，重型舰载战斗机和中型机的分野日益模糊化。考虑到制导弹药和C4ISR技术的不断发展，其作战效能已经超过了上一代舰载战斗机。仅仅依靠载弹量衡量作战能力的老看法已经过时了。
对于歼-31而言，其在2016年珠海航展上就曾展示过其载弹能力，内部弹舱可以挂载6枚空空导弹，载弹量2吨。外部挂载能力为6吨。有一点必须指出，歼-31的定位是制空战斗机。它最初上舰，是希望通过其隐身五代机的空战能力，大大提升航母战斗群的制空/防空作战能力。与美海军目前F-18E/F和F-35C的制海/制空作战组合一样，我们完全可以把歼-15和歼-31看做是类似的组合。无需苛求歼-31拥有重型机的载弹和对海攻击能力。
003航母最多或将能搭载70架以上歼-31
歼-31 17.3米的机长，比歼-20重型战斗机短了3米多，这是中型机在航母上的最重要优势，以003型航母300米的水线长度来推测，其满载排水量超过8万吨，可能超过“小鹰”号常规动力航空母舰，而歼-31由于机长17.3米，翼展11.5米，采用折叠机翼后，占地面积显著小于歼-15。以003远比“辽宁”舰宽大的舰面面积，参照可以搭载81架舰载机（其中包括E-2预警机和直升机）的“小鹰”号航空母舰，可以大胆预计最多或许将能够搭载70架歼-31战斗机。即便考虑到搭载其他机种，歼-31的搭载数量也能达到40~50架。这样数量的歼-31，相比“辽宁”和“山东”舰，数量翻倍，将使得我国航母作战群的制空作战能力有质的提升。

网上流传的歼-31技术验证机最新状态的图片，从图片可以看出，其外形细节的确有新的变化



Sina Military> Contention> Text
After the upgrade of the J 31, the range will be comparable to that of the F35. The 003 aircraft carrier can carry up to 70 aircraft
2020 at 09:56 on September 16 of the military from the media: Ordnance Technology
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　　Source: Ordnance Technology

The J-31 is a medium-sized fifth-generation aircraft technology verification project initiated by the Aviation Industry Group. Aviation Industry Corporation and Shen Fei/Shen Fei Institute have adopted "one aircraft with multiple models" as the core concept of the project from the beginning. Covers carrier-based fighter models. From the perspective of several years after the first flight, Shen Fei Institute/Shen Fei has continuously promoted the J-31 technical verification aircraft project in the continuous scientific research and research, and the continuous investment in new technologies has made the J-31 project aerodynamic design, The overall layout, avionics technology and other aspects are continuously optimized and upgraded. According to the public plan of the Aviation Industry Corporation, the new generation of carrier-based fighter jets will fly for the first time in 2021. Maturity is the right time.

　　J-31 new issue or in place

Judging from the latest flight test pictures of the J-31, the tail flame injected under the afterburner state of the engine is significantly different from the previous J-31, which may indicate that the J-31 technical verification aircraft has been replaced with a new one. Engine-This is the WS-13E medium thrust turbofan engine. Compared with the earlier Russian-made RD-93 engine, WS-13 has higher reliability, lower fuel consumption, and slightly improved technical performance. For the J-31, the early use of the domestic engine WS-13E is conducive to its mass production. And if you want to give full play to the design performance of the J-31, I am afraid you have to wait for the new generation of domestically produced medium thrust engine WS-19.

　　 Is J-31 "short legs"?

At present, the outside world has quite a lot of doubts about the J-31. The first thing that bears the brunt is that as a medium-sized aircraft, it does not have an advantage in range and combat radius. If it is to board a ship, this will be a big shortcoming and will shorten the control of aircraft carrier aviation operations. Scope, weaken the air/air defense capabilities of the aircraft carrier battle group.

