Chinese state news agency: China can never run out of ways to FIX USA DEAD. Plenty Ways for our free choices!
http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2019-08/24/c_1124915702.htm
中国工具篮里都是反制美方的实锤，货真价实背后还有三大信号
2019-08-24 10:17:26 来源： 澎湃新闻
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8月23日晚，中方正式宣布反制措施——意料之中！全球瞩目！
经国务院批准，国务院关税税则委员会23日晚连发两个公告，决定对原产于美国的5078个税目、约750亿美元商品加征10%、5%不等关税，分两批自2019年9月1日12时01分、12月15日12时01分起实施。此外，自2019年12月15日12时01分起，对原产于美国的汽车及零部件恢复加征25%、5%关税。
第一时间，专家对反制举措进行了评析：坚决反制，精准有力。中国社科院世界经济与政治研究所研究员高凌云介绍说，我国出台对美关税反制举措体现出三个“充分考虑到”，即充分考虑到反制的效果、充分考虑到加征关税后的可替代性问题、充分考虑到对于人民生活和产业升级的影响。
“可以说，我国的反制举措既有力度，又有温度。”高凌云说，这既是应对美方单边主义、贸易保护主义的被迫之举，也是维护国家利益，保护企业和人民利益的有力之举。
23日深夜至24日凌晨，中央主要媒体陆续发出评论文章。有力，理性，克制，精准，周全，是这些评论里的关键词。
新华时评发文《坚决反制贸易霸凌 捍卫中方合法权益》，文章说到，继今年5月之后，美方日前正式宣布将分两批对约3000亿美元自华进口商品加征10%关税，这一行径违反了世界贸易组织规则，更背离了两国元首阿根廷会晤共识和大阪会晤共识，严重侵犯我国合法权益。中方此番采取反制措施，是应对美方单边主义、贸易保护主义的被迫之举，更是坚决捍卫国家和人民利益的有力反击。
文章进一步分析称，此次中方反制精准有力。细看中方税目清单，9月1日实施的清单内容主要包括大豆以及首次纳入的原油等产品，12月15日实施的清单内容包括玉米、棉花、水产品、汽车及零部件等产品，精准选取彰显中方坚定立场。另外，此次中方反制统筹内外、考量周全。为尽可能减少对我国国内生产、人民生活需要的影响，中方对关系人民健康、需要进口的药品和医疗器材仍不加征关税，并积极扩大对外开放，通过自主降低关税，增加自其他国家产品进口，力争把措施对我国国内生产生活的影响降到最低。同时，相关排除工作也同步推进，帮助企业增强发展信心。
总台国际锐评发出《用理性克制实施精准反制》，文章说，中方进行反制，合理且正当，这也再次用实际行动表明：任何极限施压对中国都没用，中国反制说到做到。
对贸易战，中方多次表明态度：不愿打、不怕打、必要时不得不打。此次坚决反制，表明中方这一态度始终没有改变。对于中美经贸分歧，中方愿意采取合作的方式加以解决，但在重大原则问题上绝不让步，对关税施压坚决奉陪到底，美方不要对此再有任何误判！
环球时报发表社评《中国的工具篮里都是反制美方的实锤》，文章说，中国从不主动升级中美贸易战，但当美方增加对华极限施压的新砝码时，中国一定会回敬以必要的措施，让美方蒙受相应的损失。中国这一“规定动作”的发生十分准时，而且货真价实。
中国的工具篮子装的可不是一些口号，它们每一样都关系到美方的切实利益。那么，美国本土市场的反应如何？
在中方反制措施出台后仅两小时，白宫贸易顾问纳瓦罗即表态，称中方反制关税规模“不是股市应当担心的”。但事实上，美国三大股指开盘后均应声下跌，道指跌0.48%，纳指跌0.55%，标普500指数跌0.46%。石油股、汽车股集体下跌，埃克森美孚跌1%，雪佛龙1.1%；特斯拉跌1.16%，通用汽车跌1.36%，福特汽车跌2%，这恰恰说明市场对中美经贸摩擦升级的担忧。
贸易战没有赢家，这一道理随着时间的推进在中美民间体会更深刻。就在今年6月中旬，江苏省苏州市一家美国独资企业因6月1日加征关税措施生效，不得不为一批到岸货物多缴纳30万美元关税；而在美国明尼苏达州，当地农场主联合会主席加里·沃蒂什近日对媒体抱怨，美国政府动用关税的做法，对美农场主和农村地区造成了“毁灭性”影响。
事实上，美方将约3000亿美元商品中的部分推迟加税，已经说明其受到了前两轮加税措施的反噬，而且和前期2500亿美元清单产品相比，美方对即将加税的约3000亿美元中国进口商品依赖性更强，一旦实施更多将由美国生产者、消费者埋单，是典型的损人不利己。
从中方的坚决反制，到美国市场的应声下跌，综合过往，我们究竟应该如何看待这一轮的中方反制？
从2018年4月4日到今天，针对美方301措施的关税反制，国务院关税税则委员会一共发布了三轮共7条公告。23日发布的对750亿美元进口商品采取措施，就是开启了第三轮反制。
与以往历次相比，这次措施的出台，仍然透露出三大信号：
其一：斗争的坚决性更为明显
