Britain to compensate tortured Kenyans
Foreign secretary says Mau Mau fighters who suffered abuse for resisting colonial rule will receive $30.8m.
Last Modified: 06 Jun 2013 15:55
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Britain has agreed to compensate Kenyans tortured during the Mau Mau uprising against colonial rule in the 1950s, Foreign Secretary William Hague has said.
Hague expressed "sincere regret" on Thursday that the abuses had taken place and told parliament the government would pay a total of $30.8m to 5,228 clients represented by a British law firm.
A lawyer for the vicitms had said on Wednesday the settlement had been agreed without disclosing the sum.
"[The negotiations] have included everybody with sufficient evidence of torture. And that number is about 5,200," Kenyan lawyer Paul Muite said.
Negotiations began after a London court ruled in October that three elderly Kenyans, who suffered castration, rape and beatings while in detention during a crackdown by British forces and their Kenyan allies in the 1950s, could sue Britain.
The torture took place during the so-called Kenyan Emergency of 1952-60, when fighters from the Mau Mau movement attacked British targets, causing panic among white settlers.
Al Jazeera's Peter Greste, reporting from the Kenyan capital, said Britain would also pay for a special memorial to be erected in Nairobi.
He said that since the case was settled out of court, it would not set a legal precedent for future claims of compensation for abuses during the colonial rule. But he added that it could set a "moral precedent" for other victims to step up.
'Pain and grievance'
The $30.8m compensation would work out at $5,891 per claimant in a country where average national income per capita is $821.
The foreign office said in last month's statement that "there should be a debate about the past".
"It is an enduring feature of our democracy that we are willing to learn from our history," the statement said.
"We understand the pain and grievance felt by those, on all sides, who were involved in the divisive and bloody events of the Emergency period in Kenya."
In a test case, claimants Paulo Muoka Nzili, Wambugu Wa Nyingi and Jane Muthoni Mara last year told Britain's High Court how they were subjected to torture and sexual mutilation.
Lawyers said that Nzili was castrated, Nyingi severely beaten and Mara subjected to appalling sexual abuse in detention camps during the Mau Mau rebellion.
A fourth claimant, Susan Ngondi, has died since legal proceedings began.
The Mau Mau nationalist movement originated in the 1950s among the Kikuyu people of Kenya. Its loyalists advocated violent resistance to British domination of the country.
The Kenya Human Rights Commission has estimated 90,000 Kenyans were killed or maimed and 160,000 detained during the uprising.
'Triumph'
London tried for three years to block the Mau Mau veterans' legal action in the courts, drawing condemnation from the elderly torture victims who accused Kenya's former colonial master of using legal technicalities to fight the case.
Caroline Elkins, a Harvard history professor who acted as an expert witness in the case launched in 2009, said the settlement would be the first of its kind for the former British Empire.
"[It] should be seen as a triumph," Elkins told Reuters during a visit to Nairobi for the British announcement.
Elkins wrote the book Imperial Reckoning: The Untold Story of Britain's Gulag in Kenya which served as the basis for the Mau Mau case.
Britain had first said that responsibility for events during the Mau Mau uprising passed to Kenya upon its independence in 1963, an argument which London courts rejected.
Source: Al Jazeera and agencies
