Chinese Pyramid of 4000 years, not yet opened to public, found since 2016

[tun_dr_m]

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencet...y-230ft-pyramid-pits-filled-SKULLS-China.html


Remains of 4,000-year-old lost city with 230ft pyramid and pits filled with SKULLS found in China
Remains of 4,000-year-old lost city with 230-foot-tall pyramid and pits filled with human SKULLS from mass sacrifices discovered in China

• Archaeologists discovered massive stepped pyramid that stood at least 230ft
• Pyramid was defended by two huge wall, with whole city spanning 988 acres
• Researchers also found several pits filled with human skulls from mass sacrifice
• The discovery could reshape our understanding of early Chinese civilization

By Cheyenne Macdonald For Dailymail.com
Published: 23:44 BST, 24 August 2018 | Updated: 23:55 BST, 24 August 2018

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Archaeologists have discovered the remains of a lost city in China that thrived more than 4,000 years ago.
On a ridge above China’s Tuwei River, researchers found a massive stepped pyramid that once served as a palace center, along with defensive stone walls, tool-making debris, and several pits filled with sacrificial human skulls.
The Bronze Age discoveries challenge our understanding of early Chinese civilization and settlement, suggesting the loess highland was home to a complex society long before the traditionally assumed ‘centers’ emerged in the Central Plains.

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Archaeologists have discovered the remains of a lost city in China that thrived more than 4,000 years ago. The pyramid was build out of a loess hill, with 11 massive steps tapering as they ascend, as shown above
The ancient city dubbed Shimao was home to a pyramid that stood at least 230 feet tall (70 meters), and was guarded by a huge inner and outer wall.
Thousands of years ago when it flourished, from about 2300 BC to 1800 BC, the city spanned about 988 acres.
The pyramid was build out of a loess hill, with 11 massive steps tapering as they ascend, the researchers write in a paper published to the journal Antiquity.
Beyond the entrance, they found a ‘large open plaza where rituals and political gatherings may have been held.’
According to the researchers, palaces were built atop the huge pyramid out of rammed earth with wooden pillars and roofing tiles.
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The ancient city dubbed Shimao was home to a pyramid that stood at least 230 feet tall (70 meters), and was guarded by a huge inner and outer wall. Thousands of years ago when it flourished, from about 2300 BC to 1800 BC, the city spanned about 988 acres

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On a ridge above China’s Tuwei River, researcher found a massive stepped pyramid that once served as a palace center, along with defensive stone walls, tool-making debris, and a pit filled with sacrificial human skulls
It’s thought that the ruling elites lived atop the pyramid complex, which was likely also the site of artisanal or industrial craft production.
Eyes and anthropomorphic stone faces were found carved into the façade of the pyramid.
‘With its imposing height of at least 70 m, the pyramid could be seen from everywhere within the settlement, from the suburbs and even the rural fringes.
‘Thus it could well have provided a constant and overwhelming reminder to the Shimao population of the power of the ruling elites residing atop it – a concrete example of the ‘social pyramid.’

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It’s thought that the ruling elites lived atop the pyramid complex, which was likely also the site of artisanal or industrial craft production
Researchers say mass sacrifices were also commonplace at Shimao, with six pits containing decapitated human heads discovered at the site on the outer rampart alone.
Human remains and jade objects associated with sacrifice were found at other Shimao monuments, as well.
‘The jade objects and human sacrifice may have imbued the very walls of Shimao with ritual and religious potency, amplifying its significance as a monumental center, enhancing the protective efficacy of the walls and making this a place of power in every sense,’ the authors wrote.

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Beyond the entrance, they found a ‘large open plaza where rituals and political gatherings may have been held.’ According to the researchers, palaces were built atop the huge pyramid out of rammed earth with wooden pillars and roofing tiles
WHAT HAVE RESEARCHERS FOUND AT THE SHIMAO RUINS?