一是时间点上，美方正式公布新一轮加税措施刚刚一周（考虑到时差），中方的措施就出台了，可见中方早已准备了不止一种预案——美方不再折腾，我们也不必动用新措施；美方再出幺蛾子，我们也不会没对策。
二是加征关税的商品列出了清单一清单二，分别对应美方8月15日出台的AB清单，生效日期也是分别定在了9月1日和12月15日，时间则都是12时01分，再次体现出“决不打第一枪”、但是该打时也决不手软的态度。
三是此次有两个公告一同发布，除了列出新清单，还恢复了一度暂停的对原产于美国的汽车及零部件加征的关税。从现在起，到12月15日，还有一百来天时间，如果在这期间美方能够返回理性解决问题的正途，也许，美国的汽车及零部件生产者和出口商，还能少些损失。
其二，更为注重斗争的策略性
一是继续升级“打豆豆”。去年8月23日，税委会公布的对美国输华商品加征关税清单里，税则号12019010的大豆，在被加征25%关税之后，因为美国豆农的怨声载道、大豆市场行情的一再低迷、对中国加大采购呼声高涨等原因，成为众所周知的关税“网红”。然而，在税委会公布的新清单（清单一）里，你会再次发现这个熟悉的身影，这一次，是再加5%。所以，来自美国的“网红”商品“黄大豆”，自9月1日起（附件1的生效时间），将面临30%的关税（清单一中的税则号是12019000）。
二是能源产品首次列入清单。细看清单，还会发现原油赫然在列——税则号27090000，清单一的第四部分，也就是说，将自9月1日起加征5%关税。
能源商品加税，再加上汽车及零部件恢复征税，对于一向倚重能源出口、号称“车轮上的国家”的美国来说，打击力度还是有份量的。
三是打击面更广。与之前的清单相比，本轮列表中的商品价值约750亿美元，几乎涵盖了美国出口的各行各业。但是，这与美国列出的中国输美商品涵盖各种生活用品的效果是不一样的——受美国人工成本高启、产业链中低端环节缺失、价廉物美的中国商品可替代选择少等原因影响，加征中国进口日用品关税，美国的消费者将成为买单者；但是在中国，无论是电商平台刚刚发布的亮眼的半年财报（逼近去年全年的傲人成绩），还是不断兴起的“国货运动”，连外媒都发现，贸易战环境下，更多中国人转向了国产商品，这甚至不排除成为更多国产品牌崛起的契机。
其三，趋利避害，实事求是
一，无论是清单一还是清单二，阶梯式税率都是个明显的特点。既要形成打击对方的效果，又要尽可能降低自己的损失。
二，加税商品虽然多，但是都有替代方案。无论是采购南美的大豆，还是加大从欧洲、日本的汽车及零部件进口，以及国内对猪饲料的配方改良，增加种植的大豆，一系列应对措施，早已有条不紊地展开。
由上不难看出，中方在应对美方的贸易战升级方面，已经有了越来越多的经验和越来越灵活务实的手段。概况起来，第三轮反制是一次有理有利有节的被迫反制。如果美方一些人感受到冒犯的话，那不过是不习惯“平等和相互尊重”而产生的副作用。
从去年到现在，无论是税委会的公告，还是中方相关部门的表态，用得比较多的一个词是“针对”。这个词，体现了一种因果关系——美方对中方采取什么样的行动，就会收获什么样的结果。
最后，我们还想说两点：
第一，即便是目前这种情况，接下来的走势仍然存在多种可能。
国社的消息稿里，也将这种前景讲得很清楚：中方采取加征关税措施，是应对美方单边主义、贸易保护主义的被迫之举。中方再次重申，对于中美两国，合作是唯一正确的选择，共赢才能通向更好的未来。希望中美双方以相互尊重、相互平等和言而有信、言行一致为前提，以双方都能接受的方式解决分歧，积极构建平衡、包容、共赢的中美经贸新秩序，共同维护并推动改革完善多边贸易体制，促进与世界上其他国家的互利共赢合作。
第二，一年多来，无惧外部环境变化，无论中国企业还是民众，面对中美经贸摩擦的心态越来越成熟，越来越淡定。面对不确定性，办好自己的事情就是最好的应对，于企业如此，于国家亦然。走过70年辉煌岁月的新中国，芳华正好，任何力量都阻挡不了前进的脚步。（记者 方晓）
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China's tool baskets are all counter-productive American hammers. There are three major signals behind the real price.
2019-08-24 10:17:26 Source: 澎湃News
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On the evening of August 23, the Chinese officially announced the countermeasures - expected! Global attention!