　　 J-31 2.0 technology demonstrator, from the perspective of the aerodynamic shape design and fuselage design, the changes are very obvious

　　 From a technical point of view, this statement is actually untenable. As a medium-sized aircraft, the J-31 has gone through the 1.0 and 2.0 eras, with program improvements and technological updates. It has developed from a relatively thin body in the early days to a more "full body" now, indicating that it has "overweighted" its internal oil design and attaches great importance to the J-31. Voyage indicators. If compared with the F-35A, which is close in size and similar in aerodynamic layout, the J-31 is slimmer than the "full" F-35A, and its infiltration area is significantly smaller than that of the F-35A. Considering that the J-31 is longer than the F-35A The 35A is nearly 2 meters long, which means that the slenderness ratio of the J-31 is significantly larger than that of the F-35A. Both the slenderness ratio and the infiltration area data indicate that the lift-to-drag ratio of the J-31 is higher than that of the F-35A. , The resistance in flight is much smaller. On the one hand, the double mid-thruster used by the J-31 is inferior to the F-35A’s F135 engine in terms of thrust data. On the other hand, it also shows that the lift-to-drag ratio of the J-31 Higher, which is more advantageous in obtaining larger voyage data.

Judging from the maximum take-off weight data, the J-31 went from a typical medium-sized aircraft of 25 tons in the early period to 28 tons after being "full" in the later period. It can be speculated that the weight of this 3 tons is largely allocated to the internal oil. According to the F- The 35A has an empty weight of 13 tons and an internal fuel of 8 tons. The data speculates that the empty weight of the J-31 may be less than 12 tons. Taking into account the law of the fighter’s load fuel and weapons being basically half-half, the J-31’s internal fuel is also about 8 tons. . 8 tons of internal fuel, although slightly lower than the F-35A, but considering the higher lift-to-drag ratio of the J-31 than the F-35A, it must reach the 1,250 kilometers when the 2.0 version of the technical verification aircraft was exhibited at the 2016 air show. The data of the combat radius should be no problem. And this range/combat radius data is already comparable to F-35A/C, and there is no problem of "shorter legs" than other carrier-based aircraft. As for the heavy-duty carrier-based aircraft that is heavier than the F-35C's maximum take-off weight, in fact, as the maximum take-off weight and internal fuel of the medium-sized carrier-based aircraft have increased significantly, it has moved closer to the heavy aircraft, and its fuel consumption and resistance are lower than that of the heavy aircraft. The gap between the voyage and the time spent in the air is no longer obvious. Compared with the new medium-sized aircraft (quasi-heavy aircraft) like the J-31, the heavy-duty carrier-based aircraft does not have much "leg length" advantage.

In fact, compared with the current in-depth combat, aircraft carrier fighters from the United States and other countries are fundamentally facing the problem of "short legs". In Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan, the F-14 heavy carrier fighter took off from the Indian Ocean. Although the voyage is not short, it still has to rely on tankers to make up for the lack of "short legs" in the face of a deep strike mission of more than 3,000 kilometers. Therefore, whether for the J-31 or the F-35C, in actual combat, I am afraid that they have to rely on tankers to solve the problem of insufficient range. To solve the long-distance capability, we have to rely on the next-generation sixth-generation aviation platform with updated technology and concepts. The US Navy bears the brunt of the "long-distance" concept in the Navy's sixth-generation aircraft project just proposed.

　　J-31 as a medium-sized machine, does it work or not?

Another question besides the "short legs" of the J-31 comes from its maximum take-off weight of 28 tons, because the U.S. F-35A/C has a maximum take-off weight of 31.8 tons, which is more than 3 tons more than the J-31. This means that its weapon load may be about 1.5 tons more than that of the J-31, and the J-31’s weapon load and strike capability are slightly weaker.