The Shimao Ruins is the site of a neolithic stone city in the northern province of Shaanxi, China.
The site was first discovered in 1976 when archaeologists thought it was a small town, but more of the city has since been recovered.
Measuring 4 square kilometres, it is the largest of its kind in Neolithic China, China.org reported.
They believe it had ‘magnificent’ stone walls for inner and outer structures.
Experts have also discovered large quantities of precious carved jade, which indicate it was a wealthy and important city at the time.
Archaeologists have also found a mural at the site, which they think could be among the oldest in China at around 4,000 years old


Notably, the researchers say the discoveries are indicative of Shimao’s status as carefully constructed civilization.
‘This research reveals that by 2000 BC, the loess highland was home to a complex society representing the political and economic heartland,’ the authors wrote.
‘Significantly, it was found that Later Bronze Age core symbols associated with Central plains civilization were, in fact, created much earlier at Shimao.’

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The Bronze Age discoveries challenge our understanding of early Chinese civilization and settlement, suggesting the loess highland was home to a complex society long before the traditionally assumed ‘centers’ emerged in the Central Plains


Read more:

• Chinese scientists identify largest neolithic city - China.org.cn
• When peripheries were centres: a preliminary study of the Shimao-centred polity in the loess highland, China | Antiquity | Cambridge Core

 

[tun_dr_m]

https://gbtimes.com/mystery-behind-chinas-giant-pyramid-hills


The mystery behind China’s giant pyramid hills
by Geni Raitisoja Aug 09, 2016 12:29 DYNASTY WESTERN HAN DYNASTY

There are almost 100 so-called 'pyramids' located across the Qin Chuan Plains in Shaanxi Province, located in northwest China. tjhx0526/360doc.com

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The mystery of China’s giant pyramid hills in Shaanxi Province has intrigued archaeologists, historians and UFO conspiracy theorists ever since their existence was first documented in 1945.


The mystery behind China’s giant pyramid hills has intrigued archaeologists, historians and UFO conspiracy theorists ever since their existence was first documented in 1945 by a US Air Force pilot named James Gaussman.

During a flight between China and India, the American pilot reported seeing a gigantic white-topped pyramid in a level valley after banking to avoid a mountain. He described it as looking like something out of a fairy tale.

“It was pure white on all sides. The remarkable thing was the capstone, a huge piece of jewel-like material that could have been crystal. There was no way we could have landed, although we wanted to. We were struck by the immensity of the thing,” recalled Gaussman, according to Walter Hain’s article “Pyramids in China”.

In March 1947, the New York Times published an interview with Colonel Maurice Sheahan, the Far Eastern director of Trans World Airlines, who stated that he had seen a gigantic pyramid 65 kilometres southwest of Xi’an, the capital of Shaanxi Province located in northwest China. A couple of days later, the same newspaper published a photo (see below), which was later attributed to Gaussman.

Above: James Gaussman's 1945 photo of the 'White Pyramid'.
The White Pyramid
Over the years, there have been subsequent reports of almost 100 other pyramids located across the Qin Chuan Plains in Shaanxi Province and most are located within 100 kilometres of Xi’an.
At first, information about these pyramids was hard to come by, since most were located inside so-called "forbidden zones". With the opening up of China, these areas became accessible to tourists and foreign travellers.

In 1994, Hartwig Hausdorf, a German travel agent and author, wrote a book called Die Weisse Pyramide (The White Pyramid). The book contained photographs of pyramid-like mounds that proved once and for all that China indeed has pyramids.

In his 2009 article, author Hain writes that from the ground these pyramidal mounds look more like hills, making it hard for people to associate them with pyramids. Hain, whose interests include the study of ancient structures, used modern technology to pinpoint the exact location of the pyramids.

“I used Google Earth to search over China. I looked at the coordinates that were mentioned in a book by [New Zealand author] Bruce Cathie. The view from the satellite showed these pyramids quite clearly.”