With the approval of the State Council, the State Council Customs Tariff Commission issued two announcements on the evening of the 23rd, deciding to impose 10% and 5% tariffs on 5078 tax items originating in the United States and about 75 billion US dollars, divided into two batches from 2019. It will be implemented at 12:01 on September 1 and at 12:01 on December 15. In addition, since 12:01 on December 15, 2019, 25% and 5% tariffs will be imposed on vehicles and parts originating in the United States.
In the first time, experts commented on counter-measures: resolutely counter-productive, precise and powerful. Gao Lingyun, a researcher at the Institute of World Economics and Politics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that China’s introduction of tariff counter-measures against the United States reflects three “full considerations”, that is, fully taking into account the effects of counter-measures and fully considering the tariffs. Alternative issues, fully taking into account the impact on people's lives and industrial upgrading.
"It can be said that China's counter-measures have both strength and temperature." Gao Lingyun said that this is both a forced move to deal with US unilateralism and trade protectionism, and a powerful force to safeguard national interests and protect the interests of enterprises and people. Act of.
Late in the night of the 23rd to the early morning of the 24th, the central media continued to issue comments. Powerful, rational, restrained, precise, and thoughtful, these are the key words in these comments.
Xinhua commented on the article "Resolutely countering trade and bullying to defend the legitimate rights and interests of the Chinese side". The article said that after May this year, the US officially announced that it will impose a 10% tariff on imports of about 300 billion US dollars from China in two batches. The line violated the rules of the World Trade Organization, and further deviated from the consensus of the two heads of state of Argentina and the consensus of the Osaka meeting, which seriously violated the legitimate rights and interests of China. The Chinese side’s counter-measures this time are a forced move to deal with the US unilateralism and trade protectionism, and it is a powerful counterattack to firmly defend the interests of the country and the people.