　　 In fact, one issue must be considered, that is, the empty weight of the J-31 may be much lighter than the F-35A. "Ordnance Science and Technology" once pointed out that due to the use of advanced materials and structural technology, the empty weight of the J-20 is controlled at 15 tons. These technologies can be applied to the J-31, which is "one size smaller" than the J-20. The empty weight of the J-31 is lower than 12 tons, reaching the 11-ton class. Since the empty weight is significantly lower than that of F-35A/C, the difference in fuel capacity and ammunition capacity between F-31 and F-35A/C is actually very small, far less than what some people say 2~4. Tons of levels. At present, the J-31 is in the stage of technical verification aircraft. When it is transferred to the prototype development stage, will there be minor technical adjustments that will lead to a slight increase in the maximum take-off weight, or even exceed the threshold of 30 tons, this is possible. According to the technical rules of fighter development, it is very common that the take-off weight of the prototype aircraft is greater than that of the technical verification aircraft.

　　 The J-31 model that was unveiled at the Paris Air Show is "more and more fatter" and "fuller" in terms of appearance.

　　 The third question about the J-31 comes from the topic of whether the medium-sized aircraft should be boarded and whether the boarding efficiency is much lower than that of the heavy-duty aircraft. In fact, with the development of carrier-based fighters in recent years, the United States, Russia, and France are all actively developing medium-sized carrier-based fighters. The medium-sized carrier-based aircraft referred to here, such as F/A-18C/D/E/F, F-35C, MiG-29K/KUB, etc., although they are called "medium-sized aircraft", the actual maximum take-off weight exceeds 25 tons. , Gradually approaching 30 tons, or even more than 30 tons, is a "heavy machine" or "quasi-heavy machine" called a medium-sized machine. Medium-sized carrier-based aircraft have become increasingly "heavy", and the division between heavy-duty carrier-based fighters and medium-sized aircraft has become increasingly blurred. Taking into account the continuous development of guided munitions and C4ISR technology, its combat effectiveness has exceeded the previous generation of carrier-based fighters. The old view of only relying on ammunition load to measure combat capability is outdated.

　　 For the J-31, its bomb carrying capability was demonstrated at the 2016 Zhuhai Air Show. The internal bomb bay can carry 6 air-to-air missiles with a load of 2 tons. The external mounting capacity is 6 tons. It must be pointed out that the J-31 is positioned as an air superiority fighter. It was originally launched on the ship, hoping to greatly enhance the air/air defense combat capabilities of the carrier battle group through the air combat capability of its stealth fifth-generation aircraft. Like the US Navy’s current F-18E/F and F-35C sea/air combat combination, we can completely regard the J-15 and J-31 as a similar combination. There is no need to demand that the J-31 has the ammunition and sea attack capabilities of a heavy aircraft.

　　003 aircraft carrier will be able to carry more than 70 J-31

The length of the J-31 17.3 meters is more than 3 meters shorter than that of the J-20 heavy fighter. This is the most important advantage of the medium-sized aircraft on the aircraft carrier. Based on the 300-meter waterline length of the 003 aircraft carrier, the full-load displacement exceeds 80,000 tons, which may exceed the conventionally powered aircraft carrier "Kitty Hawk", while the J-31 has a length of 17.3 meters and a wingspan of 11.5 meters. With folding wings, the area is significantly smaller than that of the J-15. With the surface area of 003 much larger than that of the "Liaoning" ship, referring to the "Kitty Hawk" aircraft carrier that can carry 81 carrier-based aircraft (including E-2 early warning aircraft and helicopters), we can boldly predict that it will be able to carry up to 70 aircraft. J-31 fighter. Even taking into account other aircraft types, the number of J-31s can reach 40-50. Compared with the "Liaoning" and "Shandong" ships, this number of J-31s doubled in number, which will qualitatively improve the air superiority combat capabilities of my country's aircraft carrier combat group.

　　 Pictures of the latest state of the J-31 technical verification machine circulated on the Internet. From the pictures, it can be seen that there are indeed new changes in the appearance details

 

[tanwahtiu]

Sooner many countries big or small, will have owned a Chinese carrier, fully loaded with fighter planes, and a military island airbase in their territory sea.

Buy as a package deal.

By then US is finished their enemies will formed allies to bomb/ invade US... Revenge time.