Above: Location of the ‘White Pyramid’ is also known as the Maoling Mausoleum 1, the final resting place of Emperor Wu Di, the fifth ruler of the Western Han Dynasty.
No extra-terrestrial explanations
There’s no need to look for extra-terrestrial explanations to understand the Chinese pyramids because they were built for the same reason as the Great Pyramids of Egypt: as a final resting place for rulers.
Experts have confirmed that the White Pyramid is the burial mound of Emperor Wu Di (156-87 BCE), the fifth ruler of the Western Han Dynasty. The mausoleum is the biggest of five burial mounds in the city of Xianyang, which used to be known as Wulingyuan, meaning the ‘garden complex of five tombs’.

During the Western Han Dynasty, the construction of a mausoleum for the emperor could begin in the second year of his reign, with a third of the annual revenue allocated to the building of this tomb. It took 53 years to be completed.

According to China.org, these grave sites were “marked by earth mounds packed into square shapes with level tops.” Because of their square shape, they were called fangshang.

The biggest pyramid is 46.5 metres high and 240 meters long at the base, while the top section measures 39.5 metres by 35.5 metres. Incidentally, ‘Maoling’ is also the name of one of the Ming Dynasty Tombs found near Beijing, so don’t confuse the two.

Today the Maoling Mausoleum is a popular tourist destination that also has a museum dedicated to the Western Han Dynasty period, boasting more than 4,000 excavated treasures and cultural relics.

 

[tun_dr_m]

http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2018-08-29/doc-ihiixyeu0763509.shtml

英媒：中国发现4000年前失落城市 含巨型金字塔




2018年08月29日 00:15 参考消息



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原标题：英媒：中国发现4000年前失落城市 遗址含巨型金字塔
参考消息网8月29日报道 英媒称，中国发现有4000年历史的失落古城遗址，拥有230英尺（约合70.1米）高的金字塔和填满人类头骨的葬坑。
据英国《每日邮报》网站8月24日报道，考古学家们在中国发现了一处失落城市的遗址，该城市在大约4000多年前有过繁荣的时光。
报道称，在中国西北俯瞰秃尾河的一处山脊上，研究人员发现了一座曾作为中央宫殿的巨型阶梯金字塔，以及防御石墙、制作工具的碎片和多处布满了殉葬用的人头骨的葬坑。
报道还称，这些关于铜器时代的考古发现将挑战人们对于早期中华文明和定居历史的了解，表明在中原地区出现传统上认为的中华文明“中心”很久之前的时候，黄土高原就已经存在一个复杂的社会结构。
报道指出，这个被称为“石峁”的古城曾经有一座高度至少为230英尺的金字塔，并得到巨大内外城的拱卫。在几千年前即大约公元前2300年至1800年该城市的繁荣时期，它曾经涵盖988英亩的面积。研究人员在学术期刊《文物》季刊上发表论文称，该城市中的金字塔建在一座黄土山头上，拥有11级拾级而上的巨大台阶。在城门的外面，他们发现了一个“巨大的开放式广场，可能是举行宗教仪式和政治集会的地方”。
据研究人员称，宫殿是用夯实的泥土建立在巨型金字塔顶上的，并采用了木质的廊柱和屋面瓦。据认为，当时的统治精英居住在金字塔建筑群内，那里很可能也是手工业生产的场所。在金字塔的表面发现刻有眼睛和人脸图案。
论文称：“由于该金字塔的高度至少有70米，因此在这个定居区域的每个地方——包括郊区甚至偏远的农村地区——都可以看到它。所以它很可能是在持续和不可抵抗地提醒石峁古城的民众不要忘记居住在顶部的统治精英的权威，这是有关‘社会金字塔’的一个活生生的范例。”
研究人员称，在石峁古城，群体献祭的做法也是司空见惯的——仅在外围防御城墙的旧址上就发现了6处填满被砍下的人头的葬坑。在石峁古城的其他遗址中还发现与献祭有关的人类遗骸和玉器。论文作者们写道：“玉器和献祭人员可能通过宗教仪式被填塞在石峁古城的城墙内，以强化其作为庄严的权力中心的意义，增强城墙的御敌功效，并使之成为完全意义上的权力场所。”
报道称，值得一提的是，研究人员称这些考古发现表明石峁古城曾拥有精心构建的文明。论文的作者们写道：“这项研究揭示，到公元前2000年的时候，黄土高原曾出现了代表政治和经济中心地带的复杂社会形态。重要的是，研究发现与中原文明有关的铜器时代后期的核心标志事实上很早之前就在石峁古城形成了。” （编译/曹卫国）