The article further analyzes that the Chinese counter-measure is accurate and powerful. Looking at the list of Chinese tax items, the list of contents implemented on September 1 mainly includes soybeans and products such as crude oil that were first included. The list implemented on December 15 includes corn, cotton, aquatic products, automobiles and parts, etc. Highlight China's firm stance. In addition, the Chinese counter-system has been co-ordinated internally and externally. In order to minimize the impact on China's domestic production and people's living needs, the Chinese side still does not impose tariffs on drugs and medical equipment that are related to people's health and need to be imported, and actively expands its opening to the outside world. By reducing tariffs independently, it increases products from other countries. Import, and strive to minimize the impact of measures on China's domestic production and life. At the same time, related exclusion work has also been promoted simultaneously to help enterprises enhance their development confidence.
The Taiwan International Sharp Review issued the "Precision Countermeasure with Rational Restraint". The article said that the Chinese side is counter-productive, reasonable and justified. This again shows with practical actions that any extreme pressure is useless to China, and China counter-measures To do it.
For the trade war, the Chinese side has repeatedly stated its attitude: it is unwilling to fight, not afraid to fight, and has to fight if necessary. This resolute counter-measure shows that China’s attitude has not changed. Regarding the Sino-US economic and trade differences, China is willing to adopt a cooperative approach to resolve it. However, we will never give in on major issues of principle. We will resolutely put pressure on tariffs and the United States will not make any misjudgment!
The Global Times published a social commentary, "China's tool baskets are all counter-measured by the US." The article said that China has never actively upgraded Sino-US trade wars, but when the US increases its new weight on China's limits, China must Will retaliate with the necessary measures to let the US suffer the corresponding losses. The occurrence of this "specified action" in China is very punctual and genuine.
China's tool baskets are not some slogans, they are all related to the tangible interests of the United States. So, how is the reaction in the US domestic market?
Only two hours after the introduction of the Chinese counter-measures, the White House trade adviser Navarro expressed his position that the scale of China's counter-trade tariffs "is not the stock market should be worried." But in fact, the three major US stock indexes fell after the opening, the Dow fell 0.48%, the Nasdaq fell 0.55%, the S&P 500 index fell 0.46%. Oil stocks and auto stocks fell collectively, Exxon Mobil fell 1%, Chevron 1.1%; Tesla fell 1.16%, General Motors fell 1.36%, and Ford fell 2%, which just shows the market's trade friction with China and the United States Worry about the upgrade.
There is no winner in the trade war, and this principle has become more profound in the Chinese and American civil society as time progresses. Just in mid-June this year, a US-owned company in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, had to pay more than $300,000 for a batch of onshore goods because of the entry into force on June 1. The local farmers in Minnesota, USA. Federation President Gary Wortish recently complained to the media that the US government’s use of tariffs has had a “destructive” impact on US farmers and rural areas.
In fact, the US side has postponed tax increases on some of the approximately $300 billion in goods, which has already indicated that it has been countered by the previous two rounds of tax increases, and compared with the previous $250 billion list of products, the US is about 3000 tax increases. The US$100 million dependence on Chinese imports is stronger. Once more is implemented, it will be paid for by US producers and consumers.
From the resolute counter-measure of the Chinese side, to the decline of the response to the US market, and in the past, how should we view this round of Chinese counter-measure?
From April 4, 2018 to today, in response to the tariff counter-measure of the US 301 measures, the State Council Customs Tariff Commission issued a total of seven announcements in three rounds. The measures taken on the 23rd to import $75 billion worth of goods are the third round of counter-measures.
Compared with previous times, the introduction of this measure still reveals three major signals:
First: the determination of the struggle is more obvious
First, at the time, the US officially announced a new round of tax increase measures just one week (taking into account the time difference), China’s measures were introduced, and it is obvious that China has already prepared more than one plan – the US is no longer tossing, and we do not have to use it. New measures; the US will make a moth again, and we will not have no countermeasures.
Second, the goods subject to tariffs are listed in List 2, which corresponds to the list of ABs that the US side has on August 15th. The effective date is also set at September 1 and December 15, respectively, and the time is 12 hours. 01 points, once again reflects the "never hit the first shot", but the attitude is not soft when the fight.
