how is it different from debt/equity ration ?
debt / equity =
how much external financing (note: only LT debts) is sourced, for every dollar of shareholders' interests ie focus on financing risk
gearing = all debt / (all debt + equity) =
what proportion of total assets base, can be subjected to claims in priority over the shareholders
net gearing = all debt less cash / (all debt + equity)
same as above, but focus on the portion of priority claims that company needs to raise extra cash (from its current assets base) to match
but sometimes people also call debt/equity as gearing ratio