责任编辑：张义凌



British media: China found the lost city with a giant pyramid 4,000 years ago
00:15 Reference Message on August 29, 2018


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Original title: British media: China discovered the lost city ruins with a giant pyramid 4,000 years ago
According to the news network on August 29, the British media said that China has discovered a 4,000-year-old lost ancient city site, with 230 feet (70.1 meters) high pyramids and burial pits filled with human skulls.
According to the British "Daily Mail" website reported on August 24, archaeologists have discovered the site of a lost city in China, which had a prosperous time about 4,000 years ago.
The report said that on a ridge overlooking the Tuwei River in northwestern China, the researchers discovered a giant stepped pyramid that used to be a central palace, as well as defensive stone walls, fragments of making tools, and a number of human skulls filled with funerals. Burial pit.
The report also said that these archaeological discoveries about the Bronze Age will challenge people's understanding of the early Chinese civilization and settlement history, indicating that a long time ago in the Central Plains, the "center" of the traditional Chinese civilization, the Loess Plateau already existed. Complex social structure.
The report pointed out that this ancient city called "Ishigaki" once had a pyramid with a height of at least 230 feet and was guarded by a huge inner and outer city. It was once covered by 988 acres in the prosperous period of the city about two thousand years ago, about 2300 to 1800 BC. Researchers published a paper in the academic journal "Relics" quarterly, saying that the pyramid in the city was built on a loess hill and has a huge step of 11 levels. Outside the gates, they found a “huge open square, possibly a place for religious ceremonies and political gatherings”.
According to the researchers, the palace was built on the top of a giant pyramid with sturdy soil and used wooden columns and roof tiles. It is believed that the ruling elite at that time lived in the pyramid complex, which is likely to be a place for handicraft production. Eyes and face patterns are found on the surface of the pyramid.
According to the paper: “Because the height of the pyramid is at least 70 meters, it can be seen in every part of the settlement, including the suburbs and even remote rural areas. So it is likely to be continuous and irresistible. The people of Shijie Ancient City are reminded not to forget the authority of the ruling elite living at the top. This is a living example of the 'social pyramid'."
Researchers say that in the ancient city of Shijie, group sacrifices are commonplace—only six burial pits filled with cut heads were found on the site of the perimeter defense wall. Human remains and jade articles related to sacrifices were also found in other sites in the ancient city of Shijie. The authors of the paper wrote: “Jade vessels and sacrificial personnel may be filled in the walls of the ancient city of Shijie through religious rituals to strengthen their significance as a solemn power center, enhance the effectiveness of the city’s enemies, and make it a complete meaning. The place of power on."
According to the report, it is worth mentioning that the researchers said that these archaeological findings indicate that the ancient city of Shijie had a well-constructed civilization. The authors of the paper wrote: "This study reveals that by the year 2000 BC, the Loess Plateau had a complex social form that represented the political and economic center. What is important is that the study found bronzes related to the original text. The core mark of the late period was actually formed in the ancient city of Shijie long ago." (Compile / Cao Weiguo)

 

[JustLikeThis]

I am also curious why they don't venture into the Qin Emperor's tomb for many years.