Third, the two announcements were issued together. In addition to listing the new list, the tariffs imposed on vehicles and parts originating in the United States were suspended. From now on, until December 15th, there will be another hundred days. If the US can return to the right way to solve the problem rationally during this period, perhaps the US auto and parts producers and exporters can still have fewer loss.
Second, pay more attention to the strategic nature of the struggle.
First, continue to upgrade the "beans". On August 23 last year, in the list of tariffs issued by the Taxation Commission for the United States to export goods to China, the soybeans with the tariff number 12019010 were added to the 25% tariff, because the complaints of the US soybean farmers and the market of soybeans were depressed. For the reasons of China’s increased purchases and so on, it has become a well-known tariff “net red”. However, in the new list published by the Tax Committee (List 1), you will find this familiar figure again, this time, plus 5%. Therefore, the “Net Soy” product “Yellow Soybean” from the United States will face a 30% tariff since September 1 (the effective date of Annex 1) (the tariff code in Listing 1 is 12019000).
Second, energy products are listed for the first time. Looking at the list, you will find that the crude oil is in the forefront - the tariff number is 27090000, the fourth part of the first list, that is, the 5% tariff will be imposed from September 1.
The increase in taxes on energy goods, coupled with the recovery of taxes on automobiles and parts, is still a significant blow to the United States, which has always relied on energy exports and is known as the “country on the wheel”.
Third, the attack is broader. Compared with the previous list, the goods in this round of the list are worth about $75 billion, covering almost all industries exported by the United States. However, this is not the same as the effect of China's export of American goods to various household items in the United States. It is subject to the high cost of labor in the United States, the lack of low-end links in the industrial chain, and the low cost of Chinese products. If the impact of such factors, China's imports of daily necessities tariffs, the United States consumers will become buyers; but in China, whether the e-commerce platform just released a bright half-year earnings report (approaching last year's proud results), or constantly The rise of the "national goods movement", even foreign media found that in the trade war environment, more Chinese people turned to domestic products, which does not even rule out the opportunity to become more domestic brands.
Third, seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, seek truth from facts
First, whether it is List 1 or List 2, the stepped tax rate is an obvious feature. It is necessary to form a blow against each other and to reduce their losses as much as possible.
Second, although there are many tax-added goods, there are alternatives. Whether it is purchasing soybeans from South America, increasing imports of cars and parts from Europe and Japan, and improving the formulation of pig feed in China, increasing the amount of soybeans planted, a series of response measures have been carried out in an orderly manner.
It is not difficult to see that China has more and more experience and more flexible and pragmatic means in dealing with the US trade war escalation. In summary, the third round of counter-attacks is a rational and favorable forced rebellion. If some people in the US feel offended, it is just a side effect that is not accustomed to "equality and mutual respect."
From last year to the present, whether it is the announcement of the Tax Committee or the statement of the relevant departments of the Chinese side, one of the more used words is “targeted”. This term embodies a causal relationship - what kind of action the US will take on China's actions.
Finally, we still want to say two things:
First, even in the current situation, there are still many possibilities for the next trend.
In the news report of the State Council, this prospect is also very clear: China’s adoption of tariff-adding measures is a forced move to deal with US unilateralism and trade protectionism. The Chinese side once again reiterated that for China and the United States, cooperation is the only correct choice, and a win-win situation can lead to a better future. It is hoped that China and the United States will respect each other with mutual respect, mutual equality, words and trust, and words and deeds, resolve differences in a mutually acceptable way, and actively build a balanced, inclusive and win-win new Sino-US economic and trade order, and jointly safeguard and promote Reform and improve the multilateral trading system and promote mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation with other countries in the world.
Second, for more than a year, there has been no fear of changes in the external environment. Regardless of Chinese enterprises or the public, the mentality of confronting Sino-US trade frictions is becoming more and more mature and calmer. In the face of uncertainty, doing things well is the best response, as in enterprises, as well as in the country. After the 70 years of glory in the new China, Fanghua is just right, no power can stop the pace of progress. (Reporter Fang Xiao